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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Student views on continuous assessment at Birmingham University Medical School.

Student opinion on the system of continuous assessment used at Birmingham Medical School was sampled by distributing questionnaires to 621 students in the first four years of the course; 482 questionnaires (78%) were returned. Many comments and criticisms of the system were received but the vast majority of students (92%) said they preferred the present style of assessment to conventional final examinations. These criticisms are discussed and recommendations are made to improve the existing scheme.

Attitude↗
PubMed1999

Technology evaluation: DISC.

Cantab is developing its DISC technology as a potential gene therapy product for cancer (DISC-Onc) and neurological and blood disorders (DISC-GT). Clinical trials are expected to commence in early 1999 [296831]. The DISC technology utilizes a herpes virus that has had a gene removed to prevent it from replicating [250526]. Phase I trials in leukemia were scheduled to commence in 1998 [250526], however, it was decided that although DISC-Onc is capable of carrying genes into leukemic cells, the levels of immunomodulator genes did not meet the target initially set for the commencement of trials. Hence, Cantab turned its attention to other cancers, and hoped to identify an alternative target for phase I trials in the first half of 1998 [279798]. Additional preclinical work using a murine version of the lead construct produced a significant therapeutic effect in animal tumor models [289716]. DISC-Onc is envisaged to deliver immunogenic genes such as cytokine or stimulatory protein genes [275129]. Cantab, in collaboration with Nottingham Trent University and Birmingham University, has shown that the DISC-Onc has delivered genes effectively to human colorectal, gastric and ovarian cancer tumors. Transfection rates have been shown to be favorable and have been proven to be at least as good as, if not better than, other vectors [279798]. Also, DISC-Onc carrying a functional GM-CSF, has antitumor activity in mouse models of renal cancer and leukemia [250526], [261768]. The DISC Neurology technology (DISC-GT), for gene therapy of neurological disease, is being developed in collaboration with Cambridge University, and enables HSV-driven long-term gene expression in nerve cells [279798].

Biotechnology↗
PubMed2000

Limitations, frustrations and opportunities: a follow-up study of nursing graduates from the University of Birmingham, England.

This paper reports an ongoing study of the progress of nursing graduates from the University of Birmingham, England. The aim of the research was to follow-up early graduates from the programme, to assess their progress and study feedback indicators that could help further the development of this relatively new programme. The study also aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge about United Kingdom nursing graduates, following the recent shift of nurse education from Schools/Colleges of Nursing into universities. Due to objection from some quarters as to the value of a university education for nurses, even such a small-scale study is considered to be important. A questionnaire was sent to the first three cohorts of graduates. It revealed interesting findings in relation to work patterns, continuing professional and academic development and perceptions of the value of the degree in practice. The graduates made recommendations regarding changes that might enhance the quality of the Birmingham degree and nursing practice generally.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Removal of miniplates in maxillofacial surgery: University Hospital Birmingham experience.

PURPOSE: We sought to study the incidence and causes of removal of osteosynthesis miniplates (plates) in oral and maxillofacial surgery in a single unit over a 13-month period and to identify factors associated with plate removal. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 172 patients attending the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham, between November 1, 1998, and November 30, 1999, in whom maxillofacial osteosynthesis plates were inserted or removed. Not all patients who had plates removed had them inserted within the same time frame. RESULTS: During a period of 13 months (November 1, 1998, through November 30, 1999), 308 plates were inserted into 153 patients. During the same period, 51 plates were removed from 28 patients, of whom 9 underwent plate insertion and subsequent removal of 25 plates within the time period of the study. Thirty-four (67%) of the plates removed from 20 patients were symptomatic. Infection was the most common cause for removal, occurring in 14 patients (50% of patients who had plates removed) and accounting for 22 plates (43% of plates removed). Symptoms relating to plates necessitating removal occurred in the first year after insertion in 15 patients (53%), accounting for 21 plates. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience with the removal of miniplates is comparable with that of previous studies. Plate-related problems leading to removal are more likely to occur within the first year after insertion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Community-based clinical education at the University of Birmingham Medical School.

