Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Bookbinding”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Lung function and exposure to paper dust in bookbinders--a pilot study.

Lung function deterioration has been reported among workers exposed to heavy exposure to paper dust (greater than 5 mg/m3). This pilot study was undertaken in order to evaluate the health effects of low exposure to paper dust (less than or equal to 1 mg/m3) in bookbinders. The study population consisted of 20 exposed subjects and 18 local office subjects. They were studied during identical conditions by means of dynamic and static spirometry, single breath wash-out with nitrogen (N2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The 90th percentile for daily average values of total dust was 0.6 mg/m3. Non-smoking exposed subjects had on the average an increase in FEV% (forced expiratory volume in one second in percentage of vital capacity) when compared to non-smoking local control subjects. We found a weak correlation between the increase in FEV% and daily average values of total dust (probably reflecting a higher exposure in the past). The results suggest that a low exposure to paper dust in bookbinders with a time of employment more than 10 years might cause a slight lung function deterioration without a clinical relevance.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Kenneth Fitzpatrick Russell: the first reader to the Gordon Craig Library.

A review of the life and achievements of Kenneth Fitzpatrick Russell, whose death in his 76th year robbed us of a civilized gentleman who was at the zenith of his creative output, would be a daunting task, if only because of the breadth of his hobbies and interests: art and medical literature; reading; sinology and seal carving; numismatics, medical philately; bookbinding, collecting bookplates; carpentry; metal work, including pewter casting and silversmithing; model ship building and cooking. Yet these various interests were simply a backdrop to his public career at the University of Melbourne and the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, where he laid the foundations of an international reputation as scholar and collector.

Australia↗
PubMed1992

Lung cancer and occupation: results of a multicentre case-control study.

The objective of the current study was to estimate the risk of lung cancer attributable to occupational factors and not due to tobacco. At 24 hospitals in nine metropolitan areas in the United States, 1793 male lung cancer cases were matched for race, age, hospital, year of interview, and cigarette smoking (never smoker, ex-smoker, smoker (1-19 and > or = 20 cigarettes per day)) to two types of controls (cancer and non-cancer hospital patients). Information on usual occupation, exposure to specific potential carcinogens, and cigarette smoking was obtained by interview. Risk of lung cancer was increased significantly for electricians; sheetmetal workers and tinsmiths; bookbinders and related printing trade workers; cranemen, derrickmen, and hoistmen; moulders, heat treaters, annealers and other heated metal workers; and construction labourers. All of these occupations are potentially exposed to known carcinogens. Odds ratios (ORs) were increased for exposure to coal dust (adjusted OR = 1.5; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.1-2.1). After stratification, this association was statistically significant only after 10 or more years of exposure. Lung cancer was also related to exposure to asbestos (adjusted OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.5-2.2). The ORs increased with increasing duration of exposure to asbestos for all smoking categories except for current smokers of 1-19 cigarettes per day. The statistical power to detect ORs among occupations that were previously reported to be at increased risk of lung cancer but that failed to show an OR of at least 1.5 in the current study was small. The cumulative population attributable risk (PAR) of lung cancer due to occupation was 9.2%. It is concluded that occupational factors play an important part in the development of lung cancer independently of cigarette smoking. Because occupations at high risk of lung cancer were under-represented, the cumulative PAR of the present study is likely to be an underestimate of the true contribution of occupation to risk of lung cancer.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1995

Cancer in printing workers in Denmark.

OBJECTIVES: To study the cancer incidence in printing workers in Denmark. METHODS: The cohort of 15,534 men and 3593 women working in the printing industry in 1970 were followed up for death, emigrations, and incident cancer cases until the end of 1987. Their cancer incidence was compared with that of all economically active people in Denmark. The smoking and drinking habits reported by members of the printing trade unions at a survey in 1972 were compared with habits reported by members of other trade unions. RESULTS: Lung, bladder, renal pelvis, and primary liver cancers were in excess among the printing workers. The excess risks of lung cancer among the factory workers in newspaper and magazine production, of bladder cancer in typographers in printing establishments, of renal pelvis cancer in typographers and lithographers, and of primary liver cancer among lithographers and bookbinders exceeded those expected based on the reported smoking and drinking habits. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate, in line with a previous study from Manchester, that work with rotary letterpress printing was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. The inconsistent results from studies on bladder cancer in printing workers may point to a risk confined to a certain subgroup. The sixfold risk of primary liver cancer in Danish lithographers warrants studies in other countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Peripheral neuropathy associated with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Peripheral neuropathy associated with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is an uncommon condition. Several recent studies have investigated the possible roles of serum proteinase inhibitors in inflammatory neuropathies, such as multiple sclerosis, Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome, and various chronic inflammatory demyelinating peripheral neuropathies. We present a case in which alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (proteinase inhibitor ZZ phenotype) was diagnosed in a young white man with clinical signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy and a history of Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome. We wish to emphasize the importance of serum protein electrophoresis in the diagnostic workup of patients presenting with the clinical manifestations of peripheral neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

In vitro phosphorylation of sea urchin sperm adenylate cyclase by cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase.

