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Results for “Blood Bactericidal Activity”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Whole blood bactericidal activity during treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

The timely evaluation of new drugs that can be used to shorten tuberculosis (TB) treatment will require surrogate markers for relapse. This study examined bactericidal activity against intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis in whole blood culture (whole blood bactericidal activity; WBA) during TB treatment. In the absence of chemotherapy, immune mechanisms in patient blood resulted in bacteriostasis, whereas administration of oral chemotherapy resulted in bacillary killing. Total WBA per dose was greater during the intensive phase of treatment than during the continuation phase (mean, -2.32 vs. -1.67 log(10) cfu-days, respectively; P<.001). Cumulative WBA throughout treatment was greater in subjects whose sputum cultures converted to negative by the eighth week of treatment than in those for whom conversion was delayed (mean, -365 vs. -250 log(10) cfu-days; P=.04) and correlated with the rate of decrease of sputum colony-forming unit counts during the first 4 weeks of treatment (P=.018), both of which are indicative of prognosis. These findings indicate that measurement of WBA may have a role in assessing the sterilizing activity of new anti-TB drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Sensitivity to blood bactericidal activity and hydrophobicity of Acinetobacter baumannii after treatment with imipenem].

Sensitivity to the serum bactericidal activity and surface hydrophobicity of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from the urinary (UT) or respiratory tract (RT) of patients after exposure to imipenem at subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) (1/4, 1/8 or 1/16 of their MICs) were tested. The antibiotic at the mentioned concentrations decreased significantly the sensitivity of strain UT to the bactericidal activity of human serum. Sensitivity to the bactericidal activity of serum of strain RT was affected only very ineffectively. Imipenem at 1/4 of their MICs reduced the cell surface hydrophobicity to 76.1% (strain UT) and to 81.9% (strain RT) compared with control values (without imipenem). Lower concentrations of antibiotic influenced cell surface hydrophobicity only to a smaller extent. Possible decrease in sensitivity of bacteria to the bactericidal activity of serum after treatment with imipenem in "in vivo" experiments would manifest an increase in virulence of these strains.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1980

[Blood bactericidal activity in calves].

Methodical aspects relating to determination of serum-bactericidal capacities were studied, with the view to using them to test the bearing of abiotic environmental factors on defence mechanisms against infections. Communicated are methodical experience by which to enhance the methods used to higher accuracy as well as experience regarding biological variance in calf and results obtained from follow-up checks in which antigens were systematically used. Reference is made also to other methodical issues. The method actually used to determine serum-bactericidal capacity was found to be suitable for an assessment of reactivity of infection defence in calf for its good accuracy. Follow-up checks, using antigens, will enable better assessment of the action of abiotic environmental factors on the complex defence system of calf.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Blood bactericidal activity in calves under various lighting regimes].

Reported in this paper are the effects of varying lighting regimes on serum-bactericide capacity of calves, aged between 3 and 15 weeks. The results, first of all, have shown that the serum-bactericide system is affected by visible light. The reactivity of the complex defence system is reduced by extremely short days, as compared to extremely long days, with the animals being exposed to something between 80 and 100 lx, round the clock. Extremely long days were found to have positive effects on adaptation to changing environmental conditions, but negative effects of other abiotic factors of the environment could not be offset by visible light. Substitution of artificial light for natural light did not bring about any disadvantageous effects upon immunological reactivity of calves, aged between 3 and 15 weeks, under the authors' experimental conditions. Therefore, production in windowless structures is possible without any risk, provided that the fattening animals are kept in a properly controlled artificial light regime.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Blood bactericidal activity and clinical course of 168 patients having septicemia].

The value of serum bactericidal activity (SBA) determination for assessing the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy was evaluated in a retrospective open study in 168 cases of septicemia. Outcomes in a first group (I) of 67 patients with a SBA of at least 1/4 were compared with outcomes in a second group (II) of 101 patients with a SBA below 1/4 or non-determined. Within these groups, outcomes of 37 septicemias due to Gram negative bacilli (subgroup Ia) and 22 staphylococcal septicemias (subgroup Ib) with a SBA greater than or equal to 1/4 were compared with outcomes in 26 septicemias due to Gram negative bacilli (subgroup IIa) and 22 staphylococcal septicemias (subgroup IIb) with a SBA less than 1/4. Statistical analysis of distribution of age, sex, underlying disease, biologic parameters and antibiotics given demonstrated no significant difference between the various groups. 56 patients (86.1%) recovered in group I, against 76 (79.1%) in group II; corresponding figures are 34 (91.1%) and 21 (84%) in subgroups Ia and IIa respectively. These differences are not significant (p greater than 0.05). Our findings suggest that an "effective" SBA fails to correlate with favorable outcome of septicemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

The bactericidal activity of blood platelets in patients infested with Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar.

Blood platelets participate actively in organism defensive reactions and particularity in antiparasitic immunity. Platelets stimulation can be the result of contact with a parasite, the presence of immunoglobulins, complement and lymphokines. The aim of the study was to evaluate the blood platelets bactericidal activity in the course of amoebiasis. The examination was carried out in the group of 22 patients with E. histolytica/E. dispar, diagnosed on the basis of cyst forms presence in faeces. The results show that blood platelets bactericidal activity is significantly impaired in the course of amoebiasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Periodontal function and nonspecific resistance in the dynamics of experimental hypo- and hyperthyroidism].

Morphologic study of white rat periodontal tissue and assessment of nonspecific resistance of the body by whole blood antibacterial activity, skin bactericidal activity, blood serum and mixed salivary lysozyme activity were carried out over the course of experimental hypo- and hyperthyrosis starting from day 5 to day 90. The detected pathologic changes in the periodontium were in line with the time course of nonspecific resistance of the body. In hypothyrosis an earlier depression of nonspecific resistance factors was parallelled by earlier and more marked inflammatory destructive processes in the rat periodontium as compared to that in hyperthyrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Partial myeloperoxidase deficiency in a case of preleukaemia. II. Defects of degranulation and abnormal bactericidal activity of blood neutrophils.

A patient with a refractory anaemia preceding acute myeloblastic leukaemia had an increased susceptibility to infection due to Staphylococcus aureus. 36% of neutrophils lacked myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and, in vitro, these polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) had a defect of bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Cytochemical studies of phagocytosis with the electron miscroscope have shown that the degranulation of primary granules (MPO+ or MPO-) was normal after phagocytosis of Escherichia coli which were normally lysed. A defective destruction of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans was observed in some PMN with or without MPO activity, suggesting that MPO deficiency itself was not the only cause of this defect. In PMN which appeared normal, most MPO(+) granules were unable to fuse with the phagocytic vacuole containing intact germs even after 90 min of contact. There was, therefore, in addition to a partial MPO deficiency, a defect in cellular degranulation. This defect, the mechanism of which is unknown, may be in part responsible for the defective bacterial degradation.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