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At least 1,765 records · Page 98Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Fracture of the tarsal navicular bone in childhood--therapy and functional follow-up].

Using two patients as examples we describe the therapy and results of children with fractures of the tarsale os navicular. A conservative therapy is striven generally for slight dislocated fractures without interruption in the articular facet. At dislocated fractures, fractures with luxation or interruption of the articular facet an open reposition and retention with K-wire or screw is recommendable. Our functional check-up by means of dynamic pedography, the measurement of pressure, force and time under the sole locally and time wise dissolved, show subjectively not visible standard deviations, which normalized during a period by about 1 1/2 years. Differential diagnosis are aseptic bone necrosis as well as additional apophysis.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1995

[Unilateral, paramedian spinal contusion after athletic injury with complete recovery].

The acute injury of the spinal column and the spinal cord asks for immediate diagnostic techniques and adequate therapeutical intensive care in order to secure the possibility of a maximum of neurologic recovery. An impact trauma of the spinal cord in sports accidents can cause an incomplete paraplegia. In some cases, morphologic lesions of the myelon cannot be detected. We present an exceptional and striking case of a 15-year old young woman who suffered from a contusio spinalis after high jump with the clinical signs of an incomplete, sensomotoric paraplegia which showed a strictly unilateral and paramedian border at the right side of her body for about two weeks. Additionally, the diagnostic possibilities of physical examination, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and neurophysiologic diagnostic techniques in detecting spinal cord injuries are demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Isolated injury of the subscapular muscle tendon].

Avulsion of the subscapularis tendon is caused by a combined abduction and external rotation trauma of the upper limb. Weakness of internal rotation and a positive apprehension test are clinical signs of the injury. A fracture of the lesser tuberosity in the x-ray film or a disruption of the subscapularis tendon documented in dynamic sonography of the shoulder clarify the diagnosis. Operative treatment is indicated of prevent weakness of internal rotation as well as anterior instability. This recommendation is supported by four cases with full range of motion and good anterior stability after surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Dislocation of the thumb saddle joint as a rare sports injury].

This report deals with 4 dislocations of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb during the period 1957-1983 as an injury caused by sports. 3 dislocations could be found in boxing, one was caused by a fall from a horizontal bar. All of them were closed: two times the dislocation was to the dorsal, one to the dorso-ulnar and one to the dorso-radial side. Closed dislocations do not require operative treatment. Reduction and immobilisation for four weeks in a plaster splint with inclusion of the thumb were sufficient, recurrence of the dislocation did not occur. Correct bandage and the use of effective boxing gloves are of great importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Contorsionists and athlete at competitive sports events - acquired hypermobility (author's transl)].

The problems of hypermobility are getting more and more important. Whereas at high-performance competitive events extraordinary results are achieved in some disciplines by means of early and extremely intensive training aiming at improved flexibility, professional acrobats are not so much the center of attraction as they used to be. This article reports on the basis of examination of 16 competitive sportswomen on a national level, on extreme forms of mobility and on the clinical and radiological findings in "indiarubber" contorsionists and "Klischnigg" acrobats. It was possible to observe and follow up the progression of the extremely rare case of a spondylolysis the lumbar vertebrae L 31 and L 32 as well as concomitant olisthesis L 3/4 and L 5/S 1, over a period of 25 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Fitness trails.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Gymnastics↗
PubMed2002

Gains in hip bone mass from high-impact training are maintained: a randomized controlled trial in children.

OBJECTIVES: We previously reported significant gains in hip and spine bone mass after 7 months of high-impact training in 89 prepubertal children. Our aim in this investigation was to evaluate the bone response to 7 months of "detraining" in this cohort of children. STUDY DESIGN: Seventy-four boys and girls (n = 37 jumpers, n = 37 controls) from the original cohort completed follow-up testing. Bone mineral content (BMC; g) and bone area (BA; cm(2)) of the left proximal femoral neck and lumbar spine (L(1-4)) were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. In addition, anthropometric characteristics, Tanner staging, physical activity, and average dietary calcium intake were assessed. RESULTS: Over 14 months, jumpers maintained 4% greater femoral neck BMC and 4% greater femoral neck BA (P <.05 and P <.01, respectively) than controls. Group differences did not persist at the lumbar spine. CONCLUSION: Gains in both BMC and BA at the femoral neck from high-impact jumping were retained after an equivalent period of detraining. We conclude that this simple exercise may be useful in promoting bone growth at the hip and, thus, enhance peak bone mass.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2003

Effects of exercise on somatosensory-evoked potentials.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute and regular exercise on somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP). The study group was designed as 9 female and 7 male volleyball players, and the control group as 9 female and 7 male sedentary students. The P1 and P2 latency and amplitude values were measured by tibial nerve stimulation on both lower extremities in the study groups before and after exercise on a treadmill. Intra-group comparison was made to evaluate the acute effects of exercise, and inter-group comparison for the chronic effects of it. Statistically significant difference was determined in pre-exercise right P2 amplitudes and post-exercise left P2 latencies of female volleyball players and sedentary girls. There was significant difference between only the pre-exercise left P2 latency when comparison was made between the sportsmen and sedentary male subject groups. There were significant differences between the pre-exercise left P1 and P2 latency values of sportswomen and right P2 amplitudes of sedentary female subjects. There was no significant difference between left P2 latency values of sportsmen and sedentary male subjects. In conclusion, it was determined that acute and regular exercise shortened the latency of sensory-evoked potentials while decreasing their amplitudes. When evaluating the sensory-evoked potentials in electrophysiology laboratories, the exercise capacity and physical activity levels of the subjects should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Equine-facilitated group psychotherapy: applications for therapeutic vaulting.

