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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

On the ownership of thought: an approach to the origins of separation anxiety.

Separation anxiety is of major clinical significance, particularly in the management of personality disorder. Despite important advances, the origins of the phenomenon remain unclear. The hypothesis put forward here is that it is a manifestation of incomplete self-boundary formation. An elaboration of this idea, which has a Piagetian basis, provides an organizing framework for a therapeutic approach which is consistent with the empathic stance of the Kohutians and the recommendations of Winnicott.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1991

[Separation anxiety: a new category of anxiety disorders in children?].

The separation anxiety disorder is defined as an excessive anxiety when the child is separated from significant persons. It needs however to be distinguished from normal development separation anxiety because of the later age at onset, its persistence and general impact. We shall discuss the clinical aspects of this disorders, its complications and the issues raised by its outcome. The interesting characteristics of separation anxiety disorder are its frequency and different treatments available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Adult agoraphobia and childhood separation anxiety: using children's literature to understand the link.

Separation-anxiety stories are frequent in children's literature and have eight characteristic elements. Peter Rabbit is used as an early and very simple example. A case study follows which illustrates the fear of separating from the family in an adult agoraphobic. The Wizard of Oz is presented as a more expanded version of a separation-anxiety story. A case study follows which illustrates a woman's difficulty with maturity and separation. A review of the literature is made in which studies are cited which indicate a history of childhood-separation problems in adult agoraphobics. Studies also show that panic disorder in these patients is often precipitated by losses and separations. Studies also show that agoraphobics may have poor problem-solving skills. Children's stories may serve as a guide to children toward mastery of separation fear. A case study follows of a man who developed a panic disorder while watching E.T. E.T. is presented as a separation-anxiety story for the late 1900s. The paper concludes with a brief review of children's separation-anxiety stories and how they reflect broad cultural changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Infant gender and sibling dyad influences on maternal separation anxiety.

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to compare maternal separation anxiety by gender of infants and sibling dyad in 40 employed, second-time mothers. Subjects completed two parallel measures of separation anxiety, the Maternal Separation Anxiety. Scale (MSAS) and the Interview-Based Rating Scales (IBRS). The mothers completed the MSAS when the first infant was born and again 2 years later when their second infant was 7 months old (mean age). Following completion of the MSAS (for the second child), the mothers were interviewed and rated on their separation concerns (IBRS) related to both children. No gender differences were noted when t-tests were computed on mothers' MSAS mean scores, but the IBRS revealed that mothers of second-born sons were significantly more anxious about separation (t = 2.01, p < .05) than were mothers of second-born daughters. One-way General Linear Model comparisons of both measures, for the four sibling dyads, revealed significant differences related to the dyad composition. Mothers of girl/girl dyads were significantly more anxious about separation as measured by the MSAS. On the IBRS, mothers of boy/boy dyads were significantly more anxious and mothers of boy/girl dyads were significantly less anxious when compared to mothers of the other dyads.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Denial of separation anxiety as measured by a serial tachistoscopic technique.

A mother-child separation stimulus was repeatedly presented by standard Defense Mechanism Test procedure, at increasing durations of tachistoscopic exposure to 60 clinical and nonclinical subjects. Subjective verbal reports were coded blindly for evidence of perceptual distortions presumably indicative of denial of separation anxiety. Low scores on two items measuring sensitivity to separation anxiety and intolerance of aloneness were, as predicted, significantly more often characterized by codings of denial on the tachistoscopic exposures than subjects with high sensitivity to separation anxiety. Stability of effect became stronger when only very low and very high scores were compared for perceptual denial on the last four presentations of the series. This technique, employing other types of anxiety-evoking stimuli, may represent a reliable instrument to reveal the presence of defences toward each of the most relevant conflictual areas of the personality.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

History of separation anxiety in patients with panic disorder and depression and normal controls.

The frequency and severity of separation anxiety for subjects with panic disorder and major depression was compared with that for normal controls. The subjects were diagnosed according to DSM-III criteria. Each subject completed a questionnaire consisting of 9 items derived from DSM-III criteria for separation anxiety disorder. The incidence of separation anxiety and its severity were significantly higher for the panic disorder subjects than for normal controls but there was no significant difference between depressed and panic disorder subjects. Panic disorder subjects with a history of separation anxiety disorder had a significantly earlier onset of panic attacks.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Early separation anxiety and adult agoraphobia.

