Critique on primal therapy.
This paper attempts to indicate some of the strengths and weakenesses of primal therapy, some of the ways it is changing and how it can be incorporated within more traditional psychodynamic frames of reference.
Cognition↗
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Results for “Countertransference”
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Alexithymia and psychotherapy.
Alexithymia represents a disturbance in affective and cognitive function which overlaps diagnostic categories. Emotions are not differential, and are poor verbalized. Imagination related to drive fulfillment is limited. These and other problems seriously interfere with the patients' capacity to benefit from dynamic, uncovering or "anxiety-producing" psychotherapy. In order to consider possible remediation of the problem, we must explore the nature and causes of this disturbance.
Adult↗
The therapeutic relationship in brief psychotherapy.
Brief psychotherapy is predicated upon a thorough knowledge of psychodynamics and careful conceptualization of each individual's psychopathology. Areas and methods of intervention must be concisely selected and clearly goal-related. As a modality, I see brief therapy relating to traditional therapy the way a short story relates to a novel. It takes special skill and expertise.
Countertransference↗
Problems in the psychotherapy of children with histories of incest.
Therapists must be cognizant of the meaning of the patients' presentation and the extreme need for therapeutic safety. The therapists must be keenly aware of the deprivation issues for these patients and not be seduced by the sexual "red herring." At the same time, the therapist must be careful that his own discomfort does not make him run away from the sexual material. Thus the therapist must strike a difficult balance between the two. The therapist must avoid allying with the child solely as a victim, an alliance which would hinder an understanding of the child's motivation and subsequent guilt, and thus foster further difficulties. The therapist must work through his own outrage that a child has been molested so that he may avoid blame seeking. By attending to these issues, the individual psychotherapist will pass the patients' "test" and take the first step in helping patients and their families in forming a therapeutic working alliance.
Adolescent↗
A psychotherapeutic approach to silent children.
This paper presents through clinical material a practical conceptual framework in the treatment of silent, nonproductive children. Based on systems theory, the therapist is encouraged to routinely take an inclusive view of the child and his world and make a focused evaluation of the meaning of this resistance at several different levels: (a) the greater, nonfamilial social system, (b) the family system, (c) the dyadic relationship with the therapist, and (d) the intrapsychic economy.
Adolescent↗
Evaluation and psychotherapy of Indochinese refugee patients.
Based on clinical experience with 70 Indochinese refugees, specific approaches to diagnosis and treatment of these patients were developed. The psychiatrist/patient relationship was supported and improved by well-trained, empathetic interpreters who assisted with the evaluation which stressed thorough history-taking and a mental status exam. Cultural differences and the psychiatrist's attitudes about refugees and the Indochinese war influenced the therapeutic process. Treatment consisted of appropriate medication, involvement with the social agencies when necessary, and the warmth, empathy, and support of the physician. In particular, it was helpful to understand the symptoms as the patient perceived them and to relate them to possible stresses in the past. Problem areas of therapy were the patient's concentration on physical symptoms, the horror stories, and taboo subjects difficult for the refugee to discuss. Case histories point out the conflict of values and cultural attitudes about mental illness among refugees due to their changed environment and life style.
Adult↗
Issues in the treatment of religious patients.
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Adult↗
Psychotherapy with elderly patients.
The purpose of this article is to present a review of the psychotherapy of the elderly, emphasizing traditional methods as well as some newer techniques. It will first review the literature on the process of psychotherapy in the elderly, then the rationale for such therapy will be discussed, and finally important technical points about such therapy will be listed, including information about the cognitive psychotherapies in the treatment of demented elderly.
Aged↗
Time-limit psychotherapy of the hospitalized borderline patient.
This article shows that borderline patients can be effectively treated by a time-limited hospitalization and psychotherapy which sets clear limits within a neutral corrective atmosphere. Clarification to the patients that they have the capacity of choice of behavior is essential. Two case histories are included.
Adult↗
Group psychotherapy with the elderly: dealing with loss and death.
Resolution of issues around loss and death are seen as an important developmental task for the elderly. Group psychotherapy can lessen social isolation and provide the opportunity to work on issues of loss and death in the here-and-now. An inpatient geriatric group conducted by the author is discussed.
Aged↗
The current status of individual short-term dynamic psychotherapy and its future: an overview.
In this paper an overview of the status of individual short-term dynamic psychotherapy in Europe and in North America is presented. Special emphasis is placed on the criteria for selection of suitable patients, on the technical interventions that are being utilized by various workers in this field, and on the follow-up results.
Countertransference↗
Shared religious belief as resistance in psychotherapy.
The authors report on a case in which the shared belief system of patient and therapist acted as a resistance. Discussion focuses on analysis of this problem from clinical and religious viewpoints, and some technical suggestions on management of the resistance are offered.
Catholicism↗
Training issues in the treatment of severely disturbed patients.
When beginning psychotherapists undertake the treatment of severely disturbed patients, we see a confluence of factors involving both patients and therapist which predispose to the development of predictable countertransferential responses. These have a strong impact on patient treatment as well as therapist training. Patients may bring to this process their difficulty establishing a working alliance, use of primitive ego defenses, and ambivalence about closeness. Therapists may bring their identification with patients, lack of professional identity, and limited development of introspective capacity. Supervisors, therefore, need to maintain an awareness of the unique needs of inexperienced therapists, and pay careful attention to the parallel process as a reflection of the therapist's identification with patient, facilitate a teaching-learning alliance which meets the student's needs both for praise from and emulation of a powerful therapeutic role model, grant permission for countertransferential feelings, and finally acknowledge joint responsibility between patient and therapist for such responses.
Borderline Personality Disorder↗
On the concept of psychoanalytic work.
A set of criteria for psychoanalytic work that can be used to define various forms of psychoanalytic therapy is proposed. Four patients who were involved in short-term individual psychotherapy with the same therapist, but who evidenced considerably different therapy process and outcome, are used to illustrate the criteria. Implications for practice and research are cited.
Adult↗
Beginning psychotherapy with the borderline patient.
Written as a guide for those about to begin psychotherapy with a borderline patient, this paper succinctly addresses the early stages of therapy. Because it is most helpful to think in accordance with a conceptual framework, the first section of this paper reviews four types of individual psychotherapy, relating these to the borderline patient. The second section deals with larger issues regarding psychotherapy, and the third section focuses on specific interventions.
Acting Out↗
Forging a transference relationship with a self-destructive preschooler.
A three-and-a-half-year-old boy was referred for treatment because of his inability to engage adequately in school activities and his absorption in fantasy and episodically charged and homicidal wishes. A few months after therapy was initiated, the boy revealed fantasies of a self-destructive nature. Through the development of the transference relationship, the patient was able to elaborate further, understand the implications of such fantasies, and validate his perceptions regarding feelings that were until then suppressed and isolated.
Child, Preschool↗
Ethnocultural factors in resident supervision: black supervisor and white supervises.
Ethnocultural differences between supervisor and resident can play a significant role during the course of psychotherapy supervision. Failure to deal with these issues can adversely affect the supervisory relationship, the supervised therapy, and the overall education of the resident. Four cases of black supervisor and white supervises illustrate the problems.
Adolescent↗