In this day of high-tech, managed-care service delivery with an emphasis on medication and brief treatment, it is important for nurses to be aware of nontraditional treatment options that may be uniquely beneficial for some clients. Although it may still be considered a novelty, including animals in the healing milieu is not a new idea. Florence Nightingale herself suggested that "a small pet animal is often an excellent companion for the sick, for long chronic cases especially" (Nightingale, 1969, p. 102). Healing, according to one recent nursing article, can be seen as "a gradual awakening to a deeper sense of the self (and of the self in relation to others) in a way that effects profound change" (Dorsey & Dorsey, 1998, p. 36). Equine-facilitated psychotherapy, while not a new idea, is a little-known experiential intervention that offers the opportunity to achieve this type of awakening. In this article, the reader is introduced to equine-facilitated psychotherapy's theoretical underpinnings, techniques, and outcomes as illustrated by actual clinical vignettes and research findings.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

Situated analysis of elite trampolinists' problems in competition using retrospective interviews.

The aims of this study were to identify and analyse elite athletes' problems in competition. A situated cognition approach placed the emphasis on athletes' actions (i.e. cognitions and behaviours), which were considered to emerge from couplings with selected elements of the context. Fifty-two exercises performed by 10 elite trampolinists were analysed. Field observations, structured interviews, and self-confrontation interviews were conducted and transcribed, and used together with behavioural descriptions derived from video recordings. Performance problems were selected from these reports and from the major infringements of trampoline rules. Qualitative analysis identified the meaningful units of action and their semiotic components for each problem. Four categories of problem were identified and noted to appear either separately or jointly while performing: (a) finding the best moment to begin the performance; (b) finding and maintaining the best mode of involvement to end the performance; (c) recovering normal sensory-motor capacity to perform; and (d) solving problems quickly and definitively while performing. The results suggest that the study of action -- situation couplings in sports, as well as of their constantly evolving dynamics, not only reveals elite athletes' psychological activity, but is vital to a deeper understanding of these couplings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Visual control of braking in goal-directed action and sport.

Reaching a moving object, avoiding an obstacle, or controlling a rotation are common requirements of experts in sport and goal-directed action. Since the original analysis of optic flow, a large number of studies have addressed the problem of perception and control of braking. In this paper, the perception-action strategies described for deceleration control are reviewed; driving, docking, landing, somersaulting, running and reaching are analysed. The role played by 'tau dot', the first temporal derivative of tau, is shown to be critical. However, the so-called constant tau-dot strategy proposed to explain how we regulate our deceleration in such circumstances is critically examined and rejected. New directions in the problem of braking control are proposed that emphasize: (1) the advantage of tau-dot over other kinematic variables; (2) the task specificity of tau-dot; (3) the need to consider tau-dot as a control variable; and (4) the role played by the controller dynamics in the perception-action loop. Several directions for future research are suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A two-segment simulation model of long horse vaulting.

The optimum pre-flight characteristics of the Hecht and handspring somersault vaults were determined using a two-segment simulation model. The model consisted of an arm segment and a body segment connected by a frictionless pin joint, simulating the vault from the Reuther board take-off through to landing. During horse contact, shoulder torque was set to zero in the model. Five independent pre-flight variables were varied over realistic ranges and an objective function was maximized to find the optimum pre-flight for each vault. The Hecht vault required a low trajectory of the mass centre during pre-flight, with a low vertical velocity of the mass centre and a low angular velocity of the body at horse contact. In contrast, the optimum handspring somersault required a high pre-flight trajectory, with a high angular velocity of the body and a high vertical velocity at horse contact. Despite the simplicity of the model, the optimum pre-flights were similar to those used in competitive performances.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2002

Comparative analysis of selected biomechanic characteristics between a support backward swing and support swing for the 1 1/4 straddle-piked forward salto on the parallel bars.

The aim of our research was to study the relationships between performance variables in a support backward swing (SBS), which was used as a progressive step in the learning procedure for a 1 1/4 straddle-piked front somersault and the swing prior to a 1 1/4 straddle-piked front somersault from support to bent arm support on the parallel bars (5/4S). Mitja Petkovsek, parallel bars gold medallist at the 2000 EC in Bremen, performed these elements. Kinematic analysis involved CMAS software (Praha, 1993), and the Suskana body segment model that has 17 points and 15 segments. Kinetic variables were estimated using 2D IMGIM software, which has 8 points and 6 segments (Colja and Cuk, 1994). The results indicated that some kinematic aspects of the two types of swings were similar but there were important differences in kinetic aspects of the motion. During the swing for the 5/4S, force and torque were higher than in the SBS.

Arm↗