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Results for “ARM INJURIES”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Study on changes in inflammatory cytokines and the relationship to multiple organ injury in rats with aspiration lung injury after fire-arm injury].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the phasic variations in concentrations of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and to explore their potential roles in the occurrence and development process of multiple organ dysfunction. METHODS: Fire-arm induced aspiration lung injury model was replicated. The following parameters were observed: wet/dry weight ratio of rat's lungs, contents of albumin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-4 in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), contents of alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB). RESULTS: The wet/dry weight ratio of rat's lungs and contents of albumin and LDH in BALF increased with the passage of time. The concentration of TNF-alpha increased immediately after injury and reached the peak value at 2 hours. The concentration of IL-6 increased obviously 4 hours after injury, and maintained a high level from 4 hours to 24 hours. The concentration of IL-4 decreased from 6 hours to 8 hours after injury. The contents of ALT, AST, BUN, SCr and CK-MB increased continually after injury. CONCLUSION: Cytokines are the direct mediators for multiple organ failure (MOF), and MOF is triggered by TNF-alpha and a cascade of cytokine release, with a prolonged high-expression of IL-6. The loss of control of IL-4 aggravates the development of MOF.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Work-related hand and lower-arm injuries in New Zealand, 1979 to 1988.

The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of work-related hand and lower-arm injuries in New Zealand. Nonfatal hand and lower-arm injuries were identified from New Zealand's national database of hospital admissions for the period 1979 to 1988. Thirty-seven per cent (9714) of all such injuries (26,228) were work-related. Piercing and cutting instruments (38.5 per cent) and machinery (37.2 per cent) were the two most common agents of work-related hand and lower-arm injury. Specific occupations in which the number of cases was high included meat workers (n = 1020, 3.3 per 1000 employees), carpenters (n = 548, 2.2 per 1000), machine operators (n = 450, 11.9 per 1000) and sawmill workers (n = 498, 7.7 per 1000). The injury rate for meat workers, carpenter-joiners, machine operators and sawmillers increased significantly over the 10-year study period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Hand and lower arm injuries among New Zealand meat workers and use of protective clothing.

AIM: To characterise work related hand and lower arm injuries among New Zealand meat processors and to identify practices used for protecting the hands of this group of workers. METHODS: These involved identifying and describing, from Department of Health national data, hand and lower arm injuries sustained by meat workers in New Zealand which resulted in hospitalisation during the period 1979-88, examining injury case records from selected meat processing plants for the period 1987-93 and identifying protective clothing practices in the meat processing industry. RESULTS: A significant increase in the hospitalisation rate for the period 1979-88 was identified (3.3 per 1000 to 5.3 per 1000; chi(2) = 33.14, df = 1, p < 0.001) with cutting and piercing being the most common injury event. Reported use of protective gloves and covers for the lower arm by meat workers was high (93% and 66% respectively) and also probably increased. CONCLUSION: Why injury rates rose during a period in which use of protective gloves reportedly increased is unclear. Possible explanations are discussed.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1976

Wringer arm injuries.

During a 20-yr period, 483 children 16 yr of age or under were hospitalized for management of a wringer arm injury. Although the majority were indigent, black males, such trauma was frequently sustained by all classes and races as well as by both sexes. Principles of treatment consisted of cleansing the abrasion wound, application of a pressure dressing from axilla to finger tips, elevation, and close observation. With the exception of a destroyed brachial vein in one patien, significant vascular injuries did not occur despite a "medical fixation" on evidences of impaired circulation. Likewise, no fractures were noted even though all patients had x-rays of the full extremity. However, there were six metacarpophalangeal dislocations, five instances of neuropathy, and one traumatic amputation. Major skin sloughs occurred in 18 children, yet only 11 of them required a skin graft.

Accidents, Home↗