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PubMedDate not supplied

[Induction alveolectomies and root malformations].

In connection with 2 cases of dental retention due to radicular malformations, the authors draw attention to the following three points: 1. The diastema in which the retained tooth develops should exceed its mediodistal diameter. 2. The malformation of the root is not a counter-indication for induction alveolectomy: this triggers growth of the alveolar bone satellite of the tooth, following a process different from the usual mechanism of dental eruption. It could mean that the coronary portion, which is of epithelial origin, is rejected by its bony, connective tissue environment. 3. They would like diagnosis of dento-maxillary disharmony to be graded: --difficult to judge from X-rays alone; --dubious when abnormalities in the transverse diameter of the arches also contribute to crowding of the teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Residual cyst: an incidental finding during alveolectomy.

A case of a residual cyst with hyaline bodies from the 26 region discovered fortuitously during alveolectomy is described. The importance of preliminary radiographic evaluation is emphasised. Differential diagnosis from the unicystic ameloblastoma is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Preprosthetic surgery.

Several of the abnormal conditions existing in the edentulous patient can be corrected surgically, prior to construction of dentures, to enable the patient to function more successfully following prosthetic restoration. The more common problems have been discussed which often require surgical correction. In some instances, articulated diagnostic models of the patient's mouth show that surgery can be avoided, or when surgery is necessary, these models help identify the exact locations of the tissue to be corrected. Alveolectomy has been presented with an eye toward conservatism since this procedure affects the quality of denture foundation and therefore denture stability. Alveolectomy should be performed only when there is a definite indication for the procedure. Correction of soft tissue abnormalities can substantially improve the patient's ability to function with dentures and solve many of the adjustment problems which confront the dentist. It is often better to correct the soft tissue abnormality rather than to circumvent the problem with an inferior prosthetic restoration. Since the introduction of resilient acrylics and tissue conditioning materials, the patient need no longer suffer the discomfort of denture withdrawal after surgery. Electrosurgery has emerged as a successful method of correcting many soft tissue abnormalities. Vestibuloplasty is receiving much emphasis as a possible treatment for atrophic ridges in which there is still enough alveolar bone from which to extend a sulcus. These sulcus extension procedures may offer some help in the future regarding the problem of resorbed ridges, but presently, more research is necessary before widespread use is recommended.

Alveoloplasty↗
PubMed1987

Porous hydroxyapatite as a bone graft substitute in alveolar ridge augmentation: a histometric study.

Following bilateral alveolectomy, the ridge form was restored in 10 dogs with blocks of porous HA matrix and bicortical iliac autografts. The specimens were retrieved after 11 to 17 months and undecalcified sections were prepared for microscopy and histometry. Within the HA implants, bone ingrowth extended throughout the pores. This bone appeared mature and well vascularized. The autografts united to the mandible. However bone ingrowth into the cancellous spaces of the grafts was minimal or absent. Measurement of implant and graft cross-sectional areas showed the maintenance of alveolar ridge form to be equally permanent for the 2 materials over the 1.5 year duration of the study. The implant specimens were composed of 43.1% HA matrix, 45.2% bone and 11.7% soft tissue. The HA matrix had a surface area averaging 9.3 mm2/mm3 that was 91.1% covered with bone ingrowth. Although this study supported the thesis that a porous HA matrix can function as a bone graft substitute, it is noted that the unyielding nature of the implant blocks, compared to granules, requires a solution to the challenge of long-term denture support without ulceration before it can be used with clinical confidence.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation↗
PubMed1992

Osseointegrated fixture placement with simultaneous tooth extraction.

Three cases are presented that illustrate the potential for accelerating the healing phase with fixture-based treatment. Depending on the clinical circumstances, techniques may include radical alveolectomy, the use of fresh extraction sockets, and fixture placement in inter-radicular bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The immediate implant: a treatment alternative.

The safety and efficacy of placing endosseous implants into the anterior mandible at the time of dental extractions with appropriate radical alveolectomies ("immediate implants") is reported. The results were compared to a control group of patients. The success of the immediate group was 92.7%; that of the control group was 98.1%. The difference in success rates was not significant at the P less than .05 level.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Periodontal considerations related to extractions].

During any tooth extraction, the dentist has to think about healing problems in order to maintain as much bone as possible afterwards. Careful and well done extractions using classical techniques allow maximum bone preservation in normal cases. At minima alveolectomy techniques are a guarantee against tremendous bone loss. After healing and before prosthetic rehabilitation, crests must be checked and, if necessary, corrected by one of the several available techniques.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation↗
PubMed1989

Alveolar ridge augmentation in Macaca fascicularis using polysulfone with and without demineralized bone powder.

The purpose of this study was to test the soft tissue and bone response to the implantation of porous polysulfone (PPSF) with and without demineralized bone powder (DBP) for ridge augmentation in Macaca fascicularis. The mandibular molar teeth were extracted in five adult female monkeys, followed by massive alveolectomy. Five to eight months later, PPSF + DBP was inserted subperiosteally on the left side, while PPSF alone was inserted on the right side. The animals were killed 42, 60, and 90 days following implantation. Specimens were processed for light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, tetracycline labeling, and histomorphometric measurement of new bone. The 42-day specimens of the PPSF + DBP and PPSF revealed penetration of fibrous tissue rich in fibroblasts and blood vessels into the pores of the PPSF. At 60 and 90 days, the PPSF side showed organized fibrous tissue, but bone grew only for a short distance into the implant. In contrast, the PPSF + DBP side showed large amounts of bone formation, and bone almost covered the implant. The qualitative results were confirmed by histomorphometric examination.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1975

Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen.

