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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Selenium concentrations in the Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius): relationship with flows in the upper Colorado River.

A Department of the Interior (DOI) irrigation drainwater study of the Uncompahgre Project area and the Grand Valley in western Colorado revealed high selenium concentrations in water, sediment, and biota samples. The lower Gunnison River and the Colorado River in the study area are designated critical habitat for the endangered Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius) and razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus). Because of the endangered status of these fish, sacrificing individuals for tissue residue analysis has been avoided; consequently, little information existed regarding selenium tissue residues. In 1994, muscle plugs were collected from a total of 39 Colorado pikeminnow captured at various Colorado River sites in the Grand Valley for selenium residue analysis. The muscle plugs collected from 16 Colorado pikeminnow captured at Walter Walker State Wildlife Area (WWSWA) contained a mean selenium concentration of 17 microg/g dry weight, which was over twice the recommended toxic threshold guideline concentration of 8 microg/g dry weight in muscle tissue for freshwater fish. Because of elevated selenium concentrations in muscle plugs in 1994, a total of 52 muscle plugs were taken during 1995 from Colorado pikeminnow staging at WWSWA. Eleven of these plugs were from fish previously sampled in 1994. Selenium concentrations in 9 of the 11 recaptured fish were significantly lower in 1995 than in 1994. Reduced selenium in fish may in part be attributed to higher instream flows in 1995 and lower water selenium concentrations in the Colorado River in the Grand Valley. In 1996, muscle plugs were taken from 35 Colorado squawfish captured at WWSWA, and no difference in mean selenium concentrations were detected from those sampled in 1995. Colorado River flows during 1996 were intermediate to those measured in 1994 and 1995.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Gang-related outbreak of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other sexually transmitted diseases--Colorado Springs, Colorado, 1989-1991.

In April 1990, the El Paso County (Colorado) Health Department (EPCHD) recognized an outbreak of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) occurring in Colorado Springs (1990 census population: 397,014), Colorado. An investigation by the EPCHD and the Colorado Department of Health eventually identified 56 cases of PPNG from December 1989 through March 1991 (Figure 1). The outbreak revealed a previously unidentified core group of persons with STDs in Colorado Springs. This report summarizes traditional and innovative measures used to investigate and manage the outbreak, and describes this core group and its role in STD transmission in Colorado Springs.

Colorado↗
PubMed1984

Statewide treatment outcome assessment in Colorado: the Colorado Client Assessment Record (CCAR).

Colorado has been measuring mental health treatment outcome statewide for the past four years. The data system for it is built around the Colorado Client Assessment Record ( CCAR ), a multi-dimensional checklist and Level-of-Functioning ( LOF ) measure. The CCAR is used by the Colorado Division of Mental Health for needs assessment, defining target groups, estimating bed need and doing cost-effectiveness studies. An underlying structure consisting of seven independent scales has recently been established using factor-analytic methods. A rater effect was also discovered and mathematically removed, revealing reliable and valid LOF information heretofore unknown. The improved CCAR will hasten implementation of Colorado's long-range plan for treatment outcome assessment.

Colorado↗
PubMed1978

Colorado tick fever: clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory aspects of 228 cases in Colorado in 1973-1974.

During 1973 and 1974, we looked for cases of Colorado tick fever throughout Colorado; 228 cases were identified. Although 90% of the patients reported exposure to ticks before illness, only 52% were aware of an actual tick bite. Typical symptoms of fever, myalgia, and headache were common, but gastrointestinal symptoms were also prominent in 20% of the patients. Twenty percent were hospitalized; no deaths or permanent sequelae were noted. Persistent viremia (greater than or equal to 4 weeks) was found in about half of the cases; this finding was not associated with the occurrence of prolonged symptoms (greater than or equal to 3 weeks), which were also reported in half of the cases. One patient became reinfected with the virus. Increasing tourism in endemic areas and the frequent occurrence of prolonged or biphasic illnesses provide the potential for patients with Colorado tick fever to seek medical care anywhere in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Street outreach for STD/HIV prevention--Colorado Springs, Colorado, 1987-1991.

