The NLN pre-nursing and guidance examination--a validation study.
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Achievement↗
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Results for “VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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School counseling and positive mental health: when does 1 + 1 = 3?
School counseling and guidance services are specifically intended to develop and maintain positive mental health among students. Although some school counselors have been highly effective, the majority have been only moderately effective because of the difficulties they have encountered in this mission. Personal, academic, and vocational counseling and information processing from either remedial or preventative perspectives are currently the most common functions within school counseling services. The factors limiting the effectiveness of these and other school counseling functions include discrepancies between school counseling training and practice, school counselor professional isolationism, lack of understanding of school counseling roles and functions, and the poor professional attitudes of some school counselors. As the school counseling profession develops, these inhibiting factors should be overcome as a result of changes in school counselor roles and activities and associated changes in school counseling and guidance services.
Attitude↗
[Spina bifida and "psycho-socioaffective" adjustment].
The author has undertaken a critical review of the publications centered on the psychosocio-affective adaptation of spina-bifida. He considered the construction of personality, the socialization, the relations with family, marital and sexual life and the future professional life. Researches and guidance strategies are suggested.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Rehabilitation after amputation.
The principles of amputee rehabilitation, from preamputation to reintegration into the work force and community, are reviewed. The authors discuss exercise techniques, training programs, and environmental modifications that have been found to be helpful in the rehabilitation of the amputee. The exercise programs presented here are divided into four main components: flexibility, muscle strength, cardiovascular training, and balance and gait. The programs include interventions by the physical, occupational, and recreational therapist under the supervision and guidance of a physician.
Aged↗
The developments of mass urinary screening in Taiwan.
A program of mass urinary screening of elementary and junior high school students has been in operation since August 1990 in Taiwan Province. This program is done once a semester, i.e., twice a year. In the first 3 years, the total number of elementary and junior high school students to be examined in each semester was approx. 2.7 millions. From August 1993, the total number increased to 3.1 millions because the senior high and senior vocational school students were added. The procedures can roughly be divided into five parts: The first part is first urinary screening. The second part is the second urinary screening. The third part is so called the third examination namely serological examination. Life guidance is introduced in the fourth part. The last part is the follow-up system. All the procedures and details will be discussed later.
Glycosuria↗
The trainee year--a critical appraisal.
Answers to questionnaires distributed to all trainees in the Scottish south-east region in 1972 and 1973 showed a wide variation between the standard of teaching in individual practices. This was partly due to a failure of the organizing bodies to give proper guidance on the modern concepts of training to the trainers, and partly to a lack of enthusaism by some of the trainers. It is particularly important that the training practices are well equipped with equipment and books and journals relating to general practice. For the trainee vocational training programmes, attendance at day release courses, contact with fellow trainees, and appropriate "on call" duties are similarly important. If these and other recommendations were brought to the attention of the trainers by an effective, co-ordinating committee, the standards of general practice teaching would rise, as would the quality of patient care in the community.
Accreditation↗
[Functional and socioeconomic outcome of inpatient rehabilitation of patients with complex hand injuries].
PURPOSE: Evaluation of functional outcome and socio-economic results of patients with complex hand injuries after inpatient rehabilitation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective investigation 36 patients with complex hand injuries received an intensive therapy regime under inpatient conditions. In all patients functional parameters of the hand (total active range of motion, palm to palm distance, spread between thumb and index finger, spread between thumb and little finger) and the score of Buck-Gramcko were registered initially and at the end of inpatient rehabilitation. Socio-economic data (kind of discharge, job reintegration, further treatment) were documented as well. RESULTS: The total active range of motion could be improved from 36% to 69%, spread D1-D5 from 18.5 to 20.7 cm and spread D1-D2 from 13.9 to 15.6 cm. The palp to palm distance of all fingers was reduced from 4.6 cm to 2.3 cm. The Buck-Gramcko score of all injured fingers improved from 4.2 points (poor) at admission, to 11.8 points (good) at discharge, At the end of inpatient rehabilitation 18 patients could return to their job either gradually or on full-time. CONCLUSION: Even patients with complex hand injuries, good functional results could be achieved by an intensive inpatient rehabilitation characterised by close medical supervision and guidance and tight clinical controls.
Adult↗
[Medical occupational guidance of construction brigade students as a factor in preventing morbidity and raising work productivity].
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Efficiency↗
Predictors of students' success in the Medical Service Apprentice course.
