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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Intravascular monitoring via the axillary artery.

Axillary artery cannulation was performed in 31 patients in whom the radial arteries were unavailable or unsuitable for cannulation. The artery was first cannulated with an 18-gauge needle, after which a Seldinger guide wire (0.032-inch diameter) was passed, which was used to introduce a 6-inch, 18-gauge Teflon catheter. The mean duration of cannulation was 3.2 days (range 19 hours to 8 days). All patients were assessed for complications of the procedure up to 72 hours after decannulation. No serious complications were encountered. It is concluded that the axillary artery is a safe alternative in the absence of an available radial artery when arterial cannulation is indicated.

Axillary Artery↗
PubMed1989

Obliteration of the axillary artery after axillary block.

A case of total obliteration of the axillary artery after axillary block is presented. This resulted from an accidental intramural injection of local anaesthetic (mepivacaine 1%, 40 ml, with adrenaline 1:200,000). Axillary block was performed using the loss of resistance technique with a blunt needle (45 degrees bevel). The diagnosis was made by palpation of the peripheral pulse and by comparison between the skin temperatures of each arm. The thrombosed part of the artery was successfully reconstructed with an autologous saphenous vein graft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Abdominal part artery of axillary artery: proposed term for the artery supplying the abdominal part of the musculus pectoralis major.

In 1976, the authors reported that the abdominal part artery (Pab) supplying the abdominal part of the pectoralis major muscle usually originates from the axillary artery (Ax). The findings in the present study show that the type of origin of this artery most frequently encountered is type 2-a (44.0%) in which the Pab, as an independent branch (type a), branches out of the second part of the Ax (type 2). The second and third most frequently encountered types are type 2-b (17.0%), where the Pab has a common trunk with the thoracoacromial artery, and type 2-c (10.0%), where it has a common trunk with the lateral thoracic artery. By classification according to the supplying areas, 67% was type I-B, supplying the lower part of the pectoralis minor muscle and the abdominal part of the muscle. In 5%, the branch as type I-A courses down to the sternocostal part. In most cases (types A and B in 91%), this artery originates from the Ax proximal to the ansa mediana of the brachial plexus; however, in 4% providing the superficial brachial artery, the Pab branches out from the superficial brachial artery. Based on those findings, the authors would propose that the artery be named the arteria partis abdominalis or Pab.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Examination of the courses of the arteries in the axillary region. II. The course of the axillary artery in the case of Adachi's C-type brachial plexus].

