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Results for “Canis lupus familiaris”

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PubMed2025

Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Maternal Genetic History of East Asian Gray Wolves (Canis lupus).

The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is the only wild ancestor of dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and serves a crucial role in understanding the highly controversial issue of dog origins. Recently, ancient DNA studies on gray wolves from different regions of the Eurasian continent have achieved significant breakthroughs, providing important clues about the dog origins. As one of the potential origin areas for dogs, East Asia has seen some research on ancient dogs; however, reports related to gray wolves remain limited. In this study, we sequenced seven new mitogenomes of ancient gray wolves from Northern China, integrating them with 497 ancient and modern canid mitogenomes from published data. Our results reveal the following: (1) East Asian gray wolves have maintained high genetic diversity from ancient times to the present; (2) multiple haplogroup A gray wolves from Northern China support the hypothesis that Northeastern Eurasia is a core region for dog origins; (3) a deep gray wolf lineage in East Asia has been identified in this study; (4) different mitogenomes concentrated at the Jinchankou site indicate that admixture may have frequently occurred in the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. These findings enhance our understanding of the maternal genetic history of gray wolves in East Asia.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Genotypic and phenotypic consequences of domestication in dogs.

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are genomic regions that arise when two copies of identical haplotypes are inherited from a shared common ancestor. In this study, we leverage ROH to identify associations between genetic diversity and non-disease phenotypes in Canis lupus familiaris (dogs). We find significant association between the ROH inbreeding coefficient (FROH) and several phenotypic traits. These traits include height, weight, lifespan, muscled, white coloring of the head and chest, furnishings, and fur length. After correcting for population structure, we identified more than 45 genes across the examined quantitative traits that exceed the threshold for suggestive significance. We observe distinct distributions of inbreeding and elevated levels of long ROH in modern breed dogs compared to more ancient breeds, which aligns with breeding practices during Victorian era breed establishment. Our results highlight the impact of non-additive variation and of polygenicity on complex quantitative phenotypes in dogs due to domestication and the breed formation bottleneck.

GWAS↗
PubMed2026

A SINE-like insertion in intron 13 of the ATP7A gene is associated with a mild form of Menkes-like disease in a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.

A 7-month-old intact male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was presented for persistent glucosuria despite normoglycemia, failure to thrive, chronic diarrhea, and cerebellar ataxia. Fanconi syndrome was diagnosed, but the neurologic abnormalities were not fully explained. As a consequence of the early onset Fanconi syndrome, a hereditary process was suspected. Whole genome sequencing identified a private hemizygous SINE-like insertion into the ATP7A gene, at the end of intron 13, near the start of exon 14. In humans, variants in ATP7A are associated with Menkes disease, a disorder of copper metabolism associated with a spectrum of clinical signs including progressive neurodegeneration and connective tissue abnormalities. Clinically affected dogs with variants in ATP7A have not been reported previously. Although this case appears to represent a mild phenotypic presentation of Menkes-like disease, it raises the possibility that copper disorders aside from copper-associated hepatitis might exist in dogs. Further genetic screening and phenotypic characterization of rare genetic variants associated with copper metabolism would be beneficial to expand our knowledge of copper disorders in dogs and allow potential early intervention and modeling for metabolic diseases in humans.

Animals↗