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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Conventional oral cholecystography versus single-visit oral cholecystography.

The conventional manner of preparing ambulatory patients for oral cholecystography with six tablets of iopanoic acid yields results which are essentially equal to those obtained by single-visit oral cholecystography (two-day preparation with 12 tablets of iopanoic acid). Also, it is more convenient for patients and referring physicians. The conventional method of preparation is recommended for hospitalized patients as well.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Ultrasonic and radiographic cholecystography.

To define the relative merits of radiographic and ultrasonic cholecystography, we studied 208 randomly selected patients with possible cholelithiasis. The patients underwent both procedures, and the results were interpreted in blind fashion. Two hundred patients had satisfactory confirmation of their diagnosis, by either a well visualized radiographic cholecystogram or operation or both. The overall accuracy of the ultrasonic examination was 93 per cent, with a false-negative rate of 11 and an indeterminate rate of 4 per cent. The indeterminate rate was 24 per cent for the single-dose oral cholecystogram and 8 per cent for the double-dose oral cholecystogram. Both ultrasonic cholecystography and radiographic cholecystography are useful to detect gallstones. Our findings support using single-dose oral cholecystography as the routine first examination. If the gallbladder is not satifactorily visualized, ultrasonic cholecystography can be performed immediately. In an emergency or for patients who might be pregnant, ultrasonic cholecystography is available as the initial examination.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Assessment of the biliary tract by antegrade cholecystography after percutaneous cholecystostomy in patients with acute cholecystitis.

The diagnostic value of formal antegrade cholecystography in a consecutive series of 44 patients with scintigraphically confirmed acute cholecystitis, treated by percutaneous transperitoneal cholecystostomy, has been evaluated. A total of six patients did not have antegrade cholecystography (catheter migration in five patients and gangrenous gallbladder perforation in one). Antegrade cholecystography was performed in the remaining 38: 10 patients with persisting cystic duct obstruction and 28 patients with patent cystic ducts. In the persisting cystic duct obstruction group, antegrade cholecystography confirmed the cause of gallbladder outflow obstruction as impacted calculi in either the gallbladder neck or cystic duct in all patients. In the patent cystic duct group, antegrade cholecystography demonstrated the common ducts well in all but two patients, and common duct calculi in eight of nine patients. Three patients had common duct calculi in non-dilated ducts. Antegrade cholecystography is an easy and safe method of clarifying gallbladder pathology in all patients, and can be used to evaluate the common duct for associated common duct calculi in most patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cholecystography with ceruletide. Results and evaluation of its routine use].

Cholecystography has been up to day used as unique or first instance examination in patients suspected to have chronic gallbladder diseases. On the other hand, cholecystosonography is proposed with increasing frequence as first examination for simple and rapid detection of cholelithiasis. Results of high standard cholecystography are therefore welcomed in order to assess it present role in respect to diagnostic ultrasounds. On this basis, the authors reports the results of systematic administration of ceruletide in 300 clinically unselected patients with a good opacification at cholecystography. Ceruletide has been demonstrated to be rarely accompanied by a few minor side effects, to have a cholecystokinetic effect more rapid and intense than fatty meal and cholecystokinine and to be followed by frequent diagnostic visualization of cystic duct and choledochus. Small gallbladder stones, diffuse and segmentary cholecystosis and cholecystostasis, with clinical relevance, were easily detected and may be therefore considered as elective indications of ceruletide-assisted-cholecystography. Systemic administration of ceruletide in the course of cholecystography is apt to push its diagnostic possibilities to a maximum extent, allowing appropriate comparison of effectiveness with cholecystosonography in view of their complementary role.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Cholecystokinin cholecystography: a three year prospective trial.

