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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Ascending aorta-supraceliac abdominal aorta bypass: successful removal of an infected graft in the descending thoracic aorta.

An infected graft and a mycotic pseudoaneurysm were successfully resected by employing an ascending aortasupraceliac abdominal aorta bypass graft in a 19-year-old man. He had formerly undergone graft replacement surgery for traumatic aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta, with the aid of a temporary external bypass graft. After this first operation, the patient had suffered from septicemia due to Psudomonas aeruginosa, which resulted in formation of mycotic pseudoaneurysms at the distal anastomotic site of the prosthetic graft and at both stumps of the formerly employed external bypass graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Late sudden death after surgical correction of coarctation of the aorta. Importance of aneurysm of the ascending aorta.

Follow-up studies averaging 12 years postcorrective surgery of 343 patients with coarctation of the aorta disclosed 38 late deaths, 15 of which were sudden, unexpected and probably cardiovascular. All but two patients were normotensive postoperatively, and in 4 of these the cause of death was proven dissecting aneurysm of ascending aorta. In another patient this aneurysm was repaired surgically and in 3 other patients chest X-ray had shown a dilated ascending aorta before death. At follow-up the ascending aorta was dilated angiographically in 4 survivors, who had moderate systolic hypertension and aortic valve disease. The high incidence of aneurysm of ascending aorta in patients with coarctation is probably due to hypertension during the growth period, possibly in combination with congenital weakness of the aortic wall, and to concomitant aortic valve lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Fatty acid synthesis in aorta. Isolation of fatty acid synthetase from chicken aorta.

Fatty acid synthesis by subcellular fractions of human aorta was studied by measuring the incorporation of either radioactive acetyl-CoA or malonyl-CoA into long chain fatty acids. The high speed supernatant fraction contained fatty acid synthetase and was capable of de novo fatty acid synthesis. The fatty acid synthetase from chicken aorta was purified 800-fold from the high speed supernatant and was judged to be 10% pure at this level. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 450,000 on the basis of agarose gel filtration chromatography, while under dissociating conditions a molecular weight of 220,000 was obtained on sodium dodecyl sulphate disc gel electrophoresis. Fatty acid synthesis was dependent on acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH. The major product was free palmitic acid. In enzymatic and physical characteristics the chicken aorta fatty acid synthetase strongly resembles the synthetase isolated from chicken liver. The two enzymes cross-react immuno-chemically and this homology provides the possibility of studying the synthesis and degradation of the aorta synthetase during the development of atherosclerosis.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1978

Transdiaphragmatic approach to the descending thoracic aorta for proximal control during surgery on the abdominal aorta.

A technic of mobilizing and clamping the lower descending thoracic aorta from the abdomen through the incision in the diaphragm is described. This technic is simple and may be useful when it is difficult to obtain proximal control of the abdominal aorta during surgery. In addition, certain surgical procedures on the upper abdominal aorta may be facilitated by the use of this technic.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ascending aorta to femoral arteries bypass without opening the abdominal cavity. Choice treatment in cases of complete occlusion of the infrarenal aorta.

In two cases which needed a revascularization of the inferior limbs, it was possible to utilize the subrenal aorta (the first case was affected by an infrarenal aortic occlusion; the second by an infection of a previously inserted aortofemoral graft), the AA. elected to perform a bypass with a dacron graft between the ascending aorta and femoral arteries according to the technique already proposed by Kaplitt. Having accomplished the proximal anastomoses to the ascending aorta through a midsternal incision, the graft was placed into a properitoneal tunnel down to both inguinal regions. This tunnel was obtained in the anterior abdominal wall by a blind blunt dissection entering the properitoneal space at the inferior end of the sternal incision. In this way the opening of the abdomen is avoided. On account of its poor risk, this procedure is advisable not only in cases of infrarenal aortic occlusion but almost in all aged and poor risk patients who require a revascularization of the inferior limbs.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Management of ascending suture line sepsis by excision on the ascending aorta and insertion of a left ventricular apex to aorta conduit.

