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PubMedDate not supplied

Health promotion activities in Quebec hospitals: a comparison of DSC and non-DSC hospitals.

In the early 1970s, public health units were introduced to 32 Quebec hospitals. One of the reasons for introducing public health to hospitals was the beneficial influence this new structure, called "Département de santé communautaire" (DSC), was expected to have on the development of health promotion and prevention activities in the hospital. This study compared 19 DSC hospitals with 19 non-DSC hospitals that were matched for mission, size and location. The data came from a larger survey which had been conducted by the Canadian Hospital Association in Canadian hospitals in 1985. According to our results, DSC hospitals differed from their non-DSC counterparts mainly on dimensions related to their public health mandate (e.g. community programs, advocacy). They did not differ greatly on dimensions related to other health promotion and prevention activities within the hospital (e.g. inpatient and outpatient care, employees). These results suggest that while hospitals have not created organizational obstacles to the achievement of public health activities by DSCs, DSCs did not have the expected impact on hospitals.

Canada↗
PubMed1984

Patient care review: results of the Canadian Psychiatric Association Hospital Survey.

This paper is a report of the Education and Professional Liaison Council of the Canadian Psychiatric Association on the results of its questionnaire to 104 psychiatric hospital facilities in Canada on the extent, type and usefulness of patient care review procedures. The results indicate that the majority of hospitals appear to have initiated one or more patient care review activities within the last decade and have been carrying these out on a regular basis. These procedures have been considered useful for patient care and for continuing medical education. Both the frequency of patient care review activity and the type of procedure used, however, are directly related to the number of psychiatrists present in the center, with those hospitals having the least resources indicating little or no activity.

Canada↗
PubMed1990

Facilitating the involvement of Canadian health care facilities in health promotion.

Following a brief background of Canadian health promotion policy efforts, the Canadian health care system, and a discussion of the reasons for increased interest in the area, two health promotion and health care facility initiatives undertaken by the Canadian Hospital Association are presented. The first describes the findings of a 1986 survey of Canadian hospitals (n = 732) in terms of the level of commitment to health promotion, the future priority of health promotion for four target groups, the types of programs and activities, and the perceived obstacles to implementing health promotion. The results suggest that although health promotion is considered an important role for hospitals, most health promotion activities in Canadian hospitals can be classified as ad hoc. The second initiative presents the summary of a focus group meeting which was established to further the organized involvement of health care facilities in health promotion. Findings are described as follows: a shared vision of health and health promotion; the role of health care facilities in health promotion; and the implementation of health promotion in health institutions. These efforts culminated in the striking of a national working group by Health and Welfare Canada to develop a document which will serve as a framework for health promotion in health care facilities.

Canada↗
PubMed2002

Morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden of nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in Canadian hospitals.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the healthcare burden, morbidity, and mortality of nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (N-CDAD) in Canadian hospitals. DESIGN: Laboratory-based prevalence study. SETTING: Nineteen acute-care Canadian hospitals belonging to the Canadian Hospital Epidemiology Committee surveillance program. PATIENTS: Hospitalized patients in the participating centers. METHODS: Laboratory-based surveillance was conducted for C. difficile toxin in stool among 19 Canadian hospitals from January to April 1997, for 6 continuous weeks or until 200 consecutive diarrhea stool samples had been tested at each site. Patients with N-CDAD had to fulfill the case definition. Data collected for each case included patient demographics, length of stay, extent of diarrhea, complications of CDAD, CDAD-related medical interventions, patient outcome, and details of death. RESULTS: We found that 371 (18%) of 2,062 tested patients had stools with positive results for C difficile toxin, of whom 269 (13%) met the case definition for nosocomial CDAD. Of these, 250 patients (93%) had CDAD during their hospitalization, and 19 (7%) were readmitted because of CDAD (average readmission stay, 13.6 days). Forty-one patients (15.2%) died, of whom 4 (1.5% of the total) were considered to have died directly or indirectly of N-CDAD. The following N-CDAD-related morbidity was noted: dehydration, 3%; hypokalemia, 2%; gastrointestinal hemorrhage requiring transfusion, 1%; bowel perforation, 0.4%; and secondary sepsis, 0.4%. The cost of N-CDAD readmissions alone was estimated to be a minimum of $128,200 (Canadian dollars) per year per facility. CONCLUSION: N-CDAD is a common and serious nosocomial infectious complication in Canada, is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, and imposes an important financial burden on healthcare institutions.

Aged↗