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Results for “Serial Learning”

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PubMed1979

Digit span estimation and the effects of explicit strategy training on recall of EMR individuals.

Accuracy of digit span estimation by EMR subjects at two different MA levels, 8 and 11, was assessed. The effects of explicit strategy training, generalized instruction, and no training on recall performance and apportionment of study time were compared. The older group was more realistic in their digit span estimation than was the younger group. Explicit strategy training facilitated digit recall and evoked longer study times than did the other conditions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Serial habituation or regression to the mean?

The serial habituation hypothesis states that the order that infants fixate and habituate to component features of a complex form is determined by the salience of those features. Infants' fixation of the most salient feature of a complex form is reduced after exposure to that complex form, supporting the serial habituation hypothesis. Regression to the mean can also explain this result. In the present study, 4-month-olds were either presented with a complex form containing the relevant feature, or they were presented with another complex form lacking that feature. If the reduction in fixation to the most salient feature is due to the presentation of the complex form, then a reduction in fixation should only be observed in the condition in which the complex form containing that feature was presented. A reduction was observed in both conditions supporting a regression to the mean interpretation of the data.

Female↗
PubMed1979

A cross-cultural study of cognitive development.

This Monograph summarizes a comparative study of recall memory among children from two Guatemalan towns and one American city. The age interval of greatest improvement in serial recall of pictures, words and orientations of dolls varied across settings by as much as 4-6 years, but performance improved with age in all communities. It was suggested that the activation of varied strategies to aid recall memory emerged in all children during the preadolescent years, but environmental factors, as yet unspecified, determined both the slope of the growth function and its asymptotic level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hemispheric functioning in paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenia.

Letter-naming and dot enumeration tasks, designed to elicit left and right hemisphere functioning, respectively, were presented tachistoscopically to paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics, nonschizophrenic psychiatry controls, and normal subjects. Types of information-processing used by paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics were also examined. All groups identified letters with greater accuracy with left hemisphere presentation. Group differences in the letter task disappeared once education was controlled. No hemisphere effect was found for dot enumeration but group differences emerged. As predicted, paranoids and controls processed the dots serially and hence decreased in accuracy over frame size. Nonparanoids processed in an automatic mode, revealing the same degree of accuracy over all dot sizes. The poorer performance of the nonparanoids in dot enumeration is discussed in terms of the task requiring bilateral processing and the nonparanoids' failure to integrate the processing of left and right hemispheres.

Adult↗