This study assessed the predictors of students' success in the 383d Training Squadron's Medical Service Apprentice course at Sheppard Air Force Base, Texas. Correlation and regression analyses provided seven predictors of students' success. These predictors were the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery Mechanical score, block 1 grade, block 3 grade, block 3 student hours, block 4 grade, block 4 student hours, and National Registry Emergency Medical Technician Test 1 grade. From these predictors, researchers ascertained demarcation points to provide direction for instructors and students. Using this guidance, proactive intervention by instructors and the Student Learning Center will improve the success of Medical Service Apprentice course students. Further research conducted by the 882d Training Group to evaluate predictors of success will yield a seamless evaluation process. This process will establish an improved proactive educational system enhancing the career field selection process and the quality of student education.
Aerospace Medicine↗
History, design characteristics, and uses of the pictorial activity and task sorts.
Development of the Pictorial Activity and Task Sort (PATS) technology in the field of Occupational Rehabilitation is described. The history of several PATS measures is traced, and each measure is briefly described. The use of these measures to efficiently collect data in functional capacity evaluation and to provide guidance in occupational rehabilitation is briefly described. Key design characteristics are presented and several recommendations are provided for future development of PATS.
Activities of Daily Living↗
[Various forms of chronicity in addicted patients at a psychiatric hospital].
Developing differential treatments for addicts implies discrimination of clinically relevant subgroups of addicts. It is common practice to classify patients by their capability to engage in an in-patient therapy covering a period of six month on average. This rough classification offers no starting-point to optimize therapeutic strategies especially for patients with only insufficient understanding of and suffering from their disorder (so-called depraved alcoholics). They are rarely motivated to continue therapy. Most patients at the admission ward for addicts at the State Mental Hospital Weissenau belong to that group of patients. Our study enclosed 362 patients from this ward, and we used the varying disease- and treatment-careers, which differ in duration and/or frequency to make up four subgroups of patients according to that different forms of chronicity. The groups differ in a number of social, treatment- and disease-related features. Guided by clinical practice, such a formation of subgroups can be seen as a first step in the identification of subpopulations of chronic addicted. Conclusions how to complete existing medical care and guidance-patterns can be drawn.
Adult↗
Crisis intervention in the emergency department.
The word crisis implies a challenge to the personality, family, and community created by an altered set of circumstances for which adaptive resources are not readily available. It has long been recognized that mastery of a crisis can result in an enrichment of the personality, which then acquires resources to deal with similar events in the future. Failure to meet the challenge results not infrequently in a maladaptive response, which, too, is likely to be applied to similar challenges in the future--thereby burdening the personality with a handicap. Intervention in crisis aims at assisting the individual toward meeting his or her crisis successfully, and at times entails little more than guidance, advice, or education. When analyzed more adequately, intervention implies an evaluation of the resources within the individual, an evaluation of the resources among those who surround the individual in the family and the community, and an assessment of his or her past personal history. This takes into account how the individual has handled previous crises in his life; educational, vocational, marital, and social achievements; preferences; values; and what he or she expects from professional help. The individual is then invited, with those around him and involved with him, to examine the strengths that are available to him and to participate where possible in planning the steps immediately necessary for the successful resolution of the crisis.
Communication↗
[Complex treatment concept of psoriasis vulgaris in childhood with integrated high altitude-climate therapy].
A sample of 102 inpatient children with psoriasis demonstrated differences in appearance and treatment to the psoriasis of adults. The complex therapy concept is based on 5 elements with dermatologic, high-altitude climatic and psychological treatment. Important additional factors are pre-school and school activities and vocational assistance. Of utmost importance is an early step-by-step education of the parents and of the psoriasis child about the disease. Medical treatment is effectively completed and optimised by an appropriate life style and multiple prophylactic activities in the premedical and environmental fields of the diseased. Dermatologists and pediatrists should aim at on-target and well-organised medical guidance of the young psoriatics.
Child↗
What do general practitioners want from a dermatology department?
Four hundred and fifty-six practitioners (GPs) in Avon were asked what they required from their department of dermatology, and what improvements to the present service they could suggest. Most GPs preferred to manage the majority of dermatological problems themselves, with support from the department where necessary. They referred to a hospital department because they lacked the necessary expertise, but would prefer to receive training, advice and support in managing their patients rather than surrender long-term care to a specialist department. Despite this expressed willingness to shoulder more of the dermatological burden, only 31% of the GPs had received any postgraduate training in dermatology. In fact 57% said they had little interest in the subject and had not attended any form of dermatology teaching since qualifying. GPs would also like more guidance in the form of regularly updated guidelines and protocols, and easy access to dermatologists for telephone advice at regular fixed times. Some also felt that consultants should aim to provide diagnosis, investigation, and management guidelines for referred patients after a single visit. These findings should prompt a re-appraisal of the relative roles of GP and dermatologist, and emphasize the need for vocational training and continuing medical education in dermatology for all GPs.
