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PubMed2003

[Radiation-induced skin reactions (except malignant tumors)].

The aim of this work, synthesized from personal case reports and a review of literature is to describe cutaneous complications of radiation therapy (except radiation-induced cancers): known and frequent such as radiation dermatitis or less frequent, beginning or strictly limited on irradiated skin areas: acne, infectious diseases, dyskeratosis, Grover's disease, sub-cutaneous pustulosis, cutaneous lichen, morphea, autoimmune bullous dermatosis, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Furthermore, we try to precise the physiopathogenic mechanisms of these dermatosis and we want to draw the attention on these dermatoses which sometimes need a multidisciplinary approach.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1992

Dermatoses in the canning industry--the roles of glove use and non-occupational exposures.

Primary prevention is the mainstay of management of occupational dermatoses. Despite the high rates of dermatoses found in a study of 686 female workers in a canning factory in March 1990, use of protective gloves was extremely low, even though there was evidence that they prevented acute paronychia and intertrigo. Reasons associated with low glove use were unavailability, discomfort and workers' failure to perceive a protective role for gloves. Difficulties with replacement of damaged gloves were an important cause of unavailability. Domestic and other non-occupational exposure at the workplace appeared to be unimportant in the development of dermatoses. Important preventive interventions are possible in the industry to reduce the rates of dermatoses among the workforce.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Contact dermatoses in healthcare workers: reduction in type I latex allergy in a UK centre.

Natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy has been recognized as a public health concern. NRL allergy frequently occurs in healthcare professionals. In this retrospective study we report the changing frequency of Type I NRL allergy amongst healthcare workers suffering from hand dermatitis referred to our department between 1996 and 2003. We identified 224 healthcare workers from the patch test database with a diagnosis of hand dermatitis who had undergone NRL skin prick testing (SPT). We report the SPT results, patch test results and diagnoses for each individual. The percentage of positive SPT to NRL in healthcare workers decreased from 62% in 1996 to 10% in 2003. Type IV allergy to fragrance mix (13%) was the most frequent cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Thiuram mix (8%) and carba mix (4%) were the most frequent indicators of type IV allergy to chemicals in rubber gloves. Fragrance allergy was the most frequent type IV allergen found in healthcare workers with hand dermatitis. We conclude that hand care preparations free from fragrance allergens should be available in all areas of clinical work.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperpigmentation of the distal phalanx in healthy Caucasian neonates.

Transient alterations in pigmentation are frequently observed in black neonates, but to our knowledge, have not previously been reported in Caucasian infants. In 54 Caucasian newborns, we found at least mild periungual hyperpigmentation similar to the variation in coloration in the periungual region of many black newborns. This pigmentation should be added to the transient benign dermatoses of Caucasian infants.

Age Distribution↗

PubMed2003

Computer-related skin diseases.

The use of computers has increased vastly, occupationally as well as for private use, and in the last decade, a number of reports have been published in which skin problems are ascribed to the (intensive) use of computers. Not only irritant or mechanically induced contact dermatitis has been reported but also allergic contact dermatitis. As this appears to be a new group of occupational dermatoses, we present a brief overview of these cases, and aetiologic factors are discussed.

Computers↗

PubMed1997

Dermatoses among housekeeping personnel.

BACKGROUND: Housekeepers are exposed to irritants and allergens in their work and are at significant risk for developing occupationally induced contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVE: We studied housekeepers at the Hershey Medical Center to determine the cause and frequency of contact dermatitis and contact urticaria in these workers. METHODS: All housekeepers were examined. Those with hand dermatitis had an extensive history, patch testing, and latex RAST testing. RESULTS: Eight of 130 had hand dermatitis. None had a relevant positive patch test or positive RAST test. CONCLUSIONS: Of our housekeepers, 6.2% had occupationally induced irritant contact dermatitis. None had allergic contact dermatitis or contact urticaria to latex.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from antioxidant amines in a dental technician.

