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At least 1,783 records · Page 99Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[CO2 "wash-out" : a factor contributing to increase myocardial performance in the face of hypoxia (author's transl)].

The cardiovascular system of the anaesthetized dog has been used as an experimental model for studying the mechanisms of the haemodynamic responses to hypoxia. Together with aortic and left circumflex coronary artery blood flow (electromagnetic flow transducers), aortic and left ventricular pressures have been recorded and blood has been sampled from the aorta and the coronary sinus (PO2, PCO2, pH). During short periods of hypoxia an improvement of myocardial performance has been observed both before and after administration of a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker and a marked reduction of coronary sinus PCO2 has been noted. When hypoxia was caused by a mixture of nitrogen (95%) and CO2 (5%) an improvement of performance was observed only before administration of the beta-blocker. The slope of the relationship between PCSCO2 and cardiac performance was found to be similar before and after administration of the beta-blocker and also similar to that observed in studies of the response of the isolated heart muscle to acute hypocapnia. Besides beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation, a reduction of coronary sinus PCO2 (CO2 wash-out due to an increase of coronary blood flow) could be a factor contributing to the maintenance of myocardial performance in the face of hypoxia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacological protection of hypoxic heart.

The ability of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, with and without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and of verapamil to protect the heart against hypoxia-induced damage was investigated. Damage was quantitated in terms of a raised end-diastolic resting tension and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) release. The results indicate that both the d and the l isomers act differently, the isomers preventing CPK release and the d isomers preventing the increase in resting tension.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative evaluation of the clinical action of a series of beta-adrenergic blockaders].

A comparative clinical study of the efficacy of Benzoral, Trasicor, Viskene, Aptene, Eraldine and Inderal was conducted in the ischaemic heart disease patients. Their antiarrhythmic and antianginal effect was determined, as well as their optimum therapeutic dosages, the activity of their specific beta-adrenolytic properties, the effect of the drugs on the bronchi and the peripheral venous tone. Apart from the clinical study, electro- and polycardiography, functional pulmonary tests and the Schellong orthostatic test were used. All the drugs in question were found to produce a distinct specific beta-blocking effect. They are effective in cases of atrial and ventricular extrasystole, paroxysmal tachycardia, sinus tachycardia and tachyarrhythmic fibrillation, as well as for the prevention of anginal attacks and arrhythmic fibrillation. All the drugs produce a negative inotropic effect, Inderal--the strongest, Viskene and Benzoral--the weakest. All beta-blockers can impair bronchial patency in patients with bronchial obstruction. This effect is least pronounced with Eraldine that may be used as the drug of choice in such cases. In most cases the beta-blockers do not affect the peripheral venous tone, but in some cases they may reduce it.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in the treatment of patients with angina pectoris.

Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) may be less effective in the treatment of patients with angina pectoris than some others that lack this property. A review of 14 trials comparing beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug with ISA and those without ISA in angina pectoris has been made. The overall picture emerges from both acute and chronic studies using subjective and objective endpoints, that there is no striking difference in effectiveness between the two kinds of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs. The one exception is pindolol (a drug with ISA) which, at higher doses, has been shown to be consistently worse than propranolol (a drug without ISA). The reasons for the similarity between propranolol and other bets-blocking drugs with ISA in the trials cited are either that the trial design was defective (the trials were mainly fixed dose comparisons) or that the stimulant effects of those drugs with ISA is not of sufficient magnitude to make a difference. It is suggested that further carefully constructed clinical trials should be carried out before the second reason can be accepted.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Simultaneous mitral valve replacement and ligation of persistent ductus arteriosus; a case report.

The successful simultaneous closure of a persistent ductus arteriosus and mitral valve replacement in a 65-year-old woman with pulmonary hypertension is reported. The approach through a left thoracotomy gave good exposure and momentary cessation of cardiopulmonary bypass made ligation of the calcified ductus possible. Although this seems to be a rare association, when mitral valve disease is significant the simultaneous closure of the duct and mitral valve surgery is the treatment of choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Effects of sympatholytic agents on amanita phalloides toxicity in the rat.

Some sympatholytic agents have been tested for the ability to counteract either the hepatotoxic or the lethal effect of A. phalloides in rats. Propranolol displayed a marked preventive action on the liver damage induced by the poison, but only a moderate influence on the lethality. Reserpine was uneffective in terms of liver derangement, but exerted some protection against the general toxic effect of A. phalloides. Other alpha- or beta-adrenolytic compounds failed to afford any significant protection with respect to both liver injury and lethality. It is suggested that propranolol might interfere with transport or binding of phallotoxins to the liver.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modern doctoring.

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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