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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Cremation (Scotland) regulations 1935 (as amended) Form B--certificate of medical attendant Form C--confirmatory medical certificate.

It is important that doctors completing Forms B and C are fully aware of their statutory duties and responsibilities as laid down in the relevant cremation regulations. These forms should only be completed when the doctors concerned are confident that the information they are providing is true and accurate and that they have no reasonable cause to suspect that the decreased died either a violent or an unnatural death, or a sudden death of which the cause is unknown, or died in such a place or circumstances as to make further inquiry desirable before cremation. It should also be noted that medical referees have the statutory right to reject forms which are incomplete, or improperly completed.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed2004

[Medical certificates issued to help the patient].

BACKGROUND: Medical certificates form the basis for important decisions in society, e.g. the issuing of a driver's licence or the granting of a disability pension. We wanted to know how often doctors deliberately write favourable certificates as seen from the patient's point of view, and why doctors do so. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Questionnaire survey to a representative sample of 1605 Norwegian doctors. Doctors who answered yes to the question above gave information about the frequency of such writing of various types of certificates and their reasons for doing so. RESULTS: 1175 (73%) doctors responded. 39% confirmed deliberately writing in favour of their patients. For most types of certificates, a frequency of less than once a year was most common. 55% admitted writing favourably in disability pension certificates more than once a year, 69% so in referrals. The most common reasons given were securing just treatment and quick access to treatment. Many doctors emphasised that by answering yes, they meant that they were indeed writing expert judgments based on correct facts. INTERPRETATION: Medical certificates deliberately written in favour of the patient is not uncommon. This should lead to a critical discussion of the need for such certificates and medical diagnoses as a basis for resource allocation, rather than the tightening of control over the practice of doctors.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

The sick employee: medical certificates and the primary care physician.

A medical certificate is the principal way physicians communicate an employee's illness or injury to the employer. The employer is entitled to nonspecific information as to whether or not the physician considers the release from work to be legitimate and whether the employee has any medical problems that might interfere with job performance or make the employee a health risk to self or to others on the job. Specific information about diagnosis is only required when an injury or illness is related to workers' compensation. The medical certificate should describe when the examination took place, should specify the period of time that the employee is unable to work and should designate when and under what conditions the employee may return to work.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1996

[The medical certificate--contents, form, deficiencies, fees].

The medical certificate ist a written health certificate based on the results of a medical diagnosis or examination. It does not contain scientifically base conclusions. The various forms of the certificate can be, for example, certificates of unfitness for work, certificates for insurance companies, certificates for exemption from school sports, diet certificates for tax returns, confirmation of a stable diabetes condition for driving licence authorities, certificates as proof of unfitness to plead in the process of criminal law. It is an offence (section 278 German Penal Code) to issue false health certificates for use with a public authority or insurance company contrary to one's knowledge. The form of some certificates is free, in some cases forms are used. "Standard form certificates" for insurance company are extended certificates. Certificates, especially free-form certificates, often have deficiencies: the purpose or addressee is not quoted; the date of the examination has not been entered; it is not apparent whether the statement is based on objective results; "catchword" like diagnostic terms are used: the necessary form ist not adhered to. The "Law concerning Compensation for Witnesses and Experts" (ZSEG) and the Scale of Medical Fees (GOA) set the standards for assessing the fee for a certificate.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed2002

Field experience with the FAA's Web-based medical certification system "AMCS/DIWS". Federal Aviation Administration.

The October 1, 1999, introduction in the U.S. of a Web-based medical certification process for civil aircrew opened a new era within civil aviation. The Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Aeromedical Certification System/Document Imaging Workflow System (AMCS/DIWS) has imposed certain new requirements on the designated Aviation Medical Examiners (AMEs), including the use of Internet systems and procedures. A number of AMEs elected to discontinue their work as the classic medical certification processes were replaced. The authors document their personal experience with respect to the new system, and cite the overall advantages that modernized medical certification procedures bring. These advantages include far fewer "mistakes of omission" by AMEs, more timely receipt by the FAA of aircrew certification data, and a developing master aircrew database for analytic studies.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed2005

[Sexual child abuse: correlation between medical certificates' conclusions and judiciary sanctions].

