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PubMed1977

Ultrastructural aspects of bilirubin encephalopathy in cochlear nuclei of the Gunn rat.

The cochlear nuclei of homozygous Gunn rats aged 2 days to 7 months were examined. Ultrastructural abnormalities were observed in all age groups studied, including 2 and 4 days old animals. Mitochondrial alterations are amont the earliest manifestations of bilirubin encephalopathy (2 days). In mitochondria of large neurons, vacuoles were found which contained increasing (with age) collections of alpha and beta glycogen particles. Some of the larger 'ex-mitochondrial sacs' appear to have been caught at the point of disruption, with glycogen-filled vacuoles in close proximity. Dilated profiles of rough ER also contained glycogen particles. In the cytoplasm of the same large neurons, elaborate myelin figures surrounded tongues of cytoplasm, vacuoles and degenerative elements. Reconsideration of previous morphological and biochemical observations in the light of the present findings makes it appear very likely that bilirubin primarily affects membrane function, especially in mitochondria.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Electron microscopy of glycogen in mouse cleaving embryos.

The blastomeres of mouse morulae contain an abundance of beta-glycogen particles detectable cytochemically with good specificity; these particles are dispersed in the hyaloplasm. Attention is drawn to the fact that, with conventional staining techniques, the glycogen of mouse cleaving embryos can easily be confused with ribosomes in the electron microscope.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Morphology, histochemistry and ultrahistochemistry of special verrucose formations in daughter sporocyst of Eurytrema pancreaticum.

Verrucose formations were found on the surface of fully developed sporocysts of E. pancreaticum Janson, 1889 at the site where the attenuated proboscis-like anterior portion widens into the posterior portion. Under these verrucose formations is always a group of gland cells. Their narrowed processes pass at a common site through the muscle layer and above this layer again slightly widen and project above the neighbouring tegument. The tegument of the verrucose formation differs from the neighbouring tegument of the sporocyst. In the cytoplasm of the gland cells there are large, spherical membrane-bound bodies containing proteins with tryptophan, tyrosine and SH groups. These bodies do not have any activity of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase or nonspecific esterase. Besides these protein bodies the perinuclear cytoplasm is filled with beta glycogen particles and many cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. The processes of these cells contain thick fibriles. The verrucose formations with the gland cells seem to serve for attachement and lysis. This function is applied not only during the development of the sporocyst, but also during its release from the site of location and penetration through the snail tissue.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

[Roentgenotopometric studies using a simulator during the preparation of patients with uterine cancer for irradiation].

During the examination of 170 patients with corpus and cervix uteri cancer it has been established that simulators give an opportunity to define orienting points in the same position as that used during irradiation, to obtain all necessary topometric data for preparing anatomotopographic maps and calculating with their help irradiation programs, and simulate geometric conditions of an irradiation program.

Beta Particles↗
PubMed1984

[Cutaneous epitheliomas induced by ionizing radiation during radiotherapy. Presentation of 35 cases].

Thirty five cases of carcinomas of the skin, presumably induced by ionizing radiation therapy are reported. There was a precise topographic relationship between the site of irradiation and that of onset of tumor; in 31 cases, there were multiple neoplastic foci in the skin area exposed to ionizing radiation; a sufficiently long period of time had elapsed from the time of exposure to ionizing radiation to the clinical diagnosis of induced tumor; cases in which there were cutaneous carcinomas in other parts of the body as well as in the skin area exposed to the radiation were excluded from the series. Almost all patients had been subjected to ionizing radiation for treatment of benign diseases and 29 for arthrosis. The median age of the patients at the time of exposure to the ionizing radiation was 33,33 years. The radiation dose to which the patients had been subjected varied from 10 to 25 Gy; this dose is rather low, however it is in this dose range, according to Gray, a relatively high incidence of induced tumor is verified. The median interval between exposure to ionizing radiation and clinical finding of the tumor was 18.5 years. The carcinomas were observed almost always in the trunk and like spontaneous carcinomas at this site they were almost exclusively basal cell type.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Trends in human factors research.