Hyperbaric oxygen used in the treatment of 14 patients with intractable osteonecrosis of the mandible produced a favorable response in relief of pain, elimination of extraoral draining sinus tracts, the return of osseous union in areas of the abnormal fracture, and the rapid dissolution of sequestrum without suppuration, so that further loss of hard and soft tissue was minimized. This treatment is a more conservative approach in the management of osteoradionecrosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Results of surgical treatment for squamous carcinoma of the lower alveolus: segmental vs. marginal resection.

The records of 53 patients treated surgically for squamous cell carcinoma of the lower alveolar ridge were reviewed and the results of segmental and marginal resections of the mandible were compared. Analysis of these 2 treatment modalities disclosed that marginal resection was effective in controlling lower gingival cancers, with and without apparent bone involvement, if erosive bone defects that did not extend beyond the inferior alveolar canal, or invasive bone defects confined to a superficial area of the alveolar bone, were detected radiologically.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cephalometric evaluation of surgical orthodontic treatment for the correction of anterior cross-bites.

Severe skeletal Class III malocclusion cases were treated by surgical orthodontic techniques. Surgical operations included alveolar osteotomy, horizontal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus, osteotomy of the mandibular body, and sagittal-split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus, according to the type of malocclusion. Comparisons between lateral cephalograms made before and after operation at the prognosis examination were made for the four surgical procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Soft-tissue change as a result of maxillary surgery. A preliminary study.

A retrospective investigation of soft-tissue changes following two types of maxillary surgical procedure (anterior alveolar segmental, LeForte I) in nineteen adult patients was undertaken. Several hard-tissue coordinates were correlated to each coordinate of eleven soft-tissue points by multivariate regression analysis. This new method was compared to a previously derived nonsurgical prediction method (Ricketts). The following results were observed: 1. For eight horizontal and vertical coordinates (Glh, Glv, Nah, Av, Nch, Ncv, Pnh, and Pnv), neither method was accurate. 2. For ten horizontal and vertical coordinates (Snh, Snv, Ah, Av, ULh, ULv, Stv, LLh, Bv, and Pogv), the mean prediction residuals for the multivariate method were significantly smaller than those for the modified nonsurgical method. 3. For three horizontal and vertical coordinates (LLv, Bh, and Pogh), there were no significant differences between the mean prediction residuals of both methods. Two additional cases were used to test the new method for general applicability. Visual examination reveals that the predictions for these cases are clinicallly acceptable. Only further testing can establish the true validity of the new method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The surgical exposure and application of direct traction of unerupted teeth.

This article presents a retrospective study of patients treated for impacted maxillary canines by a combined surgical and orthodontic approach. All patients were assessed radiographically by means of a lateral skull radiograph and an orthopantograph. No posteroanterior radiographs were taken. Facial or lingual position within the arch was not determined, the height and inclination of the canine being deemed more important. At surgery, a facial flap was raised first in all cases. Only if access and isolation were poor was a palatal flap raised. Bone was removed as necessary. One contention of this article is that the amount of bone removed is not important. It is the manner in which the soft tissues and, in particular, the periosteum are handled that ultimately affects the results of the surgical treatment. An attachment was bonded onto the tooth and the wound closed. The tooth was then actively extruded, a removable appliance being preferable because more vertical control of anchorage is possible.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMed1992

Anterior mandibular subapical osteotomy: a useful treatment for patients with severely worn mandibular anterior teeth.

Rehabilitation of patients with severe dental wear is a complex diagnostic and restorative problem. As wear occurs, space for restorative materials is lost, and unique treatment techniques are needed to provide good esthetics and function. Use of orthognathic surgery to reposition mandibular anterior teeth and supporting alveolar bone can create a more ideal environment for restorative procedures.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMed1975

Proplast in dental facial reconstruction.

Successful clinical applications since early 1970 have occurred with the use of temporomandibular condylar prosthesis and endosseous blade-vent implants coated with porous proplast. Proplast as a bulk material has also been used to augment atropic mandibular alveolar ridges and deficient facial contours in the mental, mandibular border, and zygomatic areas.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMed1975

The healing of surgical defects in alveolar bone produced with ultrasonic instrumentation, chisel, and rotary bur.

A histologic comparison of the effects of an ultrasonic instrument, a low-speed rotary cutting bur, and a surgical chisel, all used with water coolant, on the rate of healing of dog alveolar bone was made. After reflection of a mucoperiosteal flap, each instrument was used to produce a 3 by 3 by 2 mm. defect in buccal alveolar bone, 3 mm. apical to the alveolar crest and directly overlying the root structure of the right premolar teeth. Dogs were killed immediately following flap replacement with sutures and 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 days later. Histologic examination of the surgical areas revealed that the bur produced the smoothest surface. At day 3, specimens prepared with the chisel and the ultrasonic instrument exhibited areas of cellular organization along surfaces with the defect and the formation of osteoid in adjacent marrow spaces. At day 7, osteoblastic activity was most pronounced in specimens prepared with the chisel and least in those prepared with the bur. The subsequent rate of healing in later periods appeared histologically to be the best with the use of the chisel, followed closely by the use of the ultrasonic instrument, and the slowest with the bur, the order of which is consistent with the over-all microscopic evaluation of the effect of the three instruments.

Alveolar Process↗