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Results for “Carbohydrate Metabolic Effects”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Adrenergic system and carbohydrate metabolism. Effects of beta-receptor blockade on insulin secretion and peripheral insulin sensitivity in normoglycaemic patients.

The effects of 3 weeks of treatment with the beta-receptor blocking agent propranolol and a placebo on glucose tolerance, insulin secretion and peripheral insulin sensitivity have been evaluated in 7 normoglycaemic hypertensive patients by an oral glucose tolerance test and the insulin clamp technique. Significant changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were observed at the end of propranolol treatment, but there were no associated changes in glucose tolerance, insulin secretion or peripheral insulin sensitivity. No difference was observed in glucagon, growth hormone and free fatty acids between propranolol and placebo treatment. The results support the view that the hypothetical pancreatic glucoreceptor, at least in non-acute studies, is not affected by beta blockade. In addition, there was no effect on tissue sensitivity to insulin.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

The role of the sensory peptide calcitonin-gene-related peptide(s) in skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism: effects of capsaicin and resiniferatoxin.

1. The content of calcitonin-gene-related-peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) in various rat muscles was measured. Starvation for 24 h did not affect the content of CGRP-LI in these muscles, except for a decreased level in the starved-rat diaphragm. Higher contents of CGRP-LI were observed in well-vascularized muscles. 2. Capsaicin (at 1, 10 and 100 microM) inhibited insulin-stimulated rates of glycogen synthesis in isolated stripped incubated soleus muscle preparations by a mechanism independent of catecholamine release, since the effects of capsaicin were not altered by the beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist DL-propranolol. 3. Resiniferatoxin (10 nM), which is a potent capsaicin agonist, also significantly inhibited the insulin-stimulated rate of glycogen synthesis. Furthermore, the concentration of resiniferatoxin required to inhibit glycogen synthesis was 100 times less than the concentration of capsaicin needed for the same effect. 4. Capsaicin (10 microM) decreased the content of CGRP-LI in isolated stripped incubated soleus muscle preparations by about 40%. 5. Neonatal treatment of rats with capsaicin, which causes de-afferentation of some sensory nerves such, we hypothesize, that CGRP can no longer be released to counteract the effects of insulin in vivo, caused increased rates of glycogen synthesis and increased glycogen content in stripped soleus muscle preparations in vitro when muscles were isolated from the adult rats. 6. These findings support the hypothesis that capsaicin and resiniferatoxin elicit an excitatory response on sensory nerves in skeletal muscle in vitro to cause the efferent release of CGRP. Consequently, CGRP is delivered to skeletal muscle fibres to inhibit insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis. The role of CGRP in recovery of blood glucose levels during hypoglycaemia is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Effect of catechin on carbohydrate metabolism.

Effect of varying concentrations of catechin on blood glucose levels was examined in male rats. Catechin exerted maximum hypoglycemic action at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW/day. Above this dose, the activity decreased gradually and blood sugar returned to almost normal levels at a concentration of 100 mg/kg BW/day. At optimum dose of catechin there was increase in the hepatic glycogen levels. Incorporation of [14C] glucose into glycogen in vitro was also increased. Glycogen synthase activity was found increased significantly whereas glycogen phosphorylase showed a decrease showing that hypoglycemic effect of catechin is due to increased glycogenesis and decreased glycogenolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Mercuric chloride intoxication in freshwater prawn. I. Effect on carbohydrate metabolism.

The effects of mercuric chloride on the glycogen content of various tissues and on the hemolymph glucose level of freshwater prawns, Macrobrachium lamarrei (M. Edwards), have been studied. Mercuric chloride depleted the glycogen content of different tissues. The hemolymph glucose level was decreased within 24 hr and later increased significantly up to 72 hr. Further, a remarkable decrease in glucose level was observed after 96 hr. The possible cause of disturbance in carbohydrate metabolism in relation to mercury intoxication is briefly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of isatin and its derivatives on some indicators of carbohydrate metabolism].

Effect of isatin and of three its derivatives on content of lactate, pyruvate and glycogen was studied in rat tissues. The substances studied, except of 5-butylisatin, decreased the content of lactic acid with simultaneous increase of glycogen content in liver tissue under normal conditions. The pyruvate content was most markedly altered in presence of 5-bromoisatin and 5-butylisatin. In deficiency of oxygen a distinct increase in content of lactate and pyruvate was noted in animal tissues after the 5-bromoisatin preadministration. Under conditions of oxygen deficiency the substances studied were of distinct significance for more economical utilization of glycogen in liver tissue and skeletal muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Metabolic adaptation of the renal carbohydrate metabolism. II. Effects of a high carbohydrate diet on the gluconeogenic and glycolytic fluxes in the proximal and distal renal tubules.

The effects of a high carbohydrate diet on the renal gluconeogenic and glycolytic capacities and on the activities of the main enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase have been studied. These parameters have been analysed in two separate and isolated fractions of the renal tubule, the proximal convoluted (PCT) and the distal convoluted (DCT) zones. The results presented in this study show a rapid adaptation capacity of the kidney in response to the high amount of dietary carbohydrate, which are characterized by a decrease in the glucose production and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activity in the proximal tubules, and an increase in the glycolytic flux and phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase activities in the distal tubules. The changes in these enzyme activities took place only at subsaturating substrate concentrations and not at maximum velocity which suggest that they are probably due to an allosteric and/or covalent modifications and so, they are independent of variations in the cellular levels of the enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of surgery on carbohydrate metabolism.

The effect of surgery on carbohydrate metabolism has been studied in 20 patients. The blood sugar and serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels were determined during various operations. The blood sugar level rose progressively with the duration of the intervention. A difference was detected in the changes of the blood sugar and serum-IRI levels during extra- and intraperitoneal operations. In the first case the rise in blood sugar and serum IRI was slighter and showed no close correlation with time. During intraperitoneal operations, no corresponding insulin response accompanied the increased blood sugar level.

Adult↗