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At least 1,765 records · Page 98Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Glaucoma arrives on managed care's doorstep.

Popular new prostaglandins, prostamides, and alpha2 agonists have brought about higher utilization, while their expense has produced a new cost driver in managed care organizations. The recent appearance of competitive products within these drug classes has offered patients, health plans, and physicians new treatment options.

Drug Costs↗
PubMed1992

Differential impact of abortion on adolescents and adults.

The purpose of this study was to compare adolescent and adult reactions to abortion. A sample of 252 women from 42 states was obtained from a national survey of organizations serving as support groups for women who have had negative reactions to abortion. The age analysis was run using t-tests. Results indicated that the adolescents were significantly more likely to be dissatisfied with the choice of abortion than were the older subjects, to have abortions later in the gestational period, to be dissatisfied with services at the time of the abortion, to feel forced by circumstances to have the abortion, to report being misinformed at the time of the abortion, and to report greater severity of psychological stress. The conclusions suggest that the adolescents' problems may be due to a combination of developmental limitations and the nature of counseling at the time of the abortion.

Abortion Applicants↗
PubMed2004

Modeling of a large-scale wastewater treatment plant for efficient operation.

Environmental legislations in the Western world impose stringent effluent quality standards for ultimate protection of the environment. This is also observed in Turkey. The current paper presents efforts made to simulate an existing 0.77 million m3/day conventional activated sludge plant located at Ankara, AWTP. The ASM1 model was used for simulation in this study. The model contains numerous stoichiometric and kinetic parameters, some of which need to be determined on case by case bases. The easily degradable COD (S(S)) was determined by two methods, physical-chemical and respirometric methods, namely. The latter method was deemed unreliable and rejected in the further study. Dynamic simulation with SSSP program predicted effluent COD and MLSS values successfully while overestimating OUR. A complete fit could only be obtained by introducing a dimensionless correction factor (etaO2 = 0.58) to the oxygen term in ASM1.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed1992

Systems analysis of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in Dictyostelium discoideum. I. The basis for model construction.

A steady-state model of the tricarboxylic acid cycle was constructed using a dynamic systems analysis computer program, METASIM. The model was based on radioactive tracer analyses which provided flux relationships and compartmented metabolite concentrations. Ten of the enzymes modeled were purified and characterized from Dictyostelium discoideum. Although experimentally determined enzyme mechanisms and constants were used in the model, Vmax values were found to be unreliable, i.e. they did not reflect enzyme activity in vivo. This value was therefore calculated as the only unknown in each enzyme kinetic equation and called Vvivo, to distinguish it from Vmax determined in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Rearrangement of efferent activity of a locomotor generator controlling forelimb movements during electric stimulation of descending systems].

Data on reorganization of the efferent activity parameters of the forelimb locomotor generators during electrical stimulation of the descending systems were obtained during experiments on immobilized decerebrate cats. It has been found that a generator controlling the forelimb locomotor movement is characterized by existence of such a stable state when total influence of different descending systems on this generator is extremely limited. A conclusion is made that the sense of the activity reorganization in the locomotor generator of a forelimb under the effect of signals from descending systems brings the motor program to such a dynamic relation with a supraspinal inflow which provides sufficiently limitation and balancing of the influences of corresponding descending systems on the interneuronal nets, determining time and phase characteristics of the activity of these generators.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computerized assessment of the efficacy of parenteral and enteral tube nutrition].

The results are presented of the mathematical program "Artificial Feeding" that has been developed for the evaluation of the nutrition status and effectiveness of parenteral and enteral tube nutrition. On the basis of the combination of anthropometric, biochemical and immunological parameters the program makes possible a dynamic follow-up of the patient's nutrition status, calculation of nitrogen, electrolyte and water balances, and determination of the requirements in energy and protein preparations for artificial feeding.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1983

Electromyographic changes during strength training and detraining.

Fourteen male subjects (20-30 yr) accustomed to weight training went through progressive strength training of combined concentric and eccentric contractions three times per week for 16 wk. The training was followed by the 8-wk detraining period. The training program consisted mainly of dynamic exercises for leg extensors with the loads of 80-120% of one maximum concentric repetition. Significant improvements in muscle function were observed in early conditioning; however, the increase in maximal force during the very late training period was greatly limited. Marked improvements (P less than 0.001) in muscle strength were accompanied by significant (P less than 0.01) increases in the neural activation (IEMG) of the leg extensor muscles. The relationship between IEMG and high absolute forces changed (P less than 0.01) during the training period. The occurrence of these changes varied during the course of training. It was concluded that the early change in strength may be accounted for largely by neural factors with a gradually increasing contribution of hypertrophic factors as the training proceeds. It was suggested that the magnitudes and occurrence of these changes may vary due to the differences in conditioning periods, in individual muscles of muscle groups, in subject material, and in conditioning methods. During detraining, the decrease in muscle force seemed to be explainable also by the neural and muscular adaptations caused by the inactivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Status of the "cure" of non-complicated myocardial infarct in Italy].

To analyze the state of health care for patients with myocardial infarction, questionnaires were sent to 191 Italian general hospital and university cardiological departments equipped with an intensive coronary care unit (ICCU). A total of 139 returned the questionnaire (72.7%), of which 138 were usefully completed. The mean number of beds per ICCU is 5.7 and still today 14% of the ICCU's transfer their patients to a medical department. The mean time to admission is 7 hours. In the acute phase, rehabilitation is begun in 49% of the ICCU; mobilization and hospitalization times are shorter than in 1978. The most widely employed pharmacological treatment in the acute phase is the glucose-potassium-insulin infusion (74%). Prior to discharge, 16% of the institutions obtain an exercise test, 74% an echocardiogram and 42% a dynamic ECG. Health education programs, on the other hand, are very poor: only a few Centers provide educational material. In the case of recurrent chest pain, 81% of the institutions advise the patients to take nitroglycerin, and 67% with the patients to report to the hospital. Eighty-nine percent of the Centers carry out follow-up tests on all their patients 1 month after discharge. Calcium antagonists and nitrates are prescribed on discharge by one half of the departments. In the post-infarction period an effort test is performed in 54% of Centers; coronary angiography is carried out on the youngest patients in 9% of Centers; in 30% of Centers, coronary angiography is only performed in patients with severe symptoms. Sixty-five institutions administer their own rehabilitation programs, while 35 send their patients to other institutions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coronary Care Units↗