A prospective study was undertaken to assess whether or not cholecystokinin cholecystography was able to predict the long-term results of cholecystectomy. The patients studied were all suffering from abdominal pain which was thought to be biliary in nature but in whom standard oral cholecystography did not reveal gall-bladder disease. There were 48 patients, mostly female, who were followed for 3 or more years after investigation and treatment. Half of the patients underwent cholecystectomy. There was no difference in outcome between those patients treated conservatively and those who underwent cholecystectomy. Cholecystokinin cholecystography was unable to predict the response of the patient to surgery in respect of relief of pain. It is concluded that cholecystokinin cholecystography is not a useful investigation when considering whether or not cholecystectomy would benefit the patient and afford lasting relief from pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of real-time cholecystosonography and oral cholecystography.

To evaluate the efficacy of real-time ultrasonography in detecting cholelithiasis, a series of outpatients and inpatients was examined by oral cholecystography and real-time cholecystosonography. In 163 patients, real-time cholecystosonography achieved a sensitivity of 0.91 and a specificity of 0.99. These values are equal to or better than those usually obtained in current B-mode cholecystosonography or some reported series of oral cholecystography. However, technically excellent and meticulously performed oral cholecystography achieves slightly better sensitivity and specificity than real-time cholecystosonography. The latter is suggested as the initial examination for hospitalized patients, those with abnormal liver function studies or gastric outlet obstruction, and pregnant women. Real-time ultrasonography should also be used when the gallbladder is not adequately opacified on initial oral cholecystography if a sequential dose examination cannot be readily accomplished.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1986

[Is it still useful to integrate cholecystography with direct radiography in the cholecystokinetic test?].

There are discordant opinions in literature on the techniques of execution of the cholecystography. The authors have examined 104 consecutive patients with the clinical suspicion of gallstones in order to verify the usefulness of the plain radiogram and of the cholecystokinetic test. All the patients have been studied systematically with the plain radiogram of the hepatic region, with cholecystography completed by cholecystokinetic test and with ultrasound. In two cases of radiopaque gallstones (7.1%) the plain radiogram was indispensable for the diagnosis while the cholecystokinetic test has permitted to visualize, in one patient (3.5%), a small radiopaque gallstone previously hidden by the gallbladder opacity. In one subject (50%) the cholecystokinetic test has permitted the identification of a small adenomyoma later confirmed by ultrasound. As a conclusion, the diagnostic accuracy of the cholecystography is inferior to that of ultrasound (in the diagnosis of gallbladder stones and adenomyoma) if the first one is not integrated both with the plain radiogram and with the cholecystokinetic test; the Authors consider on the other side, that this last procedures can be substituted if cholecystography is systematically associated to ultrasound examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasonography and oral cholecystography: a comparison of their use in the diagnosis of gallbladder disease.

The charts of all cholecystectomy patients at the White Memorial Medical Center, Los Angeles, from January 1977 to December 1979 were reviewed; of 374 patients, 76 had had both abdominal ultrasound scan and oral cholecystography performed preoperatively. Cholecystography accurately diagnosed gallbladder disease in 71 of these 76 patients, an accuracy rate of 93.4% with one false-positive and four false-negative results. Ultrasonography correctly predicted gallbladder disease in 66 of 76 patients, an accuracy rate of 86.8%, with one false-positive and nine false-negative results. On the basis of this study and others in the literature, ultrasound scanning is recommended as the initial screening diagnostic study for gallbladder disease. Oral cholecystography should follow in patients in whom ultrasonography fails to identify gallbladder calculi.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1984

Infusion cholecystography in the early diagnosis of acute gallbladder disease.

The value of infusion cholecystography 99mTc HIDA cholescintigraphy and ultrasonography was compared in 51 patients presenting with a clinical diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Of the 35 patients with proven gallbladder disease, the presence of gallstones was correctly predicted in 31 (88 per cent) by infusion cholecystography, 32 (90 per cent) by 99mTc HIDA cholescintigraphy and 27 (77 per cent) by ultrasonography. There were no false positive investigations. Infusion cholecystography may be of particular interest to surgeons with no ready access to isotope scanning techniques.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Studies on the mechanism of non-visualization of diseased human gallbladders during oral cholecystography.