Müller (1904) stated that the axillary artery in the case of Adachi's C-type brachial plexus (AxC) might be derived from the 9th segmental artery. Yamada (1967) named a type of the subscapular artery (Sbs) "the superficial subscapular artery" which arose from the normal axillary artery (Ax), crossed over the medial cord of the brachial plexus and then gave off the lateral thoracic artery (TL). He considered that it might be derived from TL and develop to form AxC by compensating the less developed normal Ax. We reexamined the courses of Sbs and Ax and distinguished three types (S-, I-, and P-type) of Sbs according to their origin and course. Then we stated that the mechanism of formation of Sbs variations could be explained by the combination between the three stem parts and the common peripheral arterial network (Sbs system) (Aizawa et al. 1995). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to justify the validity of Müller (1904) and Yamada (1967) and to clarify the origin of AxC by applying the concept of Sbs system. The materials were 15 cases of AxC and 7 cases of incomplete AxC (AxC). The results were as follows. 1) The course of AxC was divided into four parts. 2) Two types of AxC were discerned according to the course against the nerve bundle communicating from the medial cord to the radial nerve (FM-R). They are the type-1 AxC which does not pass between the FM-R and the radial nerve, and the type-2 AxC which dose pass between them. 3) The first part included the branching points of the thoracoacromial artery in all cases and the superior superficial brachial artery (BSS) in 8 cases. The BSS passed between C7 and C8 of the roots of Ansa pectoralis (50%) in about the same manner as BSS from the normal axillary artery (Ax). On the other hand, the point where Ax or AxC penetrated the ventral stratum of the brachial plexus was examined in 156 cases. The data except those of the AxC cases displayed a symmetrical distribution having a sharp peak in C7-C8 (79.5%) and were not compatible with the incidence of AxC penetrating lower than Th1 (7.7%). Therefore, it was difficult to conclude that the first part of AxC was derived from the 9th segmental artery. 4) The second part crossed over the medial cord and gave off TL in almost all the cases. Therefore, this part was considered to include the S-point where the S-type Sbs system (Yamada's superficial subscapular artery) arose and to be derived from TL. 5) From the S-point, while the S-type Sbs system immediately ran down to the deep region of the axilla, AxC traversed the axilla passing in front of the thoracodorsal nerve to reach the point where AxC was sandwiched between the ventral and the dorsal stratum of the brachial plexus. Therefore, the following course from the S-point of AxC (the third part) was different from that of the S-type Sbs system. From the third part of AxC, the I-type Sbs system arose in 15 cases, and both the subscapular branch (RS: *) and the branch to the coracobrachial muscle (CB) were often given off. They were the same branches as those which arose from the I-point of normal Ax, and type-2 AxC passed between FM-R and the radial nerve in this part. Therefore, it was considered that the third part included the I-point of the normal Ax and, moreover, AxC recovered the normal course of Ax at the I-point. 6) The fourth part of AxC included the P-point where the P-type Sbs system branched off from AxC in 7 cases. The course of the fourth part of AxC had exactly the same course as that of normal Ax. 7) It was elucidated that the first part, the distal half of the third part, and the fourth part of AxC were exactly the same as normal Ax, the second part was derived from TL, and the proximal half of the third part from the S-point to the I-point was unique in AxC. Recently, however, the reverse course of the unique part of AxC has appeared as the deep lateral thoracic artery (TLp) (Aizawa et al. 1995) in rare cases. 8) In co

Axillary Artery↗
PubMed2001

Bilateral case of superficial ulnar artery originating from axillary artery.

During the dissection of an 86-year-old male human cadaver, superficial ulnar arteries were found in both upper limbs. These arteries branched from the axillary arteries. In the left arm, the artery crossed ventral to the medial root of the median nerve before running towards the medial part of the arm. The persistence of the median artery was noted. In the right arm, the ulnar artery had a common origin with the subscapular artery. It crossed anterior to the lateral root of the median nerve and then, in the arm, ran alongside the anterolateral aspect of the median nerve, near the biceps brachii muscle, which was supplied by this superficial ulnar artery. Then the artery crossed the median nerve and the brachial artery. The embryology, incidence and clinical relevance of this anatomical variation are discussed. So this was a rare case where the ulnar arteries originated from the axillary artery on both sides, but then followed different courses in the arm and, on the right side, the superficial ulnar artery partly supplied the biceps brachii muscle.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Anterior chest wall axillary artery to contralateral axillary vein graft for vascular access in hemodialysis.

Patients with end-stage renal failure and peripheral vascular disease pose a difficult management problem in establishing long-term angioaccess for hemodialysis. In 4 patients with access problems, we created axillary artery to contralateral axillary vein Goretex grafts. The grafts were cannulated regularly for periods ranging from 29 to 66 months without difficulty. There was one episode of thrombosis and one of congestive heart failure. The mean venous pressure was 120 mm Hg with a mean arterial flow of 220 ml/min. This type of vascular access can provide adequate blood flow in difficult patients and maintain efficient dialysis. It should be a useful addition to the armamentarium of the vascular surgeon.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Modification of repeat lateral minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass; left axillary artery to circumflex artery bypass].

A 69-year-old man underwent triple coronary artery bypass graftings [LITA (left internal thoracic artery)-LAD (left anterior descending artery), SVG (saphenous vein graft)-PD (postac-descending artery), SVG-PL (postero-lateral artery)] 11 years previously. Recently, angina pectoris occurred due to the graft disease of SVG-PL. A repeat modified lateral minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) [left axillary artery-PL using SVG] was performed. The left axillary artery was chosen as inflow vessel for coronary artery bypass graft because of the difficult descending aorta and patent LITA-LAD. Postoperative course was uneventful. The left axillary artery to circumflex artery bypass could be one of the option of the lateral MIDCAB.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

A successful right axillary artery graft to repair a ruptured axillary artery due to the involvement of lymphoma: report of a case.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a very common, highly invasive lymphoma, which typically presents as a rapidly enlarging symptomatic mass with local compression of vessels or airways, and often is involved with the peripheral nerves and the destruction of bone. Vascular invasion is extremely rare. We herein describe the case of a successfully treated 42-year-old man who presented with massive bleeding due to a rupture of the axillary artery and vein involvement due to lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

An unusual course and relations of the human axillary artery.