Throughout the United Kingdom, medical schools have begun to make significant changes in the content and delivery of their undergraduate curricula in response to a number of social and educational forces. In particular, many schools have begun to focus increasingly on community-based education. This and other changes mirror developments that have taken place in other countries and in the context of other health care systems, with such forerunners as Harvard, Maastricht, and McMaster having had a fundamental influence. In this article, the authors describe the forces for curricular change in the United Kingdom and the specific recommendations for change made by the General Medical Council. They then discuss in detail the new curriculum at the University of Birmingham medical school, focusing in particular on a community medicine module, where students spend ten days per academic year learning in general medical practices in and around the city of Birmingham.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed2005

Results of the centralisation of adult emergency oral and maxillofacial surgical services at the University Hospital, Birmingham.

In 2001, the oral and maxillofacial surgical (OMFS) services for adults in Birmingham were centralised at the Selly Oak site of the University Hospital and the OMFS department was given access to the emergency operating theatre every day. We examined the effects of this on the emergency workload during the 6 months after centralisation and compared it with the emergency workload at the University Hospital during the 6 months before centralisation. The number of adult patients who attended the University Hospital as emergencies increased from 242 in the 6 months before centralisation to 545 in the subsequent 6 months (an increase of 127%). Of the latter 164 (30%) were admitted and operated on, 138 (84%) within 24h of admission. Despite the large increase in the number of patients, 102 (74%) were operated on during normal working hours. After centralisation, all operations were done on multidisciplinary emergency lists compared with only 55% before centralisation. Centralisation did not reduce the access of patients to the emergency service and conformed with the guidelines of the National Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Deaths (NCEPOD).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Ametropia and ocular biometry in a U.K. university student population.

PURPOSE: The prevalence of myopia is known to vary with age, ethnicity, level of education, and socioeconomic status, with a high prevalence reported in university students and in people from East Asian countries. This study determines the prevalence of ametropia in a mixed ethnicity U.K. university student population and compares associated ocular biometric measures. METHODS: Refractive error and related ocular component data were collected on 373 first-year U.K. undergraduate students (mean age = 19.55 years +/- 2.99, range = 17-30 years) at the start of the academic year at Aston University, Birmingham, and the University of Bradford, West Yorkshire. The ethnic variation of the students was as follows: white 38.9%, British Asian 58.2%, Chinese 2.1%, and black 0.8%. Noncycloplegic refractive error was measured with an infrared open-field autorefractor, the Shin-Nippon NVision-K 5001 (Shin Nippon, Ryusyo Industrial Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan). Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent (MSE) less than or equal to -0.50 D. Hyperopia was defined as an MSE greater than or equal to +0.50 D. Axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were measured using the Zeiss IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss, Jena, GmBH). RESULTS: The analysis was carried out only for white and British Asian groups. The overall distribution of refractive error exhibited leptokurtosis, and prevalence levels were similar for white and British Asian (the predominant ethnic group) students across each ametropic group: myopia (50% vs. 53.4%), hyperopia (18.8% vs. 17.3%), and emmetropia (31.2% vs. 29.3%). There were no significant differences in the distribution of ametropia and biometric components between white and British Asian samples. CONCLUSION: The absence of a significant difference in refractive error and ocular components between white and British Asian students exposed to the same educational system is of interest. However, it is clear that a further study incorporating formal epidemiologic methods of analysis is required to address adequately the recent proposal that juvenile myopia develops principally from "myopiagenic" environments and is relatively independent of ethnicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Electron microscopy of materials at the University of Birmingham.

The School of Metallurgy and Materials has traditionally put transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the forefront of its research interests and, through support from SERC and from the university, has always had the facility to carry out state of the art electron microscopy of materials. In this brief review some of the topics where TEM has played a central role in recent work in Birmingham will be described so that it will be seen just how central to the work in Birmingham TEM has been.

Alloys↗