Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “AIDS-Related Complex”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Hormonal and immunological pattern in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome related complex and Cushing's syndrome.

A case of Cushing's syndrome in a 24-yr-old homosexual with an AIDS-related complex is reported. In this patient certain symptoms common to both diseases, i.e. weakness, myalgia and muscle atrophy were accentuated, whereas other symptoms pathognomic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, i.e. lymphoadenopathies and weight loss, were less pronounced by the high levels of circulating adrenal steroids. Ketoconazole was administered po in order to block adrenal steroidogenesis, the drug caused a remarkable fall of cortisol serum concentrations, but was unable to modify significantly the immunological pattern of the patient. Our data suggest that changes of serum adrenal steroid levels have little effect on the immune network of patients with AIDS.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1992

[Histopathologic study on lymphadenopathy in HIV infected patients].

Histopathologic study on the lymphadenopathy of 38 HIV infected patients in Zambia are reported. The histologic type of lymph node changes might be divided as follows: follicular hyperplasia, mixed follicular hyperplasia, follicular involution, and lymphocyte depletion. The author points out that although each individual histologic change in lymph node is not specific, the summation of changes in lymph node are characteristic. A diagnosis of HIV infection might be considered, and appropriate test is warranted, when histologic changes are found in enlarged lymph nodes at two or more noningunal sites for several months. Lymph node biopsy is recommended and significant in discovering HIV infected cases, making diagnosis of AIDS as well as AIDS-related complex, and evaluation of prognosis of these patients.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1992

[The possibilities of using immunological indices as criteria for determining the stage of HIV infection and the disease prognosis].

The authors studied the immune status of 14 HIV-infected patients, 6 of whom had lymphadenopathy, 4 were diagnosed as having AIDS-related complex and 4, a full-blown AIDS. Analysis of laboratory findings showed that of predictive value are serum levels of immunoglobulin B, a CD4 cell count less than 200, reduced populations of CD20 and CD16 lymphocytes, and a depressed response to pokeweed mitogen. Based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory results, three stages characterizing the immune system in HIV infection have been identified.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1992

Cytokine-mediated regulation of monocyte/macrophage cytotoxicity in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection.

Monocyte/macrophage-mediated tumor cytotoxicity was studied in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) at various stages [Center for disease control (CDC) classification] of the disease. using the P-815 tumor cell line as target cells, the results demonstrated reduced monocyte/macrophage cytotoxicity early in HIV-1-related disease (CDCIII, P < 0.01). This cellular dysfunction sustained during the progression of the disease. Evidence could be presented that neither exogenous application of macrophage-stimulating cytokines (e.g. interferons) nor their endogenous induction in vitro restored monocyte/macrophage cytotoxicity. However, enhanced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production, which parallels the observed reduced capacity to lyse P-815 tumor cells, might be the major source for monocyte/macrophage-mediated cell lysis. TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity can be inhibited by addition of anti-TNF-alpha. Other experimental models using TNF-sensitive tumor target cells may, therefore, mimic monocyte/macrophage-mediated lysis. Suppression of monocyte/macrophage cytotoxicity in later stages of HIV-1 infection (AIDS-related complex, AIDS) could partly be reverted by treatment with the cyclooxygenase blocker, indomethacin. The responsible arachidonic acid product mediating suppression was found to be prostaglandin E2, suggesting that in addition to the direct viral interference cellular dysfunction is at least in part a result of altered cytokine regulation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantitative assessment of the efficacy of oral ketoconazole for oral candidosis in HIV-infected patients.

Fifteen male patients with manifest oral candidosis due to Candida albicans, suffering from AIDS-related complex (ARC) or full-blown AIDS, were investigated both clinically and microbiologically before and about 1 and 4 weeks after 7 to 10 days of treatment with 200 mg ketoconazole p.o. per day. Candida albicans was quantitated in mouthwash fluid. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the Candida albicans isolates was assessed using the IC30 test. In the short term, clinical cure was obtained in 87%, mycological cure in 53%. In the long term, the corresponding figures were 56 and 9%, respectively. Eradication of Candida albicans was not possible if IC30 values exceeded 256 micrograms ml-1. While pretreatment counts of Candida albicans in those patients also taking zidovudine did not differ from those in the rest of the study population, both the clinical and the mycological efficacy of ketoconazole seem to be higher both in the short and the long term when administered together with zidovudine. In consideration of the high relapse rate after about 4 weeks, an interval treatment protocol with oral ketoconazole is proposed.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

Chemotherapeutic approaches to human immunodeficiency virus infections.