Strategies to identify and influence persons at increased risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) require outreach to provide prevention messages directly to persons at risk, assist them to obtain prevention services, and encourage them to reduce risks. Street outreach programs complement CDC's information and education campaign "America Responds to AIDS" by providing persons with specific risk-reduction messages and materials. This report describes efforts to implement such approaches in Colorado Springs, Colorado, and presents preliminary results regarding the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections among female street prostitutes in that community.

Colorado↗
PubMed1989

Colorado pit and fissure sealant survey: attitudes toward and use of pit and fissure sealants by Colorado general dentists.

The purpose of this study was to conduct a survey of Colorado general dentists regarding the use of and attitudes toward pit and fissure sealants. The survey consisted of a questionnaire to determine the utilization levels of sealants by general dentists, reasons for limited placement or non-utilization of sealants, whether sealant placement was delegated to dental auxiliaries or not, and if continuing education courses on sealants had been attended by the dentists and/or their dental auxiliaries. A total of 544 completed questionnaires were available for study. The results indicated that sealants were used by 82.7% of the dentists. Approximately 70% of the practitioners reported that they utilized sealants either routinely or occasionally. Reasons for limited placement or non-utilization of sealants were, in descending order: 1) Not covered by insurance; 2) Inadvertent sealing in of caries; 3) Sealants do not last; 4) Sealants too expensive; 5) Not familiar with sealant technique; 6) Sealants not effective. Placement of sealants was delegated as follows: 1) Dentists, 64.8%; 2) Hygienists, 17.8%; 3) Assistants, 17.4%. Continuing education courses had been attended by 29.1% of the dentists surveyed. Only 6.6% of the dentists indicated that their staff had attended continuing education courses on sealant placement. A relatively high percentage of Colorado dentists are utilizing sealants on a frequent basis. Major reasons for limited usage or non-utilization of sealants relates to lack of insurance coverage and concern regarding sealing in of caries. A need for continuing education courses on sealants appears to exist.

Colorado↗
PubMed1997

Community-based HIV prevention in presumably underserved populations--Colorado Springs, Colorado, July-September 1995.

Persons whose behaviors may increase their risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but who may be underserved by existing HIV prevention and testing programs (in part because of limited access) include those who are homeless, chemically dependent but not in treatment, and mentally ill. To assess the prevalence of high-risk behaviors for HIV infection, the acceptance of HIV counseling and testing, and HIV seropositivity in such populations in Colorado Spring, Colorado (1995 population: 465,885), the El Paso County Department of Health and Environment (EPCDHE) conducted a study during July-September 1995. This report summarizes the results of the study, which indicate that such presumably underserved persons are accessible, commonly report high-risk behaviors and previously have been tested for HIV infection and that social isolation, in part, accounted for the low seroprevalence of HIV in this study population.

Colorado↗
PubMed1999

Distribution of trace elements in streambed sediment associated with mining activities in the upper colorado river basin, colorado, USA, 1995-96

Streambed-sediment samples were collected in the Southern Rocky Mountains physiographic province in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Colorado to characterize the occurrence and distribution of trace elements in mined and nonmined areas of the basin. During October 1995 and September 1996, streambed sediment was collected at 37 sites, and the samples were analyzed for trace elements. The ranges in concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn at mining sites generally were orders of magnitude higher than the ranges of concentrations at nonmining sites. Sampling sites located in two predominant rock types in mining areas were not significantly different (p > 0.05) for concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn. Cu was significantly different (p < 0.05) between sites in the two predominant rock types. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were not significantly different (p > 0.05) between main-stem sites and tributary sites. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn exceeded established guidelines for adverse effects on aquatic biota at some sites in the study area. The patterns in concentrations of Cd and Zn, Cd and Pb, and Pb and Zn were highly correlated to one another in this study. Concentrations of trace elements in the <63-&mgr;m fraction were higher than in the total particle-size fraction analysis. Comparison of reference sites to sites affected by a mine source indicated that trace-element concentrations initially increased downstream of the source and then gradually decreased in concentration with distance from the source.http://link. springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00244/bibs/37n1p7.html

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Knowing that 'Colorado' goes with 'Denver' does not imply knowledge that 'Denver' is in 'Colorado'.

