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Results for “ACETYLCHOLINE/physiology”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1957

Inhibition by morphine of the release of acetylcholine from the intestine of the guinea-pig.

In experiments on the isolated small intestine of the guinea-pig, morphine inhibited the release of acetylcholine (ACh) into the bath fluid. Experimental evidence is presented which suggests that the reduced release of ACh could not be explained by an inhibition of the synthesis of ACh, nor by stabilization of the bound form of ACh in the tissue. Apparently morphine reduces the excitability of postganglionic structures and thereby the liberation of ACh from nerve endings during the process of excitation.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1957

The action of morphine and related substances on contraction and on acetylcholine output of coaxially stimulated guinea-pig ileum.

Morphine depresses the twitch and tetanus of stimulated guinea-pig ileum by reducing acetylcholine released from cholinergic nerve endings. Acetylcholine output per shock falls to roughly the same residual amount at varying stimulation rates. Since normal output per shock declines with increasing stimulus frequency, the proportionate effect of morphine diminishes as stimulus frequency rises. Acute "tolerance" to morphine and a state of "morphinedependence" can be produced. Phenadoxone, dihydromorphinone, metopon, methadone, and heroin are more active, codeine and pethidine less active, than morphine. Nalorphine also depresses the twitch and can desensitize the gut both to itself and to morphine.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1962

Effect of cooling, local anaesthetic compounds and botulinum toxin on the responses of and the acetylcholine output from the electrically transmurally stimulated isolated guinea-pig ileum.

Electrical transmural stimulation of the isolated guinea-pig ileum preparation which was distended by an intraluminal pressure insufficient to elicit peristalsis produced two effects, one a longitudinal contraction and the other an emptying response brought about by a co-ordinated propagated contraction of the circular muscle. The parameters of the electrical stimulus used were such that these effects were probably produced by stimulation of the nervous plexuses in the wall of the ileum. In the presence of the anticholinesterase NN-diisopropylphosphodiamidic fluoride (Mipafox), acetylcholine was detected in the fluid passing through the lumen and also in the fluid in the organ bath. The amount was increased after a period of electrical stimulation. As variation of the frequency of stimulation from 5/min to 25/sec did not alter statistically significantly the acetylcholine output, a frequency of 5/min was used. Cooling to 13 degrees C, the effect of local anaesthetic compounds and botulinum toxin reduced both the emptying response and longitudinal contractions of the ileum which followed transmural stimulation, with a concurrent reduction in acetylcholine output. It was concluded that the acetylcholine was released by electrical transmural stimulation from the intramural nerve plexuses in the wall of the guinea-pig ileum.

Acetylcholine↗