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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The vexed question of authorship: views of researchers in a British medical faculty.

OBJECTIVE: To assess knowledge, views, and behaviour of researchers on criteria for authorship and causes and control of gift authorship. DESIGN: Interview survey of stratified sample of researchers. SETTING: University medical faculty. SUBJECTS: 66 staff (94% response rate) comprising several levels of university academic and research appointments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Awareness and use of criteria for authorship, views on which contributions to research merit authorship, perceptions about gift authorship and strategies for reducing it, and experiences of authorship problems. RESULTS: 50 (76%) respondents supported criteria for authorship, but few knew about or used available criteria. Of the five people who could specify all three criteria of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, only one knew that all criteria had to be met. Forty one respondents (62%) disagreed with this stipulation. A range of practical and academic contributions were seen as sufficient for authorship. Gift authorship was perceived as common, promoted by pressure to publish, to motivate research teams, and to maintain working relationships. A signed statement justifying authorship and a published statement of the contribution of each author were perceived as practical ways of tackling gift authorship. Most researchers had experienced problems with authorship, most commonly the perception that authorship had been deserved but not awarded (49%). CONCLUSION: There seems to be a gap between editors' criteria for authorship and researchers' practice. Lack of awareness of criteria is only a partial explanation. Researchers give more weight than editors to practical research contributions. Future criteria should be agreed by researchers and not be imposed by editors.

Attitude↗
PubMed2002

[An analysis of authorship in articles published in Revista Médica de Chile].

BACKGROUND: Multiauthorship and unjustified authorship have been documented in journals with wide international circulation but this has not been thoroughly studied in journals from developing countries. Revista Médica de Chile is published in Spanish and it contains about 40% of the clinical and biomedical manuscripts generated by Chilean authors. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate temporal trends in the number of authors per article in Rev Med Chile and authors' compliance with the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria of authorship (updated 2001). DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of the number of authors per article between 1969 and 2000; and a prospective survey applying a contribution checklist to authors of manuscripts published in the year 2000. "Justified authorship" was assigned to whom self-declared contributions to: 1) conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article, or critically reviewed it; and 3) approved the final version. "Partial authorship" to whom lacked one of those 3 criteria. "Unjustified authorship" was assigned to whom participated only in data collection, or in diagnostic/therapeutic procedures, or in the statistical analysis, or in combinations lacking the main descriptors required for justified authorship. RESULTS: The number of authors in research articles increased in the last decade: From 3.9 +/- 1.6 (mean +/- SD) in 1969 and 4.9 +/- 2.0 in 1989 to 5.7 +/- 2.5* in 1994, 5.2 +/- 2.6* in 1999 and 5.4 +/- 2.2* in 2000 (*p < 0.05 compared to previous years). In contrast, it remained stable in case reports (4.1 +/- 1.9) and in reviews, public health or medical education articles (3.3 +/- 1.8). Among 921 authors surveyed (90% of authors in the year 2000), 51.2% qualified for "justified authorship", 42.3% for "partial authorship" and only 6.4% for "unjustified authorship". CONCLUSIONS: In a medical journal from a developing country, multiauthorship has increased mildly in research articles. Most participants complied fully or partially with the ICMJE criteria of authorship. Creditable authorship can be improved by continuous education and a critical attitude by the authors, readers, reviewers and editors.

Authorship↗