A new technique used in the management of infection of an aortic suture line following aortic valve replacement and subsequent episodes of severe hemorrhage resulting from suture line disruption is described. In a planned, staged procedure, a left-ventricular-apex-to-aorta conduit was inserted followed by excision of the supracoronary aortic root and ascending aorta, incorporating all infected tissue. This technique demonstrates that near total excision of the ascending aorta is possible and coronary artery flow can be maintained with only a minimal supravalvular aortic chamber.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1979

Seat belt aorta: acute dissection and thrombosis of the abdominal aorta.

Aortic trauma mainly involves the thoracic aorta (95%), while the abdominal aorta is infrequently involved (5%). Of growing interest is the role of seat belts in abdominal aortic injuries. Although seat belts are known to cause injuries to the abdominal viscera, they rarely produce aortic trauma. We report here an acute dissection with thrombosis of the abdominal aorta leading to complete peripheral occlusion as a result of lap-type seat belt injury. The two previously reported cases of similar injuries which resulted in incomplete occlusion are reviewed. A hypothesis for the causal mechanism of these injuries is described. The authors also stress careful follow-up of all patients with seat belt injuries since other intra-abdominal vascular injuries may be present.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1979

[Effects of chronic inhalation intoxication with carbon disulfide on the content of various lipid metabolism indices in the serum, aorta and cardiac muscle in rabbits. II. Lipid phosphorus and phospholipid fractions in the serum, aorta and cardiac muscle].

Lipid phosphorus and single phospholipids content was checked in serum, aorta and cardiac muscle of rabbits exposed in toxicological chamber for 3 and 6 months, to carbon disulfide of low concentration (0.44 mg/l) and higher concentration (0.8 mg/l). Phospholipids were separated using thin--layer chromatography. Lipid phosphorus content in each fraction was determined colorimetrically. Statistical analysis of obtained results was done based on the Student "t" test. Lipid phosphorus content in serum, aorta and cardiac muscle was found to increase in animals exposed to CS2 in lower concentration. A decrease in lipid phosphorus content (statistically significant) was noted in the serum of rabbits intoxicated with CS2 in high concentration for 3 months. Changes in the percentage of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelins in cardiac muscle were found.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Right aortic arch with left descending aorta (circumflex aorta). Roentgenographic diagnosis.

Right aortic arch with retroesophageal segment is a rare anomaly with distinctive roentgenographic features. We present 2 patients, who on the barium oesophogram had an additional finding which has not previously been described. The typical features include an indentation on the right upper barium filled oesophagus (in the antero-posterior view), an oblique indentation descending from right to left (caused by the retroesophageal segment) and the left descending aorta. The oblique identation has not previously been described. The embryology and incidence of the lesion are briefly discussed.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1979

Pitfalls in the plain film evaluation of the thoracic aorta: the mimicry of aneurysms and adjacent masses and the value of aortography. Part II. Descending thoracic aorta.

Distinguishing posterior mediastinal and pulmonary masses from aneurysms and tortuosity of the descending thoracic aorta may be difficult, as five such cases illustrate. Both the neoplasms and the aortic aneurysms or tortuosity can compress the same vital mediastinal structures; thus, they may give rise to the same symptoms. Because the plain film findings may also be similar, aortography is essential to their diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Dissection of an aneurysmal ascending aorta in association with coarctation of the aorta.

A previously fit 21-year-old man presented with severel central chest pain. Clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic examination confirmed a dissection of an aneurysmal ascending aorta in the presence of previously undiagnosed severe aortic coarctation. Initial aortic dissection had occurred five days before admission. The medical and staged surgical management of the case are presented. Surgical survival with such a combination of lesions does not appear to have been previously recorded.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Renal revascularization in patients with severe atherosclerosis of the abdominal aorta or a previous operation on the abdominal aorta.