Appointments and Schedules↗
Differential prediction and the use of multiple predictors: the omitted variables problem.
Moderated regression is widely used to examine differential prediction by race or gender. When using multiple predictors in a selection system, guidance as to whether differential prediction analysis should be conducted on each predictor individually, or on the set of predictors in combination, is lacking. Analyzing predictors individually creates the possibility of an omitted variable problem. Army Project A data were used to examine differential prediction by race with the use of personality measures for 79 predictor-criterion combinations. Traditional analysis indicated predictive bias by intercept in 45 instances and by slope in 7 instances; the inclusion of an Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery general factor as an additional predictor changed the conclusion in 32 cases for the intercept and in 3 cases for the slope.
Forecasting↗
[Chronic juvenile arthritis. Control of long-term therapy].
Children suffering from juvenile chronic arthritis need a longterm therapy and guidance for many years. Drug therapy is only part of the whole treatment regimen and has to be permanently adapted to the actual state of the disease. Drug induced side effects must be strictly differentiated from exacerbations of the rheumatic disease. Short time clinical controls, some few laboratory tests and many detailed talks with the patient and his parents are basic requirements for successful treatment and lead in more than 80% of the juveniles to a normal school education and adequate vocational training.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
Vocational rehabilitation of workers with back pain.
This paper concerns the concepts and practices currently in use in occupational health for the rehabilitation of workers with back pain. No conclusive evidence exists for an etiologic model for nonspecific back pain. A difference between acute and chronic back pain is backed up by evidence from the literature. Apart from having the patient stay active and return to ordinary activities as early as possible, there are no significant forms of intervention for acute back pain that effectively decrease the time off work. For chronic back pain multidisciplinary treatment in an occupational setting is effective in enhancing return to work. Clinical practice guidelines consist of diagnostic triage, the assessment of "red flags" for medical emergencies, and guidance in the appropriate application of diagnostic facilities. Occupational health guidelines concentrate on gradual return to work, psychosocial issues, and multidisciplinary rehabilitation facilities.
Back Pain↗
Atheromatous risk factors among Thai labor forces by socioeconomic status.
The purpose of this study was to describe atheromatous risk factors among Thai labor forces by socioeconomic status (SES) such as income, education and occupation. Undesirable levels of artheromatous risk factors were specified as: total serum cholesterol (TC) > 200 mg per cent, body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2, fasting blood sugar (FBS) > 126 mg/dL, systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 90 mmHg. Data from the Second National Health Examination survey in Thailand from 1996 to 1997 was used, with a total number of 4,198 participants (1,634 males, 2,561 females) aged 13-60 years old. Results from multivariate analysis demonstrated differences in means TC, BMI, SBP and DBP among different age-groups, both in males and females (p < 0.001). TC, BMI, and SBP increased with age in both sexes, but DBP increased with age in females only. Males who lived in a municipality had a higher risk of having undesirable TC and DBP than those who did not. Risk of undesirable BMI varied according to levels of income in males. Males with an income of 5,001-10,000 and > 25,000 baht/month had OR = 1.57 (95% CI = 1.04-2.39) and OR = 2.59 (95% CI = 1.18-5.66) compared to males with an income of < 5,000 baht/month. TC and DBP varied with levels of income in females. For undesirable TC, females with an income of 5,001-10,000 and > 25,000 baht/month had OR = 1.48 (95% CI = 1.01-2.18) and OR = 2.17 (95% CI = 1.03-4.88) compared to females with an income of < 5,000 baht/month. For undesirable DBP, females with an income > 25,000 baht/month had OR = 3.39 (95% CI = 1.31-8.78) compared to females with income an < 5,000 baht/month. Among different levels of education in males, different risks of undesirable TC, BMI, SBP and DBP were not significant, except a borderline significance in TC among vocational graduates. The same phenomenon was observed among females, except that females only a primary education tended to have a higher risk of undesirable BMI (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.39-5.02) compared to females with graduate studies. The level of occupation seemed not to affect the risk of unfavorable atheromatous risk factors among males. Nonetheless, females in the agricultural section seemed to have a lower risk of undesirable TC (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.18-0.78) compared to the professional group. The results suggested the consideration of critical guidance of epidemiological studies in using SES as the control variable, or for selection of subjects or matching criteria. Specific preventive programs on atheromatous risk factors should be launched for some specific socio-demographic groups in order to prevent coronary heart diseases (CHD) in the future.
Adolescent↗