Patient Boswell, who is severely amnesic for both retrograde and anterograde material, can provide the correct state name for a particular city, given the name of the city, e.g. given 'Denver' he will respond 'Denver ... Colorado', an ability that, by itself, would suggest that he knows about each item in the set and about their connection. However, he cannot name cities in a state, and he is unable to provide even superficial information about the unique characteristics of most cities and states. We investigated this phenomenon with several experiments. In the first (State Completion), Boswell was given names of cities in the U.S.A., and asked to provide the associated state name; in the second (City Generation) we asked him to provide names of cities located in particular states. For State Completion, Boswell correctly supplied state names for 53% of the items, and he improved to 94% correct in a forced choice paradigm. For City Generation, his performance was markedly inferior to that of controls; in fact, he produced only 4 city names for a total of 27 different states. In another experiment, in which Boswell was asked to give specific characteristics of cities and states, he was also severely defective. The dissociations suggest that the ability to complete a well-learned verbal set (e.g. Denver-Colorado), given its first component, implies nothing about (1) the underlying verbal or non-verbal knowledge associated with either item in the set, or (2) their relationship to one another. The maintenance of this ability depends on a circumscribed cortical region of the dominant hemisphere, which includes Brodmann's field 22 and part of fields 21 and 37.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1981

Experimental Colorado tick fever virus infection in Colorado mammals.

One hundred and twenty-four small mammals of six species were inoculated with three strains of Colorado tick fever (CTF) virus to define viremia and neutralizing (N) antibody responses. Adult Eutamias minimus and Eutamias embrinus, and juvenile Peromyscus maniculatus and Spermophilus lateralis, were highly susceptible to development of viremic infection. Adult S. lateralis and P. maniculatus were moderately susceptible (greater than or equal to 50% viremic). Five Sylvilagus nuttalli did not become viremic following experimental inoculation. Spermophilus richardsoni was also relatively resistant (less than or equal to 50% viremic). The longest duration of viremia (mean 15.8 days) and highest peak viremia levels (mean peak titer 10(3.9 plaque-forming units per ml) occurred in E. minimus. Adult E. umbrinus, juvenile S. lateralis, and juvenile P. maniculatus had moderate viremias. Adult S. lateralis and S. richardsoni often had short viremias during which virus was only intermittently detectable. N antibody production was most rapid in E. minimus in comparison with other species. In addition, N antibody persisted for 1 year in this species. In other species, many animals lost detectable antibody 5-11 months after infection. No significant differences were found in patterns of infection between three CTF virus strains. We conclude that of the six species inoculated, E. minimus is the best experimental host for CTF virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Epizootic vesicular stomatitis in Colorado, 1982: epidemiologic studies along the northern Colorado front range.

Epidemiologic evaluations were made of farm personnel on vesicular stomatitis-affected premises along the front range of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado during the 1982 epizootic. A similar antibody prevalence was noted to that of veterinarians and research and regulatory personnel who were involved with the same epizootic. Risk of infection resulted from intimate physical contact with infected horses or cows. Incidence and infection rates in horses were 45%; rates in cows were much lower, only 5%. Some epidemiologic clues were gained by a detailed study of an equine ranch. The pasture was incriminated as the area of highest risk, where 100% infection rates were noted. Horses in open pens and barns were at lower risk. Severe clinical disease in horses resulted in higher neutralizing antibody titers than inapparent or mild infection. Maternal antibody was detected in foals up to 4 months of age, and the level of antibody in the foal was a reflection of the dam's antibody level.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