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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pancreatic duct glands. II. Lectin binding affinities of ductular epithelium, ductular glands, and Brunner glands.

Secretory epithelia and ductular glands were studied in main pancreatic ducts of guinea pig, rabbit, rat, and man. Brunner glands were studied for comparison. Semithin sections from Epon-embedded tissues were etched with sodium methylate and incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectins. Columnar cells in the epithelium of pancreatic ducts are endowed with well-developed microvillar borders. These apical regions strongly stain with Lotus A-, wheat germ-, and Ricinus I-lectins. Basolateral plasma membranes bind Ricinus I-, Ulex europaeus I-, and wheat germ-lectins. Cytosomes in the supranuclear regions of epithelial cells are interpreted as secretory granules. These droplets are marked by wheat germ-lectin and to a lesser degree by Ricinus I- and Ulex europaeus I-lectins. Ductular glands of the main pancreatic ducts contain secretions that bind Helix-, wheat germ-, and Ulex europaeus I-lectins. Their apical and basolateral cell membranes deeply stain with wheat germ- and Ulex europaeus I-lectins. Secretions of Brunner glands bind Ricinus I-, Ulex europaeus I-, Helix-, and wheat germ lectins. Their apical and basolateral cell membranes stain with Ricinus I- and wheat germ-lectins. - Species differences in lectin-binding affinities of complex carbohydrates were observed and are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Histochemical studies of the endocrine cellular components of swine duodenal glands (Brunner's glands)].

The AA. describe an endocrine cells presence in the Pig Brunner's duodenal glands by means of histochemical methods at light microscope. Between these they can recognize two types of cells: these enterochromaffins (EC) and these non-enterochromaffins (non-EC), both presents either in the secretory part of the glands or in the deeper parts of the ducts. The EC-cells show generally a prismatic size and their apical part attains the glandular cavity. Their granules are much numerous and recognizables either in the basal part or in other parts of the cells. The non-EC-cells show a variable, from the prismatic to the spheroidal, size. Their granules are numerous and recognizables mostly in the basal part of the cells. Between the non-EC-cells they can also differentiate at least three types: a) these Davenport-positives and poorly argyrophils; b) these Davenport-positives and clearly argyrophils and c) these Davenport-negatives and clearly argyrophils. All cells are by lead-haematoxylin stainables, while by the HCL-BT method the EC-cells are ortochromatics and these non-EC are metachromatics.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Human duodenal gland (Brunner's gland) mucus glycoprotein analysis.

A mucus glycoprotein of the duodenal gland is characterized. The glycoprotein was isolated from a water-soluble homogenate fraction of the submucosal tissue of the most proximal part of the small intestine, containing the duodenal gland, and was purified from contaminating protein by two sequential equilibrium-centrifugation steps in CsCl density gradients. Structural analysis of the purified glycoprotein showed two regions in the protein core: one part characterized by the presence of essentially all of the cysteine residues and another by the presence of most of the serine and threonine. Carbohydrate was found linked to the latter part. Rat (H. L. Smits, P. J. M. van Kerkhof, and M. F. Kramer (1982) Biochem. J. 203, 779-785.) and human duodenal gland mucus glycoprotein show homology in chemical composition. Both glycoproteins have a relatively high protein content and contain little sulfate and no neuraminic acid. In man the mucus glycoprotein, however, has a higher content of serine plus threonine, a lower content of N-acetylglucosamine, a slightly higher content of fucose, and a lower molar ratio of N-acetylgalactosamine relative to serine plus threonine.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

Isolation and partial characterization of rat duodenal-gland (Brunner's-gland) mucus glycoprotein.

A mucus glycoprotein was isolated from the duodenal glands of the rat and purified by repeated density-gradient centrifugation. The characterized glycoprotein is unique to the mucous cells of the duodenal glands and is not present in parts of the small intestine devoid of these glands. The chemical composition of the purified glycoprotein is characteristic for glycoproteins of the mucin-type. Its protein content is relatively high and amount to 35% by weight. No neuraminic acid and little sulphate (2%) is present. Evidence is presented that the native glycoprotein is built up from subunits held together via disulphide bridges in a non-glycosylated region of the protein core.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

The effect of cysteamine on the Brunner gland secretion in the rat.

Cysteamine in a single subcutaneous administration induces release of gastrin, acid hypersecretion, and duodenal ulcer in rats. Pentagastrin-induced acid hypersecretion has no ulcerogenic effect. The Brunner glands in the proximal duodenum have previously been shown to be an important factor in the natural defence of the duodenal mucosa, and this study has been performed to determine the effect of cysteamine and pentagastrin on the Brunner glands in the rat. The proximal duodenum was isolated in situ and drained by a polyethylene tube. The secretion was studied for two 5-h periods after administration of cysteamine or pentagastrin, and then the Brunner glands were studied histologically. Pentagastrin did not affect spontaneous Brunner gland secretion, whereas cysteamine inhibited the output approximately 50%. After cysteamine the secretory cells were low and depleted of mucus, suggesting that cysteamine interferes with the synthesis of the secretory product. The depression of the Brunner gland secretion may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulceration.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hyperplastic Brunner glands and chronical renal insufficiency (author's transl)].

Enlarged Brunner glands (EBG) are an occasional finding in upper gastro-intestinal barium studies. The clinical manifestations vague upper abdominal symptoms or bleeding are rare. Brunner gland secretion is stimulated by different stimuli but especially by secretin. In our report E.B.G. has been observed in 9/15 chronically hemodialysed patients. This uncommon frequence of E.B.G. can be related to the high blood levels of secretin found in patients with chronic renal failure. E.B.G. could explain some of the gastro-intestinal complications occuring in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Endoscopic removal of bleeding brunner gland adenoma.

