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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Vitamin A absorption in ascariasis.

Vitamin A absorption was studied in a group of 28 adult patients with ascariasis and 12 healthy adult controls, using a simplified vitamin A absorption test. In over 70% of the patients with ascariasis malabsorption of vitamin A was demonstrated. Stool egg counts for ascaris were not related to the degree of vitamin A malabsorption. Of the 23 patients in whom a D-xylose absorption test was performed, seven showed excretion less than 20% in 5 hr. Immediately after expulsion of the worms, vitamin A absorption improved in 13 out of 14 patients tested (in nine to normal level). The results of this study suggest that ascariasis in populations on marginal intakes of vitamin A and its precursors is an important contributing factor in producing clinical vitamin A deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Malabsorption of water miscible vitamin A in children with giardiasis and ascariasis.

Vitamin A absorption was studied using a water-miscible oral preparation of vitamin A in 19 children ages 1 1/2 to 9 years old with giardiasis and/or ascariasis, both before and after their eradication with appropriate therapy, and in three children without parasites. Marked impairment of vitamin A absorption was noted when administered in a water miscible form in children with 1) combined infection with Giardia lamblia and Ascaris lumbricoides, 2) giardiasis alone, and 3) in a proportion of children with ascariasis alone. In children with both giardiasis and ascarasis eradication of the infections promptly lead to a significant improvement in vitamin A absorption and restored it to normal. Children with giardiasis alone also showed improved vitamin A absorption after therapy. In children with ascariasis alone successful therpay did not lead to a statistically significant improvement.

Ascariasis↗
PubMed1979

Ascariasis and malnutrition. A study in urban Ethiopian children.

Treatment of 13 urban Ethiopian children with mild ascariasis did not produce any evidence of improved intestinal morphology and absorption or nutritional status. Ascariasis treatment had no impact on anthropometric measures in an additional study group of 84 children. A review of the literature reveals that the nutritional consequences of ascariasis are uncertain.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1976

A case of common bile duct ascariasis diagnosed by duodenoscopy.

A case of common bile duct ascariasis diagnosed by duodenoscopy is presented. At the admission, the patient, cholecystectomized for gallstones 13 years before, had been complaining of epigastric pain associated with post-prandial and nocturnal vomiting. Physical examination showed only slight tenderness in the epigastrium. Laboratory findings were within normal limits, with the exception of a moderate leukocytosis. Intravenous cholangiography showed the lack of visualization of the terminal common bile duct, but the flow of contrast medium was normal. Duodenoscopy, carried out without a specific clinical suspicion, revealed an ascaris lumbricoides inserted in the common bile duct and partially protruding from the papilla Vateri. The patient was treated by piperazine, intravenous fluids, antibiotics and a choleretic compound. After 24 hours an ascaris 33 cm long was excreted in the faeces and the patient became symptom-free. Some pathophysiological, clinical and epidemiological aspects of biliary ascariasis are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Pulmonary ascariasis in tropical communities.

To determine the incidence of Loeffler's syndrome in a tropical region, a survey was conducted over a 1-year period in two locations in Colombia, South America, one inland and urban (Cali), the other rural and coastal (Guapi). Among 700 hospitalized patients, 12,000 patients coming to health centers, and 44 families with 328 members, 4 cases of Loeffler's syndrome were found--3 during the survey and 1 before it began. Only one was typical and of some severity. None of the family members developed a perceptible reaction to larvae, though surveillance was close and 83 new intestinal infections were documented. Infection rates for intestinal ascariasis were 25% to 30% in Cali, and 80% to 90% in Guapi. When infections in 30 families were eliminated, previous levels of infection were reached within 10 months. When undisturbed by treatment, the levels of intestinal infection remained stable or showed fluctuations which were not linked to climatic changes. In view of the high prevalence of infection and year-round transmission, which was assumed to occur frequently in the population, it is noteworthy that symptomatic pulmonary ascariasis appeared to be rare and complications from adult worms in heavy infections were uncommon. The findings suggest that frequent and uninterrupted contact between Ascaris lumbricoides and its host results in a high degree of natural tolerance and control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Levamisole in ascariasis. A multicenter controlled evaluation.

An analysis is presented of 10 clinical studies from various countries where levamisole 50--150 mg was compared to pyrantel, piperazine, and placebo in a total of 1,734 patients, mostly children (levamisole: 830, controls: 904), suffering from ascariasis either as a single infection or usually mixed with other nematode infections. Degree of infection and efficacy of treatment were determined by quantitative coproparasitological methods. Levamisole produced higher cure rates (91%) and egg reduction rates (98%) than pyrantel, piperazine, or placebo. The efficacy of levamisole was unrelated to the patients' sex and age, the severity of infection, the presence of another worm infection, the type of associated worm infections, or the egg-counting technique. The overall incidence of reported adverse reactions was lower after levamisole than after piperazine, pyrantel or placebo; abdominal pain and headache, the most frequent complaints after levamisole, were related to the initial severity of ascariasis. Follow-up examinations 6 months after treatment suggested that levamisole might delay reinfection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pulmonary ascariasis.

A case of pulmonary ascariasis is reported for the first time in Australia. Because of increasing immigration from countries which have a high incidence of ascariasis (especially those of South-East Asia), and increasing travel to Asian countries, the awareness of this infestation as a cause of respiratory disease may be of great importance.

Ascariasis↗
PubMed1975

Absorption of vitamin A in children with ascariasis.

Absorption of labelled vitamin A was studied in normal children and in children with round-worm infestation. Absorption of the vitamin was significantly low in children with ascariasis. In two subjects, in whom the studies were repeated, absorption of vitamin A was significantly increased after antihelminthic treatment. These results suggest that ascariasis may aggravate vitamin A deficiency by interfering with the absorption of the vitamin.

