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1,777 records · Page 99Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Predicting red blood cell transfusions in very low birth weight infants based on clinical risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical factors most predictive of red blood cell transfusion in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of VLBW infants cared for at a single level III NICU during a two year period, n = 199. RESULTS: Overall transfusion requirement was 4.6 +/- 6.2 transfusions/infant/hospital course. Length of hospital stay, days of mechanical ventilation, requirement for dopamine support, birth weight, initial hematocrit, periventricular leukomalacia and necrotizing enterocolitis all independently correlated with number of transfusions and donors. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus were associated with donor but not transfusion number. CONCLUSIONS: Our data characterize the population of VLBW infants with the greatest blood transfusion and donor requirement. Further investigation is needed to target this population for interventions to reduce blood exposure.

Anemia, Neonatal↗
PubMed1997

Cancer plan.

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Delaware↗
PubMed1976

DELRO update.

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Delaware↗
PubMed1998

Thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism (C677T) and total homocysteine concentration among African-American and white women.

A polymorphism associated with a thermolabile variant (C677T) of the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase has been associated with both elevated total homocysteine (tHcy) levels and risk for cardiovascular disease. Data from the Stroke Prevention in Young Women Study were used to determine the prevalence of the C677T genotype and to assess whether environmental factors modified the association between genotype and tHcy concentration. The C677T genotype prevalence was 80% -/-, 20% +/-, and 0% +/+ among 46 African-American women; and 39% -/-, 53% +/-, and 8% +/+ among 77 white women (P < 0.01). There was a trend toward higher tHcy levels in African-American women with the +/- genotype when compared with the -/- genotype (6.9 mumol/L vs 5.3 mumol/L respectively, p = 0.10); no association was found among the white women (6.0 mumol/L, -/-; 4.5 mumol/L, +/-; and 6.2 mumol/L, +/+; p = 0.67). Among African American women, those who smoked and were +/- genotype had the highest tHcy levels (8.0 mumol/L); while among white women, those who smoked and were -/- had the highest tHcy levels (8.1 mumol/L). Despite being hampered by a limited sample size, the thermolabile allele is significantly less common among African-American than white women. The association between genotype and tHcy concentration is influenced by smoking and multivitamin use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Teeth white and fair.

Most dentists practicing today, in fact most dentists living today, accept porcelain, in one form or another, as a fundamental determinant of dental armamentarium. It must be remembered, however, that porcelain, in spite of some admonishments by the Chicken Littles, has not and is not about to fall like the sky. A great amount of purpose, intellect, and dedication proffered by porcelain's protagonists was the springboard that eventually led to near total acceptance of that product by dentists and the public they treated. Porcelain's introduction, however, was not accompanied by a professional unity that orchestrated its arrival with a blare of bugles and a ruffle of drums. Rather, the early proponents and opponents churned and swiped at each other for some decades. Teeth White and Fair recounts the origin, struggle, and growth of an early porcelain manufacturing company; the diversity of the men involved in the production of porcelain; the profession's dichotomy regarding the acceptance of porcelain; and the details of manufacture of that then embryonic dental product. Finally, the reader is given a peek at evolving cosmetic oriented materials that desire to garner ascension as valued players on the stages of cosmetic dental restorative materials.

Delaware↗
PubMed1998

Geographical, seasonal, and sex dynamics of Shipleya inermis (Cestoidea: Dioecocestidae) in Limnodromus griseus Gmelin (Aves: Charadriiformes).

We recovered the cestode Shipleya inermis from 79 of 82 short-billed dowitchers, Limnodromus griseus Gmelin, collected at various locations and times along their migratory route. Previous studies that examined various aspects of the cestode's biology were limited to North America. Data collected from North and South America in the present study provide new information on the geographical and seasonal distribution of this cestode. Although prevalence of infection was high at all times of the year, mean abundance varied from season to season and was significantly higher during the winter months than in the summer, suggesting that most recruitment takes place on the wintering grounds. Sexually mature and gravid cestodes were recovered at all locations, indicating S. inermis is a ubiquitous parasite within the host's range. Shipleya inermis showed a marked tendency to occur in pairs of male and female strobila. Analysis of the patterns of occurrence suggests that S. inermis is a protogynous hermaphrodite that usually becomes regionally dioecious, possibly in response to some form of interaction between individuals.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Risks for HIV infection among persons residing in rural areas and small cities--selected sites, southern United States, 1995-1996.

The southern region of the United States accounts for the largest proportion (34%) of the 641,086 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases reported through 1997 and for 54% of the 58,689 AIDS cases among persons residing in rural areas (CDC, unpublished data, 1998). This report describes characteristics of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who reside in rural areas and small cities of the southern United States and indicates that, before infection, there was a low prevalence of perceived risk.

Adolescent↗