Oral cholecystography is a well established method for studying the human gallbladder and radiological non-visualization of the gallbladder has been shown to correlate highly with the presence of disease. The exact mechanism by which diseased gallbladders fail to visualize is unclear, but may be due to a failure of the gallbladder to concentrate the luminal contents. Concentration of gallbladder contents is achieved by the reabsorption of water, the driving force for which is active sodium (Na+) absorption. Therefore Na+ transport was studied by measuring the flux of Na22 across isolated human gallbladder mucosa (obtained at cholecystectomy) and compared with the results of oral cholecystography and histological grading. In 27 gallbladders studied, 59% absorbed Na+, whilst the remainder secreted Na+. Comparison with histological grading showed that as gallbladders became more diseased they absorbed less Na+ and were more likely to secrete Na+. In addition, gallbladders that absorbed Na+ were significantly more likely to visualize on cholecystography than those that secreted Na+. These results indicate that some diseased human gallbladders secrete, rather than absorb, Na+ and suggest that the mechanism for radiological non-visualization is failure of fluid absorption and the development of active fluid secretion.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1981

Conjugated sodium tyropanoate (Bilopaque) in the bowel: significance of its presence or absence after first-dose oral cholecystography.

Oral cholecystography following the ingestion of 4.5 g of sodium tyropanoate (Bilopaque) was performed in 1,053 patients. The radiographs of 89 patients in whom the gallbladder was either faintly visualized or nonvisualized were reviewed for the presence of conjugated contrast material in the bowel. All 89 of these patients underwent second-dose cholecystography. Oral cholecystography was found to be 100% accurate in the diagnosis of gallbladder disease when conjugated contrast media was found in the bowel in the presence of a faintly visualized or nonvisualized gallbladder. When this combination of findings is seen on the first-dose examination, a second-dose examination is unnecessary. When no conjugated contrast material is seen in the bowel after a first dose, a second dose is helpful only in those patients with normal biochemical liver function tests.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cholelithiasis in the morbidly obese: diagnosis by US and oral cholecystography.

Forty-two morbidly obese patients underwent cholecystectomy at the time of gastroplasty, primarily for prophylactic reasons. Preoperatively, 37 patients underwent ultrasonography (US) of the gallbladder and oral cholecystography, four US only, and one oral cholecystography only. There was one indeterminate US study (2.4%) and one indeterminate oral cholecystogram (2.7%). At US study, gallstones were detected in six of the eight patients with gallstones (sensitivity = 75%), and the gallbladders of all 32 patients without gallstones were categorized as normal (specificity = 100%). The gallstones not identified measured 1-2 mm in diameter. Oral cholecystographic study enabled detection of gallstones in three of the seven patients with gallstones (sensitivity = 43%) and categorized as normal all 30 gallbladders without gallstones (specificity = 100%). The gallstones not seen were small and included those not detected by US. The results suggest that US is equal or superior to oral cholecystography for detection of cholelithiasis in obese patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Optimal technique for detection of gallstones at injection cholecystography: in vitro analysis.

Injection cholecystography is often employed during invasive gallbladder procedures to determine the number of gallstones that are present. The authors undertook this study to define the optimal radiographic technique for performance of injection cholecystography. Condoms filled with 100 mL of contrast medium at four different iodine concentrations (30%, 15%, 7.5%, and 3.8% [wt/vol]) and containing up to five 4-mm-thick gallstones or a single 10-mm-thick gallstone were radiographed in a 20-cm-deep water bath by using four kilovolt peak settings (70, 80, 90, and 100 kVp). Images were read by three radiologists who were blinded to the radiographic technique. significantly (P less than .05) improved Decreasing iodine concentration significantly (P less than .05) improved detection of 4-mm-thick gallstones at a constant kilovolt peak setting. However, increasing the kilovolt peak setting while using the same concentration of contrast medium had no statistically significant influence on gallstone detectability, although radiologists did indicate a preference for the high-kilovolt peak technique. Results of the authors' experiments showed that for detection of small gallstones at injection cholecystography, use of a low-concentration contrast medium and a high kilovolt peak setting is the recommended radiographic technique.

Cholecystography↗