We describe an 18-year-old dental technician who presented with dry hyperkeratotic lesions on his left palm that were limited to an area that was in contact with a container in which he had prepared the molds for a dental prosthesis. On patch testing, he had a positive reaction to black rubber mix and its components N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diphenyl-4-phenylenediamine, and N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine, as well as to a piece of the rubber container. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of a piece of the rubber container confirmed the presence of the para-phenylenediamine mix. Results of patch-testing with TLC were positive after 48 and 96 hours. The lesions resolved when the patient stopped using the container. The patient was diagnosed with occupational allergic contact dermatitis. We also review the dermatoses caused by antioxidant amines.

2-Naphthylamine↗

PubMed2005

Efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide in various acquired nail dystrophies.

The treatment of nail disorders is currently an unsatisfying exercise. Isolated nail involvement generally does not warrant any systemic therapy. At the same time, treatment is requested because of significant cosmetic and functional handicap. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in the proximal nail fold was evaluated as a treatment modality in 30 patients with twenty-nail dystrophy, 14 with nail lichen planus, and 6 with nail psoriasis. The number of involved nails varied from 1-20, and 1-10 nails were treated with TA. Fourteen patients discontinued treatment after 1-2 sittings. Out of the 28 patients completing the treatment protocol, 16 showed 75-100% improvement. Predominant side effects included pain, subungual hematoma formation, proximal nail fold hypopigmentation, and atrophy. TA given as a single injection in the proximal nail fold produced good improvement in a significant number of patients completing the treatment protocol. Lower concentrations of TA (5 mg/ml) were quite effective in treating various dermatoses affecting the nail unit. Our technique had fewer side effects than needle-less injection or multiple injection techniques. Careful attention to injection technique further minimized the side effects associated with the procedure. Sixteen patients completed the six-month follow-up and a relapse of nail changes was seen in 10. The relapses were equally responsive to retreatment. TA injected into the proximal nail fold area is a useful, cheap and efficacious treatment for dermatoses affecting the nail unit.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Changes in occupational health problems and adverse patient reactions in orthodontics from 1987 to 2000.

The purpose of the present investigation was to assess the reasons for changes in occupational health problems and patient reactions to orthodontic treatment after a survey carried out in 1987. Questionnaire data on occupation-related health complaints and patient reactions over the preceding 2 years were obtained from 121 of 170 Norwegian orthodontists (71 per cent). Most health complaints were dermatoses of the hands and fingers related to the processing of acrylic removable appliances, to composite bonding materials, or gloves. A few reactions were of a respiratory or systemic nature. In total, occupation-related dermatoses were reported by 17.4 per cent (21/121) compared with 40 per cent previously. Non-dermal complaints comprised 9 per cent compared with 18.2 per cent in 1987. Patient reactions were distributed equally between intra-oral reactions affecting lips, gingiva, oral mucosa, and tongue, and dermal reactions affecting the corner of the mouth, the dorsal part of the neck, the peri-oral area, cheeks, chin or skin elsewhere. A few patients had systemic reactions. The assumed eliciting agents of intra-oral reactions were fixed metallic appliances, acrylic removable appliances, polymer brackets or composite bonding materials, or were related to elastics. Extra-oral (dermal) reactions were attributed to metallic, elastic or textile parts of the extra-oral appliances. Some reactions were verified as allergies. The percentage of patient reactions in total was estimated to be 0.3-0.4 per cent compared with 0.8-0.9 per cent in 1987. The reduction in occupation-related health complaints among orthodontists was explained by changes in previously important hygiene factors such as soaps, detergents, etc., whereas the biomaterials-related reactions persisted. The reduction in the 2 year incidence of patient reactions was associated with a marked reduction in extra-oral reactions following preventive measures such as coating metallic devices, whereas the intra-oral reactions persisted at the same level as previously.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed1994

A clinical and patch test study in a tall-oil rosin factory.