As just described, NIOSH's ongoing and new activities offer varied approaches and opportunities for gaining insights into human factor and ergonomic aspects of workplace hazards and their control. They represent a blend of surveillance work (re, the prevalence survey of chronic trauma risk), in-depth studies of known workplace problems emphasizing undue physical and psychological job demands and their consequences (re, stress from machine-paced work and musculoskeletal problems from repeated lifting), first evaluations of the consequences of new technology (re, use of video display terminals), and finally problem-solving efforts (re, the evaluation and field testing of the work practice guide for reducing lifting hazards and control technology assessment). Taken together, these efforts signal an important new commitment by NIOSH in making workplaces safe for our working men and women.

Beta Particles↗
PubMed1980

Antiatherogenic effect of pyridinolcarbamate (prodectin). Experimental study.

The experimental study was performed on Wistar rats fed on atherogenic diet for 16 months, the last 70 days of which they were given Prodectin. The study included also Chinchilla rabbits fed on cholesterol-rich diet (CRD) and Prodectin for 5 months. The data obtained showed that the continuous application of Prodectin inhibited the development of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis both in rats and rabbits. The decrease of plasma lipids, the increased activity of the Krebs cycle enzymes as well as the lowered ADP-platelet aggregation and the decreased endothelial permeability to the pre-beta-like particles suggests a complex mechanism of Prodectin antiatherogenic action. This mechanism probably includes and activation of biological oxidation and bioenergetics, an increase of cAMP in the vascular wall, resp. a decrease of contractility of endothelial cells; an inhibition of thrombotic processes and of lipoprotein infiltration of the arterial wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Spermatogenesis of Bothriocephalus clavibothrium Ariola, 1899 (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea)].

The processes of spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis in the Pseudophyllidea Cestode Bothriocephalus clavibothrium were studied by light and electron microscopy. Spermatogenesis is for rosette type. The rosettes of secondary, tertiary and quaternary spermatogonia, primary and secondary spermatocytes and spermatid clusters are all resulting of a series of six incomplete, synchronous divisions (4 mitosis and 2 meiotic kinesis). The 64 nuclear syncytium of spermatids, during spermiogenesis process gives 64 mature spermatozoa, all originating from a single primary spermatogonium. The sperm differentiation is characterized by: 1. -- Formation of the differentiation zone containing an intercentriolar body and two basal bodies of the future axonemes; 2. -- Formation of a cytoplasmic expansion and induction of two flagella; 3. -- Migration of nucleus into medial cytoplasmic expansion inducing progressive longitudinal fusion of the later with two adjacent flagella into a single spermatozoon body. The filiforme spermatozoa of B. clavibothrium are about 300 micrometer long and their main components are . the nucleus, two axonemes, cortical microtubules and cytoplasm rich in beta-glycogen particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Visual displays].

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Beta Particles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The genetic consequences of the radioactive contamination of populations of Arabidopsis thaliana growing in a 30-kilometer area of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

Annually during six years since 1986 dynamics of the mutation load in Arabidopsis populations was studied. Frequency of the embryonic lethal mutations was studied with Muller embryonic test. First two years after the accident an increase of mutation load in Arabidopsis populations was observed at all levels of radioactive contamination. In the areas with contamination up to 10 mR/h the mutation load decreased to the control level by 1990. In the areas with contamination up to 130 mR/h the mutation load exceeds the control by 4-8 times.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of cardiac intramitochondrial glycogen.

Authors have observed abnormalities of glycogen localization in cardiac muscle, after normothermic cardiac arrest. The identification of these intramitrochondrial particles as glycogen was confirmed by selective staining with periodic acid-lead citrat, periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide protein methods and by their selective removal from tissue sections by alfa-amylase. The intramitochondrial glycogen particles were of beta-type. Some intramitochondrial particles were surrounded by paired membranes which resulted from protrusion of parts of mitochondrial membrane.

Animals↗