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Results for “Benzyl Compounds”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Correlation of thermodynamic activity and vapour diffusion through human skin for the model compound, benzyl alcohol.

This work tested the potential for predicting percutaneous absorption rates of a volatile penetrant from any vehicle by using thermodynamic activity measurements. Benzyl alcohol was chosen as a non-ideal, hydrogen bonding, volatile model penetrant. A manual headspace gas chromatography method measured benzyl alcohol vapour concentrations and thermodynamic activities above binary mixtures with vehicles: butanol, butyl acetate, isopropyl myristate, isophorone, toluene and propylene carbonate. Benzyl alcohol vapour diffusion through human, abdominal skin was also measured in-vitro for these mixtures. The benzyl alcohol vapour flux was linearly related to the activity, suggesting that percutaneous absorption is controlled by thermodynamic activity when the vehicle has no effect on the stratum corneum barrier.

Benzyl Alcohol↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition of carcinogenic effects of polycyclic hydrocarbons by benzyl isothiocyanate and related compounds.

Benzyl isothiocyanate and phenethyl isothiocyanate, two compounds found in cruciferous plants, and phenyl isothiocyanate, a synthetic compound, all inhibit 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (CMBA)-induced mammary tumor formation in female Sprague-Dawley rats when administered 4 hours prior to the DMBA. Comparable studies in which benzyl isothiocyanate was administered 24 hours before or 4 hours after DMBA showed almost complete loss of inhibition. Additions of benzyl isothiocyanate or phenethyl isothiocyanate to a diet containing CMBA inhibited formation of neoplasms of the forestomach and pulmonary adenomas in female ICR/Ha mice. Addition of benzyl isothiocyanate to a diet containing benzo[a]pyrene also inhibited carcinogenesis of the mouse forestomach due to this carcinogen. The finding of two additional anutrient dietary compounds which inhibit chemical carcinogenesis focuses on the possibility that dietary constituents of this nature may diminish the impact of exposures to chemical carcinogens.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1986

2,4-Dichlorobenzyl thiocyanate, an antimitotic agent that alters microtubule morphology.

A compound of simple structure, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl thiocyanate (DCBT), is an antimitotic agent with a number of unusual properties. The drug causes an extreme reorganization of microtubules in cells in culture. Most normal microtubules disappear, and remaining tubulin-containing structures appear to be bundled or aggregated. DCBT irreversibly inhibits in vitro polymerization of purified tubulin, but only after a prolonged preincubation of the protein with the drug. Binding of radiolabeled DCBT to tubulin similarly requires a long incubation time, with the reaction not being complete even after 6 hr at 37 degrees C. A specific interaction with tubulin is also shown by the crossresistance to DCBT of Colcemid-resistant cells with an altered beta-tubulin. A human KB carcinoma cell line and a Chinese hamster ovary cell line selected for crossresistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents, including most antimitotic drugs, are sensitive to DCBT. Initial structure-function studies have demonstrated weak antimitotic and antitubulin activity with the parent compound benzyl thiocyanate. Chlorination at either position 2 or position 4 of the phenyl ring produces compounds of intermediate activity (4-chlorobenzyl thiocyanate is more active than 2-chlorobenzyl thiocyanate). The thiocyanate moiety appears to be essential for activity.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of separated forms of phosphodiesterases from pig coronary arteries by uracils and by 7-substituted derivatives of 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine.

A series of 7-substituted 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthines was designed in an attempt to increade the specificity of the 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine (MIX) structure for one of the two cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase peaks isolated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography of the soluble fraction of the intima + media layer of pig coronary arteries. A series of 1,3-dialkyluracils was of low potency as inhibitors of either peak I or peak II. The 7-substituted xanthines were prepared by alkylation of MIX with the corresponding alkyl or aralkyl halide in DMF containing K2CO3. These compounds were, in general, much less potent inhibitors of peak II activity than was MIX, but some of them retained the potency of MIX as inhibitors of peak I and, therefore, were relatively specific for inhibition of peak I. 7-Bzl-MIX was the most selective compound tested; it was a potent inhibitor of peak I activity but was much less effective as an inhibitor of peak II activity. Substitution of either electron-withdrawing (nitro) or electron-donating (methoxy) groups on the 7-benzyl moiety reduced the effectiveness of the 7-benzyl compounds as inhibitors of peak I. Chlorobenzyl substitution increased the potency slightly over the benzyl but not the selectivity between peaks.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1991

Radioiodination and biodistribution of analogs of a calichemicin constituent.

Analogs of the aromatic constituent of calichemicins were labeled with 131I by exchange reactions. Radiochemical yield for methyl-4-hydroxy-5-iodo-2,3-dimethoxy-6-methylbenzoate was approx. 90%. For methyl-4-benzyloxy-2-hydroxy-3-iodo-6-methylbenzoate the yield was about 30%. Biodistribution studies were carried out in mice following intravenous administration of tracer doses. Average brain uptake of the first compound at 3 min was 0.28%, and that of the second 1.96%. Tissue distribution of the two compounds elsewhere was similar in nature. High uptake was observed initially in the liver; this reduced with time, while radioactivity in the GI-tract increased. The benzylated compound appeared potentially useful for designing a brain imaging radiopharmaceutical.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Structure-anorectic activity relationships in substituted phenethylamines.

A series of phenylisopropylamine derivatives are compared with the correspondent beta-methoxy- and beta-hydroxy-phenethylamine compounds. Unlike amphetamine, the beta-methoxy phenethylamine has no anorectic activity. This property appears only with the introduction of a CF3 group on the benzene nucleus. The racemic N-alkyl derivatives are more active than the racemic or even the levorotatory N-benzyl compound. The beta-hydroxy-phenethylamines are devoid of anorectic activity.

Animals↗