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PubMedDate not supplied

Making PACS the present, not the future.

Why haven't you moved forward with PACS? Have you just procrastinated or does your facility have legitimate reasons? Some say the technology is too confusing or too new, while others say the cost of PACS is too high. Many facilities say they haven't found a satisfactory way to deal with the conflicting opinions of their radiologists, IS department, administration, referring physicians and staff. Take time to compare the technology you do understand with something familiar such as your own PC or perhaps the current networks inside your facility. You'll soon begin to see that PACS is not a new technology, but rather a new methodology. To handle the perceived high cost of PACS, remember that every facility has different needs. Look at your work flow and then the many byproducts of PACS, such as marketing. If you are the first in your area to implement this new technology, you'll gain a marketing advantage in competing for referring physicians and managed care referral business. Follow the process you use to purchase other products, such as CT or MRI, as you investigate the vendors. Finally, make a plan! Determine departmental goals and gather information from vendors. Create a timeline, a financial plan and your marketing strategy. Together, these steps will help move PACS into the present for you.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1998

The state of the computer-based patient record.

Value, experiments, promises, disappointments, hype, compromises, and change all characterize the status of the computer-based patient record (CPR). An industry expert offers some perspective on where the CPR has been and where it's going.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1999

Designing appropriate rehabilitation technology: a mobility device for women with ambulatory disabilities in India.

Mobility is an essential requirement for personal independence and social participation. For persons with an ambulatory disability, a lack of mobility creates barriers to the realization of these goals. In developed countries, significant research and development has resulted in the technological advancement of assistive devices. Unfortunately, transfer of these technologies to developing countries has proven difficult. Consequently, effort has been directed at designing appropriate technology in these countries--most often in the form of wheelchairs and hand-driven tricycles. For activities within and around the home, however, especially in cultures where many activities are traditionally performed on the floor, wheelchairs and tricycles are often inappropriate solutions. In response to this, a novel mobility device has been designed for use by women with ambulatory disabilities living in rural and low-income areas of India. The device is intended to assist the user in performing activities of daily living which occur within and near the home, and at ground level. To this end, the device conceptually differs from traditional wheelchair designs in that it physically keeps the rider near to the floor. This paper describes the new device as well as the cross-cultural and cross-professional collaborative methodology used in its design.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1999

HIV risk behaviors, intentions, and perceptions among Namibian youth as assessed by a theory-based questionnaire.

Considerable progress has been made in the United States and Europe regarding HIV risk prevention efforts targeting adolescents. However, in Africa less progress has been made to date. This article address three questions: Can risk assessment questionnaires developed in Western countries be modified so as to be appropriate for use in African countries? Are social cognitive models appropriate in African settings? Does covariation among risk behaviors occur among youth residing in African countries? The data was obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted among 922 youth ages 12 to 18 years living in school-based hostels in Namibia. Data were collected using a theory-based risk assessment questionnaire. One third of the youth were sexually experienced, three quarters of whom had engaged in sexual intercourse in the previous 6 months. Over one third of these youth had had more that one sexual partner in the previous 6 months and over one half had not used a condom at last episode of intercourse. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire and the relationship between perceptions and behaviors provide evidence that theory-based questionnaires developed in Western countries can be modified for use in different cultural settings. The data also provide strong evidence of covariation between risk behaviors among Namibian youth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Problems of ergonomics in Bali, Indonesia.

Development in Indonesia, particularly in Bali, has been planned and done through several stages of the Five-Year Development Programs, which started in 1969, and emphasized intensification of agriculture and extensification of industries related to potential resources available in the region. In the process, industrialization, being regarded as a prerequisite to higher living standards, brought with it problems concerning safety, health, and work conditions, especially with respect to transfer of technology. As examples, experiences and data, related particularly to ergonomics in the sectors of agriculture, hotel business, textile mills, transportation, and others in Bali, Indonesia, are reported. In dealing with such possible consequences of development, efforts to find fundamental solutions should be given the highest priority. It is necessary to make use of all the existing institutions having potential functions and roles in the policy of development planning, and to take into consideration the factors of safety, health, and work conditions in specifying technical and financial development projects for industrialization.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1998

Information technology, best practices, and care management: Part II.

As we approach the 21st Century, the health care industry will face an increasing number of challenges in dealing with managed care, one of which is information technology, or the lack thereof. In the conclusion of a two-part article, the author explains that these developing technologies will speed the next revolution in health care, a revolution that will increasingly recognize how vital care management will be to the future of health care delivery.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed1998

Ending the technology paradox: healthcare management technologies for clinical decision making.

As this article has shown, advances are beginning to put an end to the technology paradox that has hindered the industry's efforts to manage care better. Whereas in the past the management side of the healthcare industry has been slow to adopt new technologies, recent years have seen an explosion in the development and use of new tools for managing care. Most of these tools have traditionally focused on managing the administrative and financial aspects of providing care; however, that has also begun to change. Software systems incorporating clinical decision support criteria permit healthcare professionals to make clinical decision-making part of the care management process conveniently and efficiently. Clinical decision support criteria are also helping to change the focus of managed care. At the beginning of the managed care era, insurers and managed care companies concentrated primarily on reigning in costs, in many cases by restricting the types and duration of care provided to their members. Although these restrictions succeeded in conserving resources, they also helped foster an uneasy atmosphere between payers and providers, many of whom felt that their clinical judgment was too often overruled by the "bean counters." At the same time, many healthcare consumers grew to distrust both managed care professionals and providers, feeling that medical decisions were often made for the wrong reasons. However, as managed care companies have acknowledged that the most efficient way to provide care is to provide appropriate care, the focus has begun to move toward the clinical side of healthcare. Although healthcare organizations are still relying on financial management tools, they are also looking for systems that can make the clinical decision-making process more efficient and effective. The end result is that the healthcare industry is able to assure the best, most appropriate treatment while conserving resources. With the constant stream of new technologies into the healthcare management arena, healthcare professionals will have access to new tools to make the management process even more efficient. The healthcare industry's technology paradox will soon be a thing of the past.

Decision Support Systems, Clinical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telemedicine, hospital viability, and community embeddedness: a case study.

Many hospitals today struggle to remain competitive through the adoption of medical technology or expansion of hospital services. This article presents a case study of one hospital's attempt to remain viable through the adoption of telemedicine. Through a 17-year analysis of local hospital-related news reports, it is argued that a hospital's relationship to the local community can affect the success and potential of such innovations. Establishing a pattern of trust and support between the local community and hospital should therefore be an important step in increasing hospital viability.

Community-Institutional Relations↗