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Results for “Aortic Valve Insufficiency”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Indices of left venticular performance and evaluation myocardial quality in mitral valve insufficiency, chronic aortic valve insufficiency and stenosis].

132 patients with pure mono-valvular cardiopathies (mitral incompetence, aortic stenosis and aortic incompetence) were classified into two groups according to the values of the systolic work index/myocardial mass ratio (SWI/MLV). Normal values of the ejection function (EF) and mean velocity of circumferential fibre shortening (VCF) for each cardiopathy were so obtained. Only patients with aortic stenosis of group I (SWI/MLV greater than or equal to 0.75 gm . g-1) had normal EF. All the other patients had EF and VCF values below normal although this did not always imply impaired myocardial function. Therefore the myocardial mass should also be considered in the evaluation of myocardial function and it would seem desirable to take this parameter into account in the management of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Ultrastructure of the rabbit myocardium in stages of cardiac hypertrophy induced by experimental aortic valve insufficiency].

A model of aortic insufficiency was developed in rabbits by perforating the aortic valve using a metal perforator (12 cm long) introduced via the right-hand side carotid artery. The rabbit myocardium was examined by electron microscopy in the dynamic periods of cardiac hypertrophization, i. e. in the phase of cardiac hypertrophy development (days 7 to 30 after operation), in the period of the so called stablized cardiac hypertrophy (4 to 6 months after surgery), and in the phases of hypertrophy regression (6 to 8 months after operation). The ultrastructure of myocardial cells in that particular model brought evidence of two bysic processes in the myocardium, i. e. of the usual mechanisms of myocardial ultrastructure build-up (multiplication of ribosomes and polysomes, mitochondria, and contraction apparatus neoplasia), as well as of simultaneously developing degenerative changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Anuloaortic ectasia: angiographic, hemodynamic and clinical comparison with aortic valve insufficiency.

Thirty-five patients with angiographically diagnosed anuloaortic ectasia were compared with 18 patients with isolated aortic valve insufficiency to study differences between the presentation, hemodynamic or angiographic findings and clinical course in the two groups. The maximal aortic root diameter in anuloaortic ectasia was 7.6 +/- 2.4 cm (mean +/- 1 standard deviation) versus 4.2 +/- 0.6 in aortic insufficiency. Dissection was a common complication of anuloaortic ectasia (44 percent) but was not seen in aortic insufficiency. Neither the size nor the configuration of the aortic aneurysm was a reliable predictor of dissection. Despite surgical therapy, patients with anuloaortic ectasia have a worse prognosis than those with aortic valve insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment of aortic valve insufficiency due to annulo-aortic ectasia.

Five cases of annulo-aortic ectasia are described: etiology was cystic medial necrosis in three, syphylitic aortitis in one and giant-cell aorto-arteritis in another. Apart from the latter patient, in whom the ascending aorta was not truly aneurysmal and aortic valve replacement and aneurysmorraphy were considered adequate, total replacement of the ascending aorta and valve was employed in every case. All patients survived without any complication related to the technique, and are completely asymptomatic 14 to 26 months after the operation. The available techniques for managing annulo-aortic ectasia are reviewed, and their merits and drawbacks discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Surgical treatment of ascending aortic aneurysms associated with aortic valve insufficiency.

From 1965 to 1978, 111 patients underwent combined operation for ascending aortic aneurysms and aortic valve insufficiency. Fifteen patients had direct coronary implantation (Group 1). In 25 patients operated on between 1972 and 1977, the aortic root was retained (Group 2). An additional 71 patients operated on between 1965 and 1972 were included (Group 3): 40 who had synthetic graft replacement and retention of the aortic root and 31 who had aortoplasty and associated aortic valve repair. In 8 patients in Group 3, recurrent aneurysms were detected an average of 6.5 years after operation. The mortality rate for repaiajor complication after incomplete resection of the aortic root. Total exclusion of the aneurysm should be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Coronary vessel anomaly: fistula between the right coronary artery and the left ventricle clinically presenting as aortic valve insufficiency (author's transl)].

