Management of septic chemical abortion with renal failure. Report of five consecutive cases with five survivors.
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The pathophysiology of abortion induced by the transcervical introduction of compounds containing mixtures of soap, cresol and phenol is complex. A plan is necessary for the treatment of such critically ill women. The complex, multisystem damage produced by those compounds requires an extremely sophisticated treatment approach to avoid the many pitfalls that beset those cases.
Effects of specific trophoblastic beta-1-glycoprotein (TBG) on T- and B-cell immunity have been explored in 107 patients with purulent septic complications of abortion. TBG showed a marked suppressor effect on T lymphocytes. Persistence of TBG in blood of patients with infection complicated abortion maintains immunodeficient states. The presence of TBG in serum may increase the risk of severe septic complications of illegal abortion.
Microflora of pathological biosubstrates from 25 patients aged from 18 to 41 years with criminal abortion complications such as sepsis, septic shock, septicemia, and septic pyemia, peritonitis and endometritis of various severity was studied. Obligate anaerobic organisms in association with facultative anaerobes were detected in 84 per cent of the patients. Bacteroids were isolated from operation materials of 36 per cent of the patients. Bacteroids in association with Staphylococcus aureus, peptostreptococci and enterococci were recorded in 16, 8 and 24 per cent of the patients, respectively. Composition of the anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microflora was analyzed in the patients with local and general infections. Antibiotic sensitivity assay of the bacteroids showed that rifampicin, metronidazole, levomycetin (chloramphenicol) and clindamycin were the most active drugs. The use of anaerobic techniques enabled to demonstrate that in patients with purulent septic complications of criminal abortion there prevailed anaerobic-aerobic associations. The results should be considered in treatment of gynecological patients with purulent septic infections.
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The role of surgery in the management of postabortum renal failure complicated with extensive uterine sepsis, perforation or peritonitis is controversial. This study compares the course and final outcome of 14 patients (66.6%) conservatively managed with appropriate antibiotics, fluid or blood replacement and dialysis, with seven patients (33.3%) for whom hysterectomy or laparotomy was undertaken in addition. Whereas all 14 patients treated conservatively died as the result of uncontrolled septicemia, three of the seven surgical patients recovered completely. Extensive necrosis with perforation of the uterine wall was confirmed either at laparotomy or at autopsy in all 21 women. To reduce mortality, the authors recommend early surgical intervention for patients suffering from postabortum renal failure complicated with uterine sepsis or perforation.
In case of intrauterine pregnancy with an intrauterine device (IUD), it is recommended, to remove the device because of the risk of abortions or septic complications. If the thread of the IUD is not visible, which often occurs because of growth of the uterus in pregnancy, it is advisable, to perform extraction by hysteroscopy or ultrasonic guidance. We report on 13 cases with hysteroscopic or ultrasonic guided IUD extraction in early pregnancy. 11 resulted in healthy infants, two pregnancies are continuing without complications.
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To adequately appraoch the therapeutics of such a diffuse disorder as sepsis, a firm grasp of the multiple pathophysiologic subsets is imperative. With this as a basis, therapy comes as close to applied physiology as is possible in medicine today.
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Between August 7 and October 14, 1977, Clostridium perfringens organisms were isolated from endometrial and/or blood specimens from 3 women who had been hospitalized in McAllen, Texas, after having had illegal induced abortions. One of the women died of clostridial septicemia. A single abortionist was suspected in these 3 cases. The authors investigated the illnesses of these 3 women and those of 6 other women who were hospitalized at some time from January through October 1977 after having had illegal abortions but did not identify a common abortionist. The patient who died was a Medicaid-eligible woman who had had an abortion performed by a nonphysician after public funding of abortion was restricted in Texas as of August 5, 1977. The authors examined the medical records of all 230 women hospitalized in McAllen General Hospital with abortion complications from 1977 through January 1978. The local effect of restriction of public funds for abortion was to be studied. The incidence of women admitted to the hospital with febrile abortion complications after August 5, 1977, did not differ from that of women admitted from January 1 through August 4, 1977. However, the incidence of hospitalization of Medicaid-eligible women with abortion-related complications was greater after August 5 than it was in the earlier period.
A study is presented on the incidence and complications of septic abortion in a group of patients admited on the 1st. Obstetric and Gynecologic Clinic of the University of Barcelona during a period of 5 years (1971-1975). Abortion is the cause of admision of 20,2% of patients in the gynecology ward and represents the 12,3% of the overall number of patients during the same period. In 7,8% of the patients admited because of abortion we found the criteria for establishing the diagnosis of septic complication and in 15,2% of those extrapelvic involvement is found, mainly endotoxic shock, acute renal failure and difuse peritonitis. Endocervical cultures were positive in 73% of cases and in 65,7% gram negative germs were isolated, being the most common E. coli. The different clinical patterns are discussed in cases in which anaerobics are implicated and the diagnostic and therapeutic aproaches in the different complications are reviewed particularly in concern to the indications of surgery when this may be the only lifesaving procedure.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease affecting the connective tissue of the skin and the vascular system. In about 90% of the cases, the first diagnosis is made in women of child-bearing age. We report on 11 pregnancies in 5 patients with SLE. The incidence of SLE was found to be 1:2966 in relation to obstetric cases in our hospital. In one patient, an acute exacerbation of the disease led to preterm delivery in the 31st week of pregnancy. The affected patient died postpartum due to generalised disease and septic complications. In general, perinatal mortality was found to be 25% (excluding early abortion). The number of spontaneous abortions, premature deliveries and small for date babies was elevated in our group of patients, in comparison to the normal group. As a result of our own observations in serological controlled pregnancies and of an extensive review of the literature, we came to the following conclusions: Uncomplicated SLE is no contraindication for pregnancy. However, an SLE nephritis represents a relative or even absolute contraindication, depending on the clinical course. Recent prospective studies permit us to conclude, that a pregnancy will not lead to an aggravation of SLE. On the other hand, SLE can cause complications in pregnancy with a subsequent rise in maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. Most frequent are preeclampsia, premature labour, foetal maldevelopment and flare-ups of the underlying disease. For monitoring the disease, frequent determinations of complement proteins C3/C4 are helpful. The measurement of the C3 turnover can be used to distinguish between the development of preeclampsia and exacerbation of the disorder.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)