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PubMed1993

The effects on in-vitro fertilization of autoantibodies to spermatozoa in subfertile men.

Thirty-six infertile couples underwent treatment by in-vitro fertilization. In 16 couples (group 1) the male partner was positive for antisperm antibodies measured by direct mixed antiglobulin reaction, direct immunobead test, and serum and/or seminal plasma tray agglutination test. In 20 couples (group 2) the men had no such antibodies. Men with poor sperm motility were excluded. The female partners had no antisperm antibodies, and in the controls (group 2) infertility was due to a known female factor. The fertilization rate in couples without antisperm antibodies (group 2) was 72.7% compared to 50.5% when the men had antibodies. However, the pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was not significantly different in the two groups (46.1% in group 1, 33.3% in group 2). This indicates that antisperm antibodies in the male interfere with sperm--egg fusion and subsequent fertilization but once fertilization has occurred, the pregnancy rate remains the same.

Autoantibodies↗

PubMed1982

Chlamydial immunofluorescence serology in anterior uveitis.

Chlamydial immunofluorescence (IF) serology was determined in 118 patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU), half of whom had anti-chlamydia antibodies. Men and women were equally affected. The chlamydial IF antibody titre was generally 1/16-64, but a few higher values were also measured. The age distribution, ocular pathology, and duration of AAU were identical in the chlamydial seropositive and seronegative patient groups. In the seropositive group there were 3 men with Reiter's syndrome. The prevalence of anti-chlamydia antibodies (50%) was higher than in other patients studied in the same laboratory. Further population studies are in progress to see whether our AAU patients represent an accumulation of chlamydial-positive persons.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

[Sterility of immunologic origin].

Antispermatozoal antibodies in the woman, the man, or both, may be the cause of nonorganic infertility in a small number of couples. The antibodies are most often found in the serum or in the genital fluids. Diagnosis is based on the postcoital test and on various laboratory tests to assess sperm-cervical mucous compatibility and to detect antispermatozoal antibodies. In women the strongest relation between results of laboratory tests and infertility is between the presence of serum antispermatozoal antibodies and infertility of more than 3 years' duration. In men there is a relation between high levels of these antibodies in the semen and infertility. Various treatments have been proposed, but further prospective studies are needed. However, promising results have been reported with homologous intrauterine insemination and with immunosuppression in men.

Adult↗