A 36-year-old man had a major hematemesis because of a Brunner gland adenoma in the postbulbar portion of the duodenum. Three months later, the adenoma was successfully removed electively via endoscopic polypectomy. This is the first patient reported, to our knowledge, to have this technique for a bleeding Brunner gland adenoma. Endoscopic surgery is a relatively new development, and the technique of polypectomy has been used primarily in the colon. Surgery via upper gastrointestinal endoscopy promises to be as useful, although a somewhat different set of precautions applies.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

[Pathogenic aspects of duodenal ulcers by cysteamine. Role of the Brunner glands].

In Wistar rats, the acid factor, the peripheral dopaminergic mechanism and the role of Brunner gland (BG), in the prevention of the Cysteamine duodenal ulcer (CDU) were studied. It was found that Bromocriptine; a peripheral dopaminergic neuronal receptor agonist (DA2), produced prevention of the CDU and blocked of PAS depletion of the BG; in contrast, SCH23390, a peripheral dopaminergic vascular receptor antagonist (DA1), and SAMe, a peripheral and central antidopaminergic; induced aggravation of CDU and total depletion of the BG. In conclusion, the HCl factor, a peripheral dopaminergic mechanism and impaired Brunners gland secretion of PAS mucus, in the pathogenesis of the CDU was postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Brunner gland adenoma of the duodenum: resection through the fiberoptic endoscope.

We present a case of polypoid adenoma of the Brunner glands of the duodenum. The patient had upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Correct diagnosis of a polypoid mass in the first portion of the duodenum as the cause of bleeding was made, and the lesion was resected endoscopically via an endoscope, using a cautery snare. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of resection of a Brunner gland adenoma with endoscopy, and we hope to encourage the use of this technique for removal of polypoid lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Brunner Glands↗
PubMed1995

Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor in human Brunner's glands.

Brunner's glands (duodenal glands) in humans are located mainly in the two proximal thirds of the duodenum. They are known to produce and secrete mucin. In recent years, human Brunner's glands have also been shown to express immunoreactivity toward epidermal growth factor-urogastrone (EGF-uro) and lysozyme. These proteins are considered to have a protective function within the gastrointestinal canal. Human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) was recently identified in Brunner's glands. This present study was done by an immunohistochemical method, using monospecific polyclonal antibodies against human PSTI and human lysozyme, respectively. McManus/Alcian blue mucin staining was used to clarify the distribution of mucin. We found immunoreactive PSTI (irPSTI) in seven out of ten specimens. Lysozyme and mucin were present in all ten. While virtually all cells were stained for lysozyme and mucin, irPSTI was restricted to separate lobules and to cells in the ducts.

Brunner Glands↗
PubMed1988

Carbohydrate histochemistry of human Brunner's glands.

Brunner's glands are known to produce neutral mucins. In order to achieve a better knowledge of their carbohydrate profile, we used five peroxidase-labeled lectins on surgical specimens of human duodenum. This method allowed us to identify at least two different types of neutral mucins in Brunner's glands secretion, thus demonstrating a heterogeneous mucin production. The structure of terminal oligosaccharidic chains in these glycoproteins has also been hypothesized.

Brunner Glands↗
PubMed1980

Mucocele of a Brunner gland.

An intramural mass of the second portion of the duodenum proved to be a mucocele of a Brunner gland on excision during cholecystectomy. This entity, although rare, should be included in the differential diagnosis of duodenal mass lesions.

Brunner Glands↗
PubMed1991

Hyperplasia of Brunner glands: the spectrum of its radiographic manifestations.

Radiographic features of the duodenal mucosa were analyzed in a series of 26 patients in whom the diagnosis of Brunner gland hyperplasis (BGH) had been established by endoscopic biopsies. The observed mucosal patterns could be classified into five categories: (1) focal BGH causing a solitary submucosal adenoma or a cluster of sessile polyps in the otherwise smooth duodenal bulb surface (five cases); (2) diffuse BGH manifested by a myriad of small and uniform mucosal elevations (six cases); (3) multifocal BGH producing large and well-demarcated polygonal masses (six cases); (4) BGH with concomitant acute and/or chronic duodenitis showing marked thickening and nodularity of duodenal folds (four cases); or (5) BGH with predominant erosive duodenitis, leading to ulcerations (five cases). These radiographic findings showed a good correlation with the endoscopic and histopathologic manifestations of BGH and the frequently coexistent duodenitis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

[Adenoma of Brunner's glands].

Brunner's glands adenomas represent the 10% of the benign duodenal tumours. The most frequent site is the first portion of the duodenum, and they are extremely rare distally to the ampulla of Vater. We present two cases, one of them associated with an adenocarcinoma of the ampulla. This association has not been previously described in the literature. The transformation of an adenoma into an adenocarcinoma has neither been reported. We believe that the term hyperplasia should be used only for diffuse proliferations.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Excessive nodular hyperplasia of Brunner glands associated with gastric hypersecretion and lipomatous atrophy of the pancreas.

The case of a 34-year-old woman complaining of diarrhoea and abdominal pain is presented. Contrast radiography and endoscopy showed multiple polypoid tumours in the second part of the duodenum. Moreover, a severe fatty infiltration of the pancreas was shown by magnetic resonance and computed tomography scans. Due to pain, pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple operation) was performed, and subsequent histopathologic examinations showed excessive Brunner gland hyperplasia of the duodenum and severe lipomatous atrophy of the pancreas. The occurrence of these two rare conditions in one patient has not been described previously, and it is conceivable that the lipomatous atrophy and exocrine insufficiency of the pancreas may have caused a compensatory stimulation of the submucosal structures of the duodenum.

Adult↗