Since the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), various attempts have been made to control this fatal disorder. In the replicative cycle of HIV, several steps have been identified as attractive targets for antiviral chemotherapy. Sulfated polysaccharides can block the virion binding to the CD4 receptor. 2',3'-Dideoxynucleosides including 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) act as potent inhibitors of reverse transcriptase after intracellular phosphorylation. Only AZT and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine are available so far for the treatment of AIDS and AIDS-related complex. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors of HIV-1 and viral protease inhibitors are the new classes of compounds that are now extensively studied. These compounds may add a new dimension to the prospects of anti-AIDS chemotherapy.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1992

Influence on survival of p24 antigen levels in patients with AIDS or advanced AIDS related complex treated with zidovudine.

In a prospective study sixty-eight patients consecutively diagnosed as having AIDS or advanced ARC who were started on zidovudine therapy were followed up for a median period of 725 days. In the 20 patients who had a baseline p24 antigen level above 20 pg/ml, there was a statistically significant trend towards reduction of the p24 antigen levels after the first month of treatment. The median time of survival of the 68 patients was 702 days and the median symptom-free period was 510 days. Treatment with zidovudine significantly reduced the p24 antigen levels. However, the life expectancy and the symptom-free period were not statistically different in the patients with p24 antigen levels always below or with levels always above two arbitrarily chosen cut-off points of 20 pg/ml and 50 pg/ml, respectively.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1992

Epstein-Barr virus and HIV play no direct role in persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome.

Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) and polyclonal B cell activation are features of infection with HIV. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HIV are known to activate B cells in vitro, but whether they are important B cell activators in patients infected with HIV is less clear. In this study, lymph node tissue was obtained from 10 patients with PGL and assessed for evidence of EBV and HIV gene sequences. DNA was extracted and specific viral gene sequences identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). EBV sequences were difficult to detect in the PGL tissue, with a signal intensity similar to that of other benign and malignant lymphoid conditions not associated with EBV. HIV sequences were also rare in the PGL tissue, consistent with HIV infection of the small number of peripheral blood cells and nodal T cells likely to be present in such a sample. These findings suggest that the polyclonal B cell activation typical of HIV is not driven by direct EBV or HIV infection of B cells.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1992

Oral signs and symptoms in 160 Greek HIV-infected patients.

One hundred and sixty HIV-infected Greek patients were prospectively examined and the oral signs and symptoms were recorded. At the time of oral examination, 76 patients were asymptomatic seropositive, 47 were in ARC stage and 37 had AIDS. One or more oral findings were recorded in 90.6% of the patients while a total of 33 different lesions were observed. The more common oral lesions (highly suspicious) were candidiasis (61%), hairy leukoplakia (24%), periodontitis (19%), necrotizing gingivitis (11%) and Kaposi's sarcoma (12%). In addition some unclassified lesions or symptoms (xerostomia 26%, burning mouth syndrome 19%, patchy depapillated tongue 16%, hairy tongue 10%, exfoliative cheilitis 4%), were common while submandibular and cervical lymph node enlargement were found in 49% of the patients. Interestingly in 16 patients (10%) the suspicion of HIV infection was exclusively based on oral lesions. Our findings show that oral signs and symptoms are common and some times early manifestations of HIV infection and it is in association to those reported in previous studies.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The neuropathological findings in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): a review of 138 cases].

This is an autopsy study performed in a retrospective fashion to determine the incidence of diseases that could affect the central nervous system in AIDS. For this purpose, 138 autopsies of patients with AIDS performed at the "Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre", Brazil, between January/85 and December/90 were studied. All the brains were evaluated macroscopically and microscopically mainly through hematoxylin-eosin staining and if necessary special techniques like PAS, Grocott, Giemsa and Ziehl-Nielsen were done. Results have revealed 29 (21%) cases with cerebral toxoplasmosis; cryptococcosis in 17 (12%); tuberculosis in two (1%) and one case (0.7%) of candidiasis. Besides these inflammatory lesions, 15 (10%) presented vascular lesion; 8 (6%) had gliosis and 7 (5%) cases had suggestive findings of HIV encephalopathy. We can conclude that the CNS is a important target affected by AIDS and that cerebral toxoplasmosis is the principal disease in the CNS in AIDS patients.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1992

[Clinico-experimental study of mental processes in men with HIV infection].