Under more than 200 cases of coronary vessel anomalies only 33 are fistulas from the right or left coronary artery into the left ventricle. The case presented here of a fistula from the right coronary artery into the left ventricle featured the clinical picture of an aortic valve insufficiency. The histologic findings support the theory that these fistulas are embryological anomalies: transient communications between the ventricular trabeculas and the coronary vessels may be lined with endothelium and become then persisting as fistulas.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1978

[Surgically treated chronic aortic valve insufficiency. Long term results. Surgical indications].

The timing of surgery in chronic aortic regurgitation depends to a large extent on the operative results that may be expected in this type of valve disease. In 88 cases of chronic aortic regurgitation submitted to surgery there were 6 operative deaths (6.8%). Five years after operation the actuarial survival was 58% for the whole of the group and 68% for cases of rheumatic aortic regurgitation. Analysis of the causes of failures, late deaths, persistence or recurrence of severe impairment of activity, and of serious disturbances of ventricular rhythm, showed that the most important cause was myocardial dysfunction, which was responsible for two thirds of the bad results. Analysis of the late prognosis as a function of the various pre-operative parameters revealed the bad influence of cardiomegaly as measured by radiological examination (cardio-thoracic ratio and cineangiography) and of disturbances in left ventricular function. The actuarial survival curves showed very significant differences according to whether the cardiothoracic ratio was greater or smaller than 58%, and according to the amount of heart failure pre-operatively. Similarly, an end-diastolic volume index of 240 ml/m2 and an ejection fraction less than. 40 seemed to be serious findings. These facts, taken in conjunction with the natural history of this valve lesion, suggest that the indications for surgery should not only be symptomatic aortic regurgitation but also well tolerated regurgitation in which cardiomegaly, end-diastolic volume and/or the ejection fraction have reached a certain level.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1976

[Laevocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function. III. Aortic valve insufficiency (author's transl)].

1. The normally functioning left ventricle is characterised by a definite relationship between end-diastolic volume and ejection fraction (reduction of lateral systolic projectional area by 50 to 60%. 2. With increasing volume, the left fentricle shows increasing, end-diastolic size. 3. With pure aortic insufficiency, end-diastolic ventricular size is larger than it is with combined aortic valve disease. Hypertrophy is the predominant reaction of the left ventricle to increased resistance, but also to co-existent insufficiency. In addition the ejection fraction rises with increasing resistance. 4. End-diastolic areas up to 85 cm.2 and end-diastolic pressures up to 20 mmHg. can be regarded, rare cases excepted, as indices of normal contraction and are associated with a normal ejection fraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Interventricular septal defects in combination with aortic valve insufficiency and the problems of their surgical correction].

Twenty-one operative interventions were performed on patients with interventricular septal defects and aortic insufficiency in the period between 1964 and 1976. The authors believe that the main component of the operative tactics is correction of aortic insufficiency, which in most cases may be achieved by plastic surgery of the abnormal cusps. Since mild aortic insufficiency remaining in some of the patients after the operation causes no marked disorders of hemodynamics, the authors assume that at the current stage prosthetics of the valve is justified only if plastic correction of the abnormality is absolutely impossible.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful surgical management of a dissecting aneurysm of the ascending and transverse aorta with heart failure due to sudden, severe aortic valve insufficiency.

A dissecting aneurysm of the ascending and transverse aorta with heart failure due to sudden severe arotic valve insufficiency in a 47-year-old man has been treated successfully. Vasodilator therapy was done preoperatively, and then hemodynamics was improved markedly. A selective perfusion technique by using separate pumps at pre-determined flow-rates with hypothermia was utilized. The replacement of both the aortic valve and the ascending and transverse aorta involving brachiocephalic artery with a prosthetic valve and expanded polytetra-fluoroethylene coated woven Dacron grafts was performed.

Aortic Dissection↗