Addition of [gamma -32P]ATP to a 2% Brij-78 40,000g supernatant of sea urchin sperm results in the cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of eight to ten proteins. One phosphoprotein of Mr 190 kD is sperm adenylate cyclase (AC). An antiserum to the AC immunoprecipitates the Mr 190 kD protein. Peptide maps of immunoprecipitates show that the AC is the only phosphoprotein present in the Mr 200 kD range. With respect to the in vitro phosphorylation of AC, the endogenous kinase has a Km for ATP of 5.2 microM and is maximally stimulated by 4-8 microM cAMP. The protein kinase inhibitors H8 (9 microM) and PKI (30 U/ml) inhibit the phosphorylation of the AC. The catalytic subunit of bovine cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylates the AC on the same peptides as the endogenous protein kinase. Cyanogen bromide generated peptide maps of the phosphorylated AC show a minimum of five sites of phosphorylation. No change in the Km or Vmax of the sperm AC resulted from the additional phosphorylation by bovine kinase. Calcium ions at submicromolar concentrations completely block the in vitro phosphorylation of the AC, suggesting the presence in the preparation of a Ca2(+) -activated protein phosphatase. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the phosphorylation of an AC by cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1993

Cloning, chromosomal mapping, and expression of human fetal brain type I adenylyl cyclase.

The neural-specific calmodulin-sensitive adenylyl cyclase (type I), which was first cloned from bovine brain, has been implicated in learning and memory. The objective of this study was to clone and determine the chromosomal localization of human fetal brain type I adenylyl cyclase. A 3.8-kb cDNA clone was isolated that contained sequence coinciding with the 3' end 2553 nucleotides of the bovine open reading frame. This clone shows 87% nucleotide and 92% translated amino acid sequence identity to the bovine clone. The most significant sequence differences were in the carboxy-terminal 100 amino acid residues. This region contains one of several possible calmodulin binding domains and the only putative cAMP-dependent protein kinase A phosphorylation site. A chimera was constructed that contained the 5' half of the bovine type I adenylyl cyclase and the 3' half of the human type I adenylyl cyclase. The activity of the chimeric gene product and its sensitivity to calmodulin and calcium were indistinguishable from those of the bovine type I adenylyl cyclase. In situ hybridization was used to localize the human type I adenylyl cyclase gene to the proximal portion of the short arm of chromosome 7.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1989

Focal spinal muscular atrophy in two German shepherd pups.

Focal spinal muscular atrophy evolved rapidly in two German Shepherd pups 2 weeks after birth. By 1 month, the male and female littermates had developed a valgus deformity of the right forelimb, a flexed carpus, and arm and forearm muscle weakness and atrophy. In the male, less severe left forelimb weakness and wasting also occurred, and bilateral forelimb denervation potentials were recorded. Postmortem study of the male revealed asymmetric loss and degeneration of motoneurons in the cervical spinal cord intumescence. Degenerating neurons appeared vacuolated or chromatolytic. Chromatolysis was often peripheral and resulted from dispersion and loss of the free and attached ribosomes which normally from Nissl bodies. Although this focal neuronopathy was unlike motoneuron diseases described previously in animals, it resembled the asymmetric and unilateral, benign spinal muscular atrophies found in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Dissociation of electrophysiologic and pharmacologic stability during an abbreviated oral loading regimen of amiodarone.

Thirty-three patients treated with an abbreviated oral amiodarone loading regimen for ventricular tachycardia underwent electrophysiologic testing in the control state, after 1 week of high-dose (1170 +/- 88 mg/day) inpatient therapy; and after an 8-week intermediate (669 +/- 129 mg/day) dosing phase. Serum levels of amiodarone and desethylamiodarone were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography during follow-up electrophysiologic studies. Although the corrected sinus node recovery time, sinoatrial conduction time, and AH and HV intervals remained unchanged throughout the loading period, the sinus cycle length, Wenckebach cycle length, atrial and ventricular refractory periods, and ventricular tachycardia mean and return cycle lengths lengthened significantly by 1 week. They then remained stable for the remainder of the treatment period (control less than 1 and 8 weeks, p less than 0.05). In contrast, amiodarone and especially desethylamiodarone levels rose from 1 to 8 weeks: 1.29 +/- 0.56 to 1.97 +/- 0.90 micrograms/ml (p = 0.001) and 0.63 +/- 0.29 to 1.29 +/- 0.61 micrograms/ml (p less than 0.0001), respectively. Because this regimen produces relatively prompt electrophysiologic changes, which then stabilize, early outpatient management becomes feasible before pharmacologic steady state is attained.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

How much time do nurses spend teaching cancer patients.