The authors compared 137 adult patients who had agoraphobia with 81 patients who had either simple or social phobia for a history of childhood and adolescent separation anxiety. Female agoraphobics reported significantly more childhood separation anxiety than female combined simple and social phobics; males showed no significant difference between diagnostic groups. The reported prevalence of separation anxiety in adolescence was relatively low, but agoraphobics of both sexes reported significantly more separation anxiety than combined simple and social phobics. There were no significant differences between groups for parental losses or severe family disruption during childhood. The results suggest that childhood separation anxiety is a risk factor in females but not in males for the later development of agoraphobia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Factor structure of the Hansburg Separation Anxiety Test.

This study examines two questions related to Hansburg's Separation Anxiety Test: To what extent can Hansburg's (1980a) matrix of correlations between theoretical factors be replicated in an independent sample? How closely do empirically derived factors from a factor analysis of test scales resemble the composition of Hansburg's theoretically based factors? A total of 135 New Zealand university students were given the Hansburg Separation Anxiety Test. Results provide minimal empirical support for Hansburg's theoretically based psychological systems factors. Additional factor replication studies with larger samples are needed to clarify the underlying empirical structure of the Separation Anxiety Test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Childhood separation anxiety and panic disorder: a comparative study.

1. The relationship between childhood separation anxiety and panic disorder in adults is analyzed using data from a multicenter trial in 107 patients. 2. The patients included in this study presented anxiety disorder with or without agoraphobia, diagnosed according to DSM-III criteria. 3. The percentage of patients with antecedents of separation anxiety was 17.8% in patients without agoraphobia and 21.7% in patients with agoraphobia. These rates are significantly higher than those encountered in a group of normal controls (4%). 4. The existence of separation anxiety in childhood does not seem to significantly modify the clinical manifestations or severity of panic disorder in the adult.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Separation anxiety and school phobia: a comparison using DSM-III criteria.

Children who met DSM-III criteria for separation anxiety disorder (N = 48) or a phobic disorder of school (N = 19) were compared with respect to demographic characteristics, symptoms, associated psychiatric disorders, and maternal psychiatric illness. More children with separation anxiety disorder were female, prepubertal, and from families with lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Children with separation anxiety disorder were less likely to exhibit school refusal than children with school phobia. However, they were more likely to meet criteria for an additional DSM-III diagnosis. Finally, their mothers had a rate of affective disorders four times greater than that of mothers of children with school phobia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Maternal separation anxiety: its developmental course and relation to maternal mental health.

Maternal separation anxiety is a construct that describes a mother's experience of worry, sadness, or guilt during short-term separations from her child. This investigation examined potential differences in psychological correlates between mothers with high and low levels of anxiety when their children were 8 months, 3 1/2 years, and 6 years of age. High levels of maternal separation anxiety had different psychological correlates contingent upon the age of the child. Depressive symptomatology and separation anxiety were unrelated at times 1 and 2, but when the children were 6 years old, mothers who had the highest levels of anxiety tended to have more depressive symptomatology, fewer coping skills, a more negative representation of self, and embraced more traditional sex-role values. Study findings are discussed with respect to their relevance to the mother's role as developmental partner to the child and linked to major theoretical perspectives that address the mother-child relationship.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of child care proximity on maternal reports of separation anxiety in employed nurses.

PURPOSE: To determine whether employed nurses with young children, aged 6 months to 4 years, experienced differences in maternal separation anxiety related to proximity of child care. METHOD: A comparative design was used to survey 29 nurses who were mothers of young children and were employed at two work sites: one with on-site child care services and one without child care services of any kind. The Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale and The Child Care Satisfaction Instrument were the data collection tools. Scores were compared by t-test. FINDINGS: There were no significant differences in maternal separation anxiety between the two groups nor in the level of satisfaction with the child care arrangement. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should address questions of who most benefits and in what ways from differing types of child care services. This research should include larger samples, part-time and full-time employed mothers, low income families, single mothers, mothers with infants, mothers of children in need of after school services, and mothers who work evening and night shifts.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Play intervention strategies for the Hispanic toddler with separation anxiety.

Constructive, therapeutic play is an effective nursing intervention for helping the toddler deal with separation anxiety, but, the play must transcend cultural barriers. Using Bowlby's theoretical framework to understand the response of separation anxiety in the toddler, culturally sensitive interventions of play that allow the Hispanic toddler to work through fears and express issues of separation are examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Drawings as a therapeutic medium. The treatment of separation anxiety in a 4-year-old boy.

This paper describes a 4-year-old boy whose presenting problem was anxiety. The treatment used is of particular interest because of the graphic exposition of the development of the therapeutic alliance, the immediacy of the Oedipal issues, and the usefulness of child's drawings as a therapeutic medium. The phases of therapy are reflected in the drawings, as is identification with the therapist and the integration of loss when patient and therapist terminate.

Anxiety, Separation↗