Acetates↗
PubMed1992

[Ascariasis of the gallbladder. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature].

Two patients who complained of a clinical picture compatible with cholelithiasis; and in whom the diagnosis of ascariasis of the gallbladder was made sonographically, are reported. In the first patient, cholecystectomy was curative and corroborated the presence of the roundworm. In the second patient, piperazine citrate was given. A second sonogram performed after therapy showed no roundworm within the gallbladder; and the patient remains asymptomatic until now. The usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of gallbladder ascariasis, and during surveillance in those patients who are managed with medical therapy only, is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A case of massive ascariasis in the riverside sector of the Riñihue lake, Chile].

A case of massive ascariasis in a three and a half years old girl who eliminated 104 worms after treatment with mebendazole is reported from a riverside sector of Riñihue Lake, Chile. Chilean literature about intestinal massive ascariasis is reviewed. Worms showed 12-29 cm of length and 0.2-5.5 g of weight. Total worms weighted 155.8 g.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Mass control of ascariasis with single oral doses of levamisole. A controlled comparison in 3,056 subjects between three incomplete population coverages.

Ninety-, 60-, and 40-percent population coverages with levamisole 2.5 mg/kg of body weight were compared for their effects on Ascaris lumbricoides, ancylostoma, Strongyloides stercoralis, and Trichuris trichiura infections. They were shown to be effective in maintaining a reduced prevalence of A. lumbricoides in the treated subjects for 9, 6, and 3 months, respectively. Nine months after treatment, the prevalence of ascariasis was still lower than before treatment both in the levamisole and in the control subjects, regardless of the population coverage. This was probably because the egg output had been reduced. It is concluded that mass treatment with single oral doses of levamisole repeated at 3-month intervals might help control ascariasis, and that population coverages between 60 and 90% might be appropriate. No clear-cut effects against hookworms could be shown, possibly because the first follow-up examinations were performed three months after treatment. No changes in the prevalence of S. stercoralis and T. trichiura could be demonstrated. There were no adverse exp

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Clinical trial of levamisole in the treatment of ascariasis in Khorasan, Iran.

This paper identifies the parasitic infections and their incidence in 246 people aged between 10--20 years living in a semi-rural Iranian village. 64 patients with ascariasis were treated with levamisole ('Ketrax' ICI) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Most were followed up 1 and 2 weeks after treatment, with cure rate of 97.7% and 98.4% respectively, as assessed by negative egg findings in faeces. No side effects were reported. Levamisole meets the requirements of individual and mass treatment of ascariasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Biliary lithiasis associated with ascariasis in a Nigerian woman.

We report the occurrence of gallstones and intrahepatic stones in association with ascarid invasion of the biliary tract in a 51-year-old Nigerian woman. Although biliary stones are known to be caused by products of Ascaris worms, no etiological association was demonstrable in this case. Invasion of the biliary tract by Ascaris worms is reported as rare in our environment where intestinal ascariasis is extremely common. It is suggested that the rarity is apparent rather than real and that it is important to bear this condition in mind in view of modern rapid migration of populations.

Ascariasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sonographic findings in gallbladder ascariasis.

Invasion of the adult roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, into the gallbladder is rare and was seen in 14(2.1%) of the 665 cases with hepatobiliary ascariasis. The diagnosis was suggested in all 13 cases in which sonography was performed and in 5 of the 11 cases at endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. Sonographic findings included a nonshadowing, long, echogenic structure in the form of a coil, an echogenic strip with central anechoic tube, an echogenic structure extending across the gallbladder giving it a septate appearance, and characteristic erratic, nondirectional, zig-zag movements of these echogenic structures in the gallbladder. Serial sonograms accurately predicted spontaneous exit of the worm. Pregnancy and anomalous origin of the cystic duct directly from the papilla of Vater facilitated worm invasion into the gallbladder. We conclude that real-time sonography offers a simple, rapid approach for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients, whereas endoscopic retrograde cholangiography has limited diagnostic value in this disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Ascariasis of the gastrointestinal tract.

The radiographic findings and complications of Ascaris lumbricoides infection of the gastrointestinal tract are presented. Since the clinical symptoms of ascariasis are usually vague or nonspecific, the radiologist may be in a position to play a major role in the proper diagnosis of this disease.

Ascariasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biliary ascariasis: surgical aspects.

Presentation and management of 204 patients with biliary ascariasis seen over a period of 5 years is reported from a highly endemic area of Kashmir. Ultrasonography is the single most useful means of diagnosis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is extremely helpful. Most patients respond to conservative management and around one-fifth of all patients require surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Intestinal perforation in ascariasis--case reports.

Two cases of intestinal perforation in association with ascariasis are described. In both cases adult ascarids were found either in the gut or lying free in the peritoneal cavity. Neither patient had typhoid fever, one had Hodgkin's lymphoma. The authors believe that the perforation were directly caused by the ascarids. Both patients died.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Parotid enlargement, forehead edema, and suppression of malaria as nutritional consequences of ascariasis.

Bilateral painless enlargement of the parotids, a curiously localized edema of the forehead and relative freedom from malaria were striking findings in children of Anjouan but not of Grande Comore, two neighboring islands of the Comorro group in the Indian Ocean. Compared with those of Grande Comore, Anjouan children were heavily infested with Ascaris lumbricoides. We suggest that the clinical findings may be the nutritional consequence of severe ascariasis and that the low incidence of malaria in Anjouan children may be an example of the delicate ecological balance between the host, the Ascaris, and the plasmoidum.

Abdomen↗