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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Evolution in indications for blood component transfusion.

Indications for blood components are changing but continue to be based on a combination of clinical assessment and laboratory data. In the perioperative setting, some decisions must be made before laboratory data are available. To prevent the inappropriate usage of blood components, prophylactic or expectant treatment should be limited. In red cell transfusion, physiologic indices of oxygen utilization may soon supplement hemoglobin/hematocrit levels in clinical decision making. Less progress has been made in transfusion for hemostasis. Well-designed clinical studies are needed to answer remaining questions; in the interim, nationally accepted guidelines are available to assist clinicians in their decisions.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Blood component transfusion in Croatia].

Blood component therapy has been wildly accepted all over the world due to the better effects achieved in treating the patients, its safety and economy. In SRH it is replacing whole blood transfusions rather slowly as can be seen through five years of production and utilisation of blood derivatives. In 1974-1978 period a number of donations in Croatia increased to 27 per 1.000 inhabitants, but it is still very far from optimal 40-60 donations per 1.000 inhabitants. In that period the production of albumin increased 5 times, of immunoglobulins 10 times and factor VIII 10 times. In 1978 per 1.000 inhabitants, 2,1 1 of plasma were fractionated, 53 gr of albumin and 23 ml of imunoglobulins were used plus additional 6.200 units per one haemophiliac. These quantities are not sufficient to cover the needs of the health service in SRH. To overcome the shortage it is necessary to increase the number of donations, to augmant the average amount of donation to 450 ml., to increase the number of plasmapheresis and to use blood component therapy on a larger scale. Only after obtaining 10-12 1 of plasma for fractionation per 1.000 inhabitants optimal quantities of derivatives can be secured.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1992

Perioperative haemotherapy: I. Indications for blood component transfusion.

The practice of transfusion medicine has undergone substantial change over the last decade. Much of the impetus for the change has come from the isolation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the linkage of HIV transmission to blood transfusion. The purpose of this paper is to collate and review the literature relating to the indications for blood transfusion and provide recommendations for the appropriate utilization of blood products. Peer-reviewed and published studies and reviews relating to aspects of clinical blood transfusion were identified through computer searches and searching of the bibliographies of identified articles. Emphasis was placed on the literature published within the last decade and particularly in the years 1985-91. Material was chosen which was of proved clinical importance and in which findings were consistent among different investigators or different centres. Less emphasis was placed on material reporting new findings of uncertain clinical relevance or findings that were not consistent with majority reports. It is concluded that the only indication for red cell transfusion is to increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and that an adjustment downwards in the haemoglobin concentration at which blood is transfused (transfusion trigger) from the traditional level of 100 g.L-1 is supported by the physiological and clinical data. Perioperative haemoglobin concentrations of 80 g.L-1 are acceptable in otherwise healthy young patients. The transfusion trigger should be adjusted upwards from this in medically compromised patients and in the elderly (greater than 60 yr). Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is only indicated when there are documented deficiencies of coagulation factors. Platelet concentrates (PC) are indicated for the treatment of clinical coagulopathy resulting from thrombocytopaenia or platelet dysfunction. Routine or prophylactic administration of either FFP or PC after cardiopulmonary bypass or during resuscitation from haemorrhage is not indicated.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed1989

Blood component transfusion audit: a comprehensive microcomputer program.

Blood usage review is an essential aspect of hospital quality assurance. As part of a system for reviewing transfusion practices, the American Red Cross/New Jersey Blood Services has developed a series of microcomputer programs called the Blood Component Transfusion Audit. The programs use transfusion data collected on a standardized form to produce reports of utilization and analyses of transfusion practices, including the extent to which transfusions are justified by established criteria.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1989

Computer-assisted audits of blood component transfusion.

Comprehensive review of clinical blood transfusion practice at a tertiary-care medical center is complicated by the extraordinary number of patients that receive such therapy. Computer-assisted review of the key objective data used in making the decisions about transfusion is necessary to evaluate the process. Use of 15,873 units of red blood cells, 3,641 units of plasma, 2,619 pools of platelets or pheresis units, and 259 pools of cryoprecipitate was screened by comparing pre-transfusion and post-transfusion blood counts with the medical staff's evaluation criteria. On this basis, 81.4% of transfusion episodes (TEs) were considered fully justified. Medical records were selected for audit from the cases in which the transfusion decisions could not be justified by on-line information. Abstracted data subsequently justified 82 of 139 audited cases; 68.4% of the comments pertaining to the remaining 57 cases adequately explained the transfusion decision. Thus, nearly 96% of the TEs were justifiable as determined by peer review.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1978

Blood transusion: use and abuse of blood components.

Transfusion of whole blood and some blood components may result in serious or fatal complications, among which hepatitis is most frequent (20,000 to 30,000 cases and 3,000 deaths a year). Although hepatitis B virus (HB Ag) sometimes is implicated in posttransfusion hepatitis, non-A non-B. virus(es) (hepatitis "C" virus) probably accounts for most posttransfusion hepatitis. Half of all blood transfusions may be unnecessary.Responsible transfusion practice requires use of appropriate blood components for which there is adequate justification. Transfusion of red blood cells should be given as packed cells in most instances and whole blood should seldom be used.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed1992

Con: whole blood transfusions are not useful in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Data supporting fresh whole blood transfusion or fresh component therapy are nonblinded, and although both are conceptually attractive, neither can be considered proven. Recent blinded studies reflect fresh blood ineffectiveness. Larger, blinded, randomized trials will need to be performed. Proven methods of blood conservation as well as standardized criteria for transfusion of blood components will more effectively decrease homologous blood transfusion. Transfusion of fresh or banked whole blood, or its components, has yet to be shown to decrease the usage of homologous blood products.

Blood↗