A total of 55 males aged 19.5 to 62 years who were infected with HIV were examined psychopathologically+ and neuropsychologically by A.R. Luria's methods. Twenty-one of these patients were homosexuals. Syphilis was recorded in 34.7% in this group. Lymphadenopathy was the major clinical sign of HIV infection. Symptoms of organic involvements+ of the central nervous system were revealed by a psychopathological method. Neuropsychological studies detected dysfunction of the right cerebral hemisphere, particularly in a group of homosexuals suffering from syphilis.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of HIV antigens in cerebrospinal fluid and in serum of patients with both asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV infection].

Prevalence of HIV-Ag in both serum and CSF has been determined in 19 HIV infected patients, including 7 patients without any symptoms or only generalized lymphadenopathy, 5 patients with ARC and 7 patients with AIDS. The results have been correlated with clinically evident neurological disorders. HIV-Ag have been detected in 9 out of 12 patients with ARC (AIDS Related Complex) and AIDS. In 8 of them neurological disorders have been present. Out of the remaining 7 patients in only one HIV-Ag has been detected in CSF (p < 025). No correlation between the presence of HIV antigen in CSF and serum has been noted.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1992

Localization of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare within a skin lesion of bacillary angiomatosis in a patient with AIDS.

We report a 39-year-old man who had AIDS and who presented with an unusual cutaneous vascular lesion, which was clinically thought to be Kaposi's sarcoma. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by capillary proliferation and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate that included numerous histiocytes. The lesion was found to contain slender intracellular acid-fast bacilli, as well as plump extracellular Warthin-Starry-positive bacilli. The acid-fast bacilli were confirmed to be Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare by subsequent positive blood cultures for this organism. To further investigate the lesion, polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification and sequencing was performed, and the lesion was found to contain DNA sequences identical to those previously established for the agent of bacillary angiomatosis. The lesion is thought to represent a lesion of bacillary angiomatosis with secondary involvement by M. avium-intracellulare.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

Comparative antigenic analysis of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) isolates from AIDS patients.

Sonicates of several Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) strains isolated from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients were characterized in order to study the prominent antigens of these strains. Sonicates of 6-week-old cultures were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting. A major 12 kDa glycoprotein antigen was observed in all the sonicates along with other proteins ranging up to 100 kDa. Western blotting, using the 12 kDa M. leprae 'specific' murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) MLO6, indicated the presence of a determinant in the 12 kDa antigen (in all the MAC isolates studied) which was immunologically cross-reactive with the 12 kDa antigen of M. leprae. The transparent variant of MAC 101 also demonstrated MLO6 reactivity while the opaque variant did not. Polyclonal antiserum raised against MAC 101 sonicate reacted with all the MAC isolates in immunodiffusion. These observations point to the cross-reactivity between these strains and suggest that they possess a M. leprae 'specific' determinant on a cross-reacting component which could be involved in virulence.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

Viruses, chemotherapy and immunity.

An increasing number of antiviral agents are presently in various stages of development and testing, and an increasing number have recently been licensed for use in humans. These drugs have been used extensively to treat viral infections in immunocompromised individuals, and these studies indicate that for many antiviral agents the response to therapy is highly dependent on the integrity of the underlying host immune response. In particular, the response to zidovudine, acyclovir and ganciclovir in persons with HIV-1 infection is highly dependent upon CD4 number, which can be considered a surrogate marker for the state of host immune function in these subjects. Responses to interferons likewise can be shown to depend on the host immune response, with responses due to both direct antiviral effects of this agent as well as immunomodulatory effects mediated through interferon-induced upregulation of HLA molecule expression. The interdependence of host immunity with antiviral efficacy is underscored by the increased antiviral drug resistance in persons with advanced degrees of chronic immunosuppression, related to the higher level of viral replication and viraemia which occurs in the absence of an effective host immune response. Further definition of the precise mechanisms of these interactions should facilitate the rational design of antiviral agents and immunomodulatory therapies to improve treatment of viral infections.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