Sexual child abuse, comprises of indecency attitudes and physical misbehaviours, directed towards children are dominated by rape. The objective of our study was to assess in sexual child abuse the relation between the conclusion of medical certificates and court decision. It is a retrospective study carried out from 1994 to 1998 on the clerk's office correctional repertories in Dakar regional court. An overall number of 79 cases of child abuse were collected in 5 years period. Children under 18 years old of of both sex, were concerned. Data found were correlated with a review of requisition cases received by the of gynaecology and obstetrics clinic of Aristide Dantec Hospital. This facilitates the establishement of the relationship between the offences and the pronounced sanctions, as well as the initial medical certificate and these sanctions. The sanctions were severe whenever rape had been retained. Some cases were disqualified in indecent assault and were judged as such. The judge decision, which follow the medical certificate conclusions in 11 cases out of 14 shows the importance and reliability of this medical document. All files reviewed at the medical and legal level were incomplete. The difficulty of the materiality of the rape and the psychological consequences in the long run and especially HIV infection should invite to a multidisciplinary, specialized and organized management of sexual child abuse. This study has shown the importance of a correct and complete drafting of the medical certificate, to enable the establishment by the judge the materiality of the facts.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed2005

[Medical certificates for physical education in schools; the situation in Geneva].

The sedentarisation of youth is a major public health issue. Much hope has been placed on school physical education (PE) as a source of regular physical activity and to promote an active life style. A trans-disciplinary group counted the number of medical certificates in secondary school (11339 students), modified the existing excuse form, and generated a debate about PE. In 2000-2001, 15% of students (1688) presented medical certificates: 48% were for >3 months to one year, among which 75% were girls. The proportion of medical certificates varied from school to school (2,3 to 15%). A new form allowing to establish partial incapacity brought a 40% reduction in total medical certificates in 2002-2003.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Assessing the quality of medical certificates II--useful criteria or unnecessary schedule?].

BACKGROUND: In Norway, doctors must provide the National Health Insurance (NIS) with a special medical certificate if a sick-leave exceeds eight weeks. The aim of this study was to evaluate this medical information in relation to the NIS criteria for further sickness benefits and the usefulness of the certificate in assessing the need for early rehabilitative and vocational initiatives. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 2,237 consecutive eight-week medical certificates submitted to 21 NIS offices in the county of Hordaland in 1994 were independently evaluated by the NIS officer and the NIS medical consultant in a questionnaire survey. RESULTS: Both evaluators found sufficient medical information in the vast majority of medical certificates, though in about 12% of the cases the medical criteria for further benefits were not sufficiently documented. In less than 10% of the cases, active rehabilitative or vocational measures were called for at this point in time. However, there was a rather low degree of consensus between the NIS officer and the medical consultant about in which cases supplementary information or active measures were warranted. INTERPRETATION: We conclude that the eight-week medical certificate usually contains enough medical information but is of limited use in assessing the need for active intervention by the NIS. Supplementary information from the absentee and the employer should be collected at an early stage of the sick leave.

Certification↗
PubMed2000

Diagnoses and treatment recommendations on workers compensation medical certificates.

OBJECTIVE: To review the diagnostic descriptions and treatment recommendations for back and neck pain on the new workers compensation medical certificates and compare these with evidence-based guidelines. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of 251 medical certificates of workers with compensable neck and back pain held by a workers compensation insurer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Diagnoses given and treatments prescribed by the nominated treating doctors. RESULTS: The diagnoses most frequently used were "sprain/strain" and "pain/ache". Physiotherapy was the most frequently prescribed treatment, followed by rest and medication. Rest was prescribed for 68 (27%) workers, 87% of whom were classified as having an acute injury. Activity-based treatments were prescribed for 45 (18%) workers. CONCLUSIONS: Not all doctors used diagnostic terms consistent with recommended anatomical taxonomy. The drug therapy prescribed was consistent with current evidence-based treatment guidelines. However, the prescribing of rest, and the omission, in most cases, of explicit recommendations to resume normal activities, including work, are not consistent with current guidelines.

Analgesics↗
PubMed2000

[Classification of myocardial dystrophies in aviation medical certification].

Myocardial dystrophy is one of the most common noncoronary lesions of the myocardium in pilots. However, the abundance of proposed classifications of myocardial dystrophies poses certain problems to medical experts. The authors attempt to consider the existing classifications from the standpoint of aviation medical certification and advocate the most acceptable, to their thinking, systematics by N.P. Paleev and L.I.Levitina (1991). Examples of establishing diagnoses of myocardial dystrophy are included. The best suited program for the aviation medical certification board to work out the final statement regarding the occupational fitness of pilots with myocardial dystrophy is proposed.

Aerospace Medicine↗