As patients live longer and hospital stays grow shorter the demand for nurses to teach effectively and efficiently increases. Given the current nursing shortage, nurses have less time available to do teaching. As a result, hospitals will have to be creative in providing quality education in a cost-effective manner. A descriptive study was undertaken to establish a baseline on how much time nurses actually spend teaching. Seven to ten consecutive admissions on each inpatient unit for a total of one hundred twenty-one patients were enrolled into the study during a seven-day period. All patient/family teaching was documented until the patient was discharged or transferred. Data were collected on a total of 825 days of patient hospitalization. The average teaching time per patient per day (pppd) was 16.6 min. This teaching time amounts to 128 h a day and costs the center $2355 in nurses hourly wages each day or $859,657 per year. This study has established that nurses spend a significant amount of time teaching and has estimated its cost. It provides a baseline for making comparisons in teaching methodologies. Patient Education closed circuit television (CCTV) may be an alternative to one-on-one teaching and decrease the amount of time the nurse spends in repetitive teaching.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Introducing a music program in the perioperative area.

Music can touch patients deeply and thus transform their anxiety and stress into relaxation and healing. Patients with cancer who undergo surgical procedures are highly stressed. To help alleviate these patients' stress and improve their comfort, perioperative nurses at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, surveyed surgical patients and staff members about introducing a perioperative music program. This article reviews the literature on the use of music in perioperative care settings and describes MSKCC's decision to evaluate and then implement a music program.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of three rewarming methods in a postanesthesia care unit.

Postoperative hypothermia is problematic because patients in postanesthesia care units (PACUs) often feel very cold, and unrecognized or prolonged postoperative hypothermia can aggravate patients' underlying cardiovascular disorders. The researchers compared three methods of rewarming PACU patients who had undergone laparotomy procedures. Patients were assigned randomly to three groups. Each patient in group one received the standard PACU rewarming intervention (ie, two warmed thermal blankets and a hospital bedspread). Each patient in group two received the standard PACU rewarming intervention plus a reflective blanket. Each patient in group three received the standard PACU rewarming intervention plus a reflective blanket and a reflective head covering. Nurses measured patients' vital signs on admission to the PACU and every 15 minutes thereafter until patients' sublingual temperatures reached 36 degrees C (96.8 degrees F). No significant temperature differences occurred among patients in the three groups, but an inverse relationship existed between patients' PACU admission temperatures and the time they required to reach normothermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Implementing national standards for cancer pain management: program model and evaluation.

The purpose of this quasi-experimental (pre and posttest) study was to test a model pain management program (PMP) to implement the American Pain Society (APS) quality assurance standards for the management of acute and chronic cancer pain using a continuous quality improvement (CQI) approach to improve professionals' knowledge and skills, patient satisfaction, and to identify areas needing improvement. The sample consisted of 1210 nurse responses and 698 interviews of patients with pain during hospitalization at a major urban cancer center. The PMP provided a structure (standards), educational opportunities, and training in CQI methods. Outcome measures included a patient evaluation questionnaire and concerns checklist; nurse knowledge, attitude and barriers questionnaire; and focus groups to identify areas needing improvement. Significant improvements were found in patients' satisfaction, nurses' knowledge and attitude scores, and reductions in nurses' perceptions of barriers. Focus groups revealed the need for improved communication among disciplines about pain and better assessment of patients unable to self-report. The program met its goal of implementing the APS standards, educating nurses, and identifying "system" problems, and improving overall patient satisfaction.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1990

Identification of sea urchin sperm adenylate cyclase.

Calmodulin (CaM) affinity chromatography of a detergent extract of sea urchin sperm yielded approximately 20 major proteins. One of these proteins, of Mr 190,000, was purified and used to immunize rabbits. After absorption with living sperm, the serum reacted monospecifically on one- and two-dimensional Western immunoblots with the Mr 190,000 protein. The anti-190-kD serum inhibited 94% of the adenylate cyclase (AC) activity of the CaM eluate. An immunoaffinity column removed 95% of the AC activity, and the purified (but inactive) Mr 190,000 protein was eluted from the column. The antiserum also inhibited 23% of the activity of bovine brain CaM-sensitive AC and 90% of the activity of horse sperm CaM-sensitive AC. These data support the hypothesis that the Mr 190,000 protein is sea urchin sperm AC. Although this AC bound to CaM, it was not possible to demonstrate directly a Ca2+ or CaM sensitivity. However, two CaM antagonists, calmidazolium and chlorpromazine, both inhibited AC activity, and the inhibition was released by added CaM, suggesting the possibility of regulation of this AC by CaM. Indirect immunofluorescence showed the Mr 190,000 protein to be highly concentrated on only the proximal half of the sea urchin sperm flagellum. This asymmetric localization of AC may be important to its function in flagellar motility. This is the first report of the identification of an AC from animal spermatozoa.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