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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Study on trace impurity elements in highly purified iron and aluminum by neutron activation analysis.

Activation analysis was carried out on the purified iron and aluminum to study the behavior of trace impurities on purification process, and to estimate the purity of the purified samples. Thermal neutrons with high Cd ratio through D2O column or graphite column were used for the activation of samples to reduce the interference effects by fast neutrons, the reactions, (n, p) or (n, a), from matrix elements. On the zone refined aluminum, the segregation of impurity elements was cleary observed. In the case of iron, decrease of impurity content was confirmed on superposing the various purification processes.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1984

The variation of trace element concentration in human hair: the trace element profile in human long hair by sectional analysis using neutron activation analysis.

Neutron activation analysis was used to determine the distribution of trace elements in human hair. Hair samples were obtained from five infants (two to seven years of age) with hair length ranging from 15 to 40 cm. The hairs were divided into segments, each of 2.5 cm, starting from the scalp end and trace elements were analysed in each segment. Concentrations of I, Mg, Ca and Cu increased from the scalp end to the tip. Concentrations of Cl and Br decreased inversely. Different profiles of the concentrations of Hg, Se, Ca and Mn were seen in each sample. These results were discussed with reference to the indication of environmental pollution.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Measurement of chromium VI and chromium III in stainless steel welding fumes with electrom spectroscopy for chemical analysis and neutron activation analysis.

Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) was explored as a means of studying the oxidation state of chromium in SMAC (coated electrode) stainless steel welding fume collected on Nucleopore filters in the laboratory. Chromuim VI and III (as a percent of the total chromium) obtained from ESCA analysis was applied to results from Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) to yield an average of 69 microgram chromium VI per sample. Diphenylcarbazide/atomic absorption (DPC/AA) results are reported for samples submitted to an industrial laboratory. Possible chemical species and solubility of chromium VI in stainless steel fumes is discussed in light of analogy between the SMAC process and the manufacturing process for chromates.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1984

Simultaneous determination of some trace elements in biological materials by neutron activation analysis.

Neutron activation analysis (NAA) for the determination of some trace elements in biological samples is described. This method permits the simple and rapid determination of Se, Hg, Fe, Co, Zn, Ag, Sn, Cr, Yb, Sb, Au and As after a radiochemical separation from Na, Cs, Rb and, partially, Br. For this purpose, precipitation by adding sulphide and hydroxyl ions was used. An attempt was made to simplify the radiochemical procedure. The present (destructive analysis) was tested in radiotracer experiments. Further tests were made using standard biological materials. The method should find applications in neutron activation analysis, particularly of biological materials.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of trace elements in the human body determined by neutron activation analysis.

Neutron activation analysis and instrumental semiconductor gamma-ray spectrometry were used for analysis of 20 trace elements in 10 autopsied human organs and tissues (liver, kidney, cerebrum, cerebellum, heart, muscle, pancreas, spleen, lung, and aorta) from 63 Japanese persons, whose ages ranged from 15 days to 85 yr. Distributions of aluminum, bromine, magnesium, manganese, rubidium, selenium, and vanadium in human body were almost uniform. High concentrations of cadmium were found in kidney and liver samples. There was a high mercury concentration in the liver, kidney, and brain samples. Concentrations of other elements (arsenic, gold, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, indium, antimony, selenium, titanium, and zinc) in each organ or tissue are also presented in this paper.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Cadmium analysis by radiochemical neutron activation analysis.

Radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) has been routinely used at the National Bureau of Standards to analyze Cd in a variety of environmentally important matrices. The method used to separate Cd from other neutron-activated products is solvent extraction. Zinc diethyldithiocarbamate [Zn(DDC)2] in chloroform will quantitatively extract Cd from an aqueous solution over a pH range from 1 to 12. In addition to the extraction of Cd, Zn(DDC)2 will also extract Cu, which can interfere with the Cd analysis by producing a high background level of radiation. This can be avoided by first extracting with Bi(DDC)3 in chloroform which removes Cu, but not Cd. Copper concentrations can, therefore, be determined in addition to Cd. This two extraction radiochemical separation procedure is very versatile and is often used as part of a larger multi-element analysis scheme. One such scheme involves the use of an inorganic-ion exchanger, Hydrated Manganese Dioxide (HMD), to retain As, Sb, Se, and Cr prior to extraction. The eluted fraction is then extracted with Bi(DDC)3 to remove Cu, and then with Zn(DDC)2 to remove Cd.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1991

The determination of platinum in biological tissue by instrumental neutron activation analysis.

Neutron activation analysis was used to determine platinum in the tissues of rats that had received doses of the tumor chemotherapy agent cis-Pt. Two elements causing spectral interference were identified as 47Sc from 46Ca, a natural component of tissue, and tin (117mSn), an element introduced inadvertently during necropsy and sample work-up. A protocol was devised to correct for interference, using emission lines from 47Ca and 113Sn, respectively, with appropriate consideration for relative detector efficiencies, decay times and half-lives.

Animals↗