Renal revascularization has been performed in six patients in whom severe atherosclerosis or previous operative procedures on the abdominal aorta precluded the performance of a standard aortorenal bypass graft. Splenorenal anastomoses were performed in three patients, superior mesenterorenal anastomosis in one patient, long saphenous vein iliorenal anastomosis in one patient, and renal autotransplantation in one patient. Successful renal revascularization with preservation of renal function was accomplished in all patients. The natural history of severe atherosclerotic renovascular disease has demonstrated the relatively frequent occurrence of arterial thrombosis and renal failure in patients with solitary kidneys. Occasionally, the presence of severe aortic disease precludes the use of standard aortorenal bypass grafting. Fortunately, as reported herein, alternate methods of revascularization are available whereby renovascular hypertension can be corrected and renal function preserved, with minimal operative risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Injury to ascending aorta by partial-occlusion clamp during aorta-coronary bypass.

Disease of the proximal ascending aortic wall from prolonged, poorly controlled hypertension predisposed to intimal injury after clamp compression. This creates a spectrum of problems: (1) intimal tear with late formation of a localized aneurysm, (2) delayed acute dissecting aneurysm, and (3) intraoperative acute dissecting aneurysm. Principles of management are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Uptake and esterification of circulating carnitine by aorta and heart in rabbits in vivo.

Disappearance of intravenously injected DL-[methyl-14C]carnitine from the bloodstream and its uptake and esterification by heart and aorta were studied in rabbits fed atherogenic or non-atherogenic control diets. The disappearance rate of [14C]carnitine from the bloodstream was approximately 2-fold greater in animals fed the control diet than in those fed the atherogenic diets. No evidence was found for carnitine esterification in the blood. Circulating [14C]carnitine was taken up and esterified in both the heart and aorta of all animals regardless of diet; however, on comparing dpm/mg lipid-free dry weight, uptake of [14C]carnitine and accumulation of [14C]carnitine esters by the heart was greater (6-fold and 12-fold, respectively) than by the aorta. Analysis of defined arterial segments indicated that aortas in animals fed the atherogenic diet contained greater [14C]carnitine activity (4- to 8-fold) and greater acetyl-[14C]carnitine activity (4-fold) when compared to aortas of control animals; uptake of plasma [14C]carnitine and accumulation of acyl-[14C]carnitine compounds by the heart was independent of diet. Butyryl-[14C]carnitine, although not detected in aortas from animals fed the non-atherogenic or atherogenic diet for only 7 weeks, was detected in aortas from animals fed the atherogenic diet 17 weeks. Butyryl-[14C]carnitine was detected in heart tissue regardless of the animals' dietary regime. The increased uptake of circulating [14C]carnitine and its accumulation as both free and esterfied carnitine in atherosclerotic aortas occurred before the development of extensive macroscopic atherosclerotic lesions; this response of the aorta to atherogenic stimuli was not a general tissue response in that the heart did not respond similarly. Since blood carnitine is found predominantly in the plasma fraction, it is likely that these results refect the uptake and metabolism of plasma carnitine in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Surgery of the ascending aorta: five years' experience at a regional cardiac centre.

Between 1972 and 1978, 31 patients underwent replacement of the ascending aorta, with or without aortic valve surgery, at the Wessex Regional Cardiac Centre. The commonest indications for operation were aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta causing aortic regurgitation and acute dissection of the ascending aorta. Eleven of the 31 patients had features of Marfan's syndrome. The overall hospital mortality was 19.4%, a figure comparable with those reported in other series; ventricular failure secondary to ischaemia during operation was the commonest cause of death. The long-term symptomatic results were excellent, except in the two patients who underwent resuspension of the aortic valve for aortic regurgiation associated with acute dissections. For aneurysms of the ascending aorta with associated aortic regurgitation, replacement of the valve and ascending aorta with a combined valve prosthesis and synthetic tube graft, with reimplantation of the coronary ostia, is the procedure of choice if the aortic valve ring is diseased. Experience to date indicates that replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic valve with separate prostheses, leaving the coronary ostia undisturbed, is a satisfactory alternative provided the aortic annulus is of suitable size and quality; this is more likely to be the case in dissections than in aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta. Replacement of the ascending aorta may also be indicated in some cases of dilatation of the ascending aorta secondary to aortic valve disease if the aortic wall is unusually thin.

Adult↗