Rosin of different sources is commonly used in many technical products and is known to cause contact allergy. The aim of the present investigation was to study the frequency of occupational dermatoses and of contact allergy to rosin in a factory producing tall-oil rosin. 163/180 present employees and 17/35 former employees participated in the study, which consisted of interview, clinical examination and patch testing with a standard series and additional rosins. 1/4 of those examined had some kind of current skin lesion. There were 10 cases of hand eczema. 7 subjects were patch-test-positive to gum rosin in the standard series. This frequency is about the same as among dermatitis patients at our clinic. Only 1 reaction to tall-oil rosin and none to the modified rosins tested were found. No relation between a positive patch test reaction to rosin and current skin disease could be established. No case of ongoing occupational skin disease was proved.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Colchicine treatment in a patient with neutrophilic dermatosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Neutrophilic dermatoses (ND) are characterized by epidermal and dermal infiltrates of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), without any infectious or other detectable agents as a cause. We describe a case of ND, which very rapidly improved upon colchicine treatment. The patient was a 67-year-old female with an 8-month history of dusky-red, tender, swollen plaques and nodules with superimposed vesicles and bullae on the buttocks, hands, and ankles associated with rheumatoid arthritis. The diagnosis of ND was made on the basis of the clinical and histopathological features of the skin lesions. She was treated with 0.6 mg of oral colchicine twice daily. Within one week, the erythematous plaques and arthralgia began to recede and disappeared within four weeks. In our case, colchicine seemed to improve the signs and symptoms of ND and appeared to be more effective than the other drugs we had used.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Accentuated viral exanthems in areas of inflammation.

Types of lesions and patterns of distribution aid in the recognition of viral exanthems. Varicella and hand-foot-and-mouth disease can appear atypically in areas of inflammation. We describe 5 cases of morphologically altered exanthems that localized early and preferentially to areas of inflammation.

Chickenpox↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The less common occupational dermatoses.

Contact dermatitis and nonmelanoma skin cancer are the most common occupational skin disorders in North America, but there are many other occupational dermatoses that illustrate the wide range of pathological and adaptive responses of the skin to workplace exposure. Discussed are acne, chemically induced leukoderma, nail diseases, contact-related burns, high-pressure injection injuries, contact urticaria, heat reactions and photosensitivity, and infections.

Burns, Chemical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevention of formaldehyde-induced occupational dermatoses in health care personnel].

Prevention of Occupational Dermatoses due to Formaldehyde in Employees of the Public Health System Occupational dermatoses lead all occupational diseases in employees of the Public Health and Social System in the district of Schwerin from 1977 to 1985. Disinfectants with formaldehyde which mainly produced allergic dermatoses were the main reasons. By substitution of formaldehyde as disinfectant and the accomplishing of contact-free technologies for cleaning purposes, occupational skin diseases in employees of the Public Health and Social System could obviously be reduced.

Dermatitis, Contact↗

PubMed1990

Analysis of 250 consecutively evaluated cases of workers' disability claims for dermatitis.

Two hundred fifty individuals who filed claims for workers' disability compensation benefits for work-related dermatoses were evaluated in the private-practice setting of the author. Preset standard guidelines were used to assess the validity of work relevancy for each claimant. The findings in this retrospective study that included workers from 14 different industrial milieus revealed that 127 of 250 examinees had skin findings that were consistent with the respective workplace exposure.

Allergens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mycosis fungoides palmaris et plantaris--an unusual variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) represents a low-risk, cutaneous, non-Hodgkin, T-cell lymphoma with a wide spectrum of clinicopathological manifestations and therefore may mimic a number of other dermatoses. Sometimes the clinical diversity makes the diagnosis of MF, and especially its atypical forms, challenging. We report on an 18-year old male patient, who had been previously diagnosed with palmoplantar eczema. Clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular findings revealed an atypical case of MF.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Contact dermatoses from disposable glove use: a review.

Contact dermatoses from disposable gloves are being reported with greater frequency. A variety of eruptions can occur. These have become increasingly relevant for dermatologists, who for most procedures now use disposable gloves. This article represents a review of the relevant issues about the use of disposable gloves by dermatologists. Methods of management and prevention of morbidity associated with disposable glove use will also be discussed.

Dermatitis, Contact↗

PubMed2004

[Allergic occupational dermatoses. Role of in vitro studies in diagnosis and prevention].

Recently published guidelines only recommended in vitro assays for atopy screening by the determination of specific IgE antibodies in occupational cutaneous allergic diseases. However further indications include latex allergy, occupational drug allergy and wasp/ bee venom allergy. The lymphocyte transformation test may be an alternative to the patch test, in order to differentiate allergy from irritancy, or it may be an alternative to the patch test if hazardous compounds such as carcinogens are the possible antigens.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