The axillary artery was studied by dissection of 50 human cadavers over a two-year period. Except in one instance, the course and relations of the axillary artery of all the other cadavers conformed to the normal description found in standard textbooks of Anatomy. In the exceptional cadaver, the axillary artery of the right side showed two unique features: (1) it pursued a tortuous course and made two sharp bends, and (2) it was situated superficial, rather than deep to, the pectoralis minor muscle. Its branches and relationship to the brachial plexus were also altered. On the left side, the artery was not tortuous but was also situated in front of the pectoralis minor. The present observation has several implications: (1) such a configuration of the artery would render it more prone to kinking and hence compression; (2) surgically, it might make axillary block of the brachial plexus and block dissection of the axillary lymph nodes during radical mastectomy more difficult; (3) it is at risk during infraclavicular percutaneous cannulation of the subclavian vein for a central line insertion or for insertion of a subclavian cannula for haemodialysis.

Axillary Artery↗
PubMed2001

Axillary artery pseudoaneurysm.

Axillary artery aneurysms are extremely rare. We report a case of an axillary artery aneurysm in a keen rugby player who had previous internal fixation of the shoulder for recurrent dislocation.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMed1998

Arterial inflow via an axillary artery graft for the severely atheromatous aorta.

BACKGROUND: Strategy for severe aortic atheromatous disease identified by intraoperative epiaortic ultrasound remains to be determined. We used axillary artery inflow through graft interposition in an attempt to avoid potential embolization. METHODS: Between July 1995 and June 1997, axillary artery inflow was used in 29 patients. Procedures performed were coronary artery bypass in 21 patients (3 with combined carotid endarterectomy), aortic valve replacement in 2, valve replacement plus coronary artery bypass in 4, atrial septal defect repair in 1, and arch replacement in 1 patient. Fibrillatory arrest was used in 16 patients and circulatory arrest was used in 16 patients for excision of mobile atheroma or arch reconstruction. Antegrade cerebral perfusion through the axillary artery graft was carried out in 11 patients. RESULTS: There were no brachial neurovascular complications. Two operative deaths occurred. Two patients had operative strokes and 2 more had postoperative stroke, all with resolution at late follow-up. There were no strokes in the subset of patients who had antegrade cerebral perfusion during circulatory arrest. CONCLUSION: The axillary artery is an excellent site for arterial inflow. Furthermore, antegrade cerebral perfusion is easily accomplished during periods of circulatory arrest. Finally, graft placement avoids potential local neurovascular complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Origin of the radial artery from the axillary artery and associated hand vascular anomalies.

A high origin of the radial artery is the most common vascular pattern variation of the upper extremity in man and is capable of causing various clinical concerns. The case presented had bilateral high origin arteries arising in the axilla, which were associated with variations in hand vascularity. This article describes the embryonic origin of these vessels and distinguishes this case from the superficial brachial artery.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Axillary arterial monitoring.

Axillary arterial catheterization for intraoperative and postoperative monitoring was successful in 90% of 87 attempts. Complications occurred in nine patients; there were eight hematomas, one of which was extensive. In the ninth patient, radial pulsations disappeared but returned after the catheter was withdrawn. There were no sequelae in any of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The superficial ulnar artery originating from the axillary artery.

An anomalous superficial ulnar artery was found during anatomical dissection in the right arm of an 83-year-old Japanese woman. It originated in the axillary artery, crossed over the median nerve, coursed ventral to the median nerve and the brachial artery, but superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis and the flexor muscles. At the palm it formed the superficial and deep palmar arches together with the branches of the radial artery. The brachial artery divided into the radial and common interosseous arteries in the cubital fossa.

Aged↗