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At least 1,747 records · Page 97Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Value of simulated body surface potential maps as templates in localizing sites of ectopic activation for radiofrequency ablation.

Body surface potential maps recorded during catheter pace mapping can facilitate the localization of the site of origin of ventricular tachycardia. In this study, we investigated the value of a realistic computer model of the human ventricular myocardium in generating body surface potential maps as templates for identifying sites of ectopic activation. Our model features an anatomically accurate geometry and an anisotropy due to transmural fibre rotation, that were reconstructed with a spatial resolution of 0.5 mm. It simulates the electrotonic interactions of cardiac cells by solving a nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation, but it behaves as a cellular automaton when the transmembrane potential exceeds the threshold value. We successfully validated our model by comparing the simulated activation sequences--described by isochronal maps, epicardial potential maps and body surface potential maps--with the measured sequences of epicardial and body surface maps reported in the literature. By systematically pacing the left ventricular and right ventricular endocardial surfaces in our ventricular model, we generated a database of 155 QRS-integral maps, which provides a high-resolution reference frame for localizing distinct endocardial pacing sites. This database promises to be a useful tool in improving the performance of catheter pace mapping used in combination with body surface potential mapping. Overall, the results demonstrate that our computer model of the human ventricular myocardium is well suited for complementing a database of QRS-integral maps obtained during clinical pace mapping and can help enhance the efficacy of the ablative treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.

Anisotropy↗
PubMed2001

Adult onset nocturnal enuresis.

PURPOSE: We determined the etiology and prognostic significance of adult onset enuresis with absent daytime incontinence. Adult onset nocturnal enuresis unassociated with daytime incontinence is uncommon and there is a paucity of information about its incidence, significance, evaluation and treatment. We present a retrospective evaluation of this condition based on a database review of more than 3,000 consecutive patients referred for the evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A database of 3,277 consecutive patients was searched for adult onset nocturnal enuresis. Patients with daytime incontinence were excluded from study. Evaluation consisted of history, physical examination, American Urological Association symptom score, voiding diary, uroflowmetry, estimation of post-void residual urine, video urodynamics, cystoscopy and radiographic evaluation of the upper tract. RESULTS: Of 3,277 patients 8 (0.02%) had adult onset nocturnal enuresis without daytime incontinence as a primary complaint. Average American Urological Association symptom score was 12.6 (range 3 to 25), average maximum urine flow was 8.5 ml. per second (range 5 to 15) and average post-void residual urine volume was 350 ml. (range 50 to 489). All patients were men with severe prostatic or vesical neck obstruction as well as bilateral or unilateral hydronephrosis in 63%, a bladder diverticulum in 38%, vesicoureteral reflux in 50% and low bladder compliance in 50%. Transurethral prostatic resection was recommended to all patients but only 5 agreed. The other 3 cases were managed by alpha-adrenergic antagonists, including 2 by adjunctive clean intermittent self-catheterization. In all patients who underwent transurethral prostatic resection symptoms resolved, as did hydronephrosis when present. CONCLUSIONS: Adult onset nocturnal enuresis with absent daytime incontinence is a serious symptom that usually heralds significant urethral obstruction, and a high incidence of bladder diverticulum, hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux. It demands urological investigation and aggressive therapy.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2004

The aMAZE LightBench: a web interface to a relational database of cellular processes.

The aMAZE LightBench (http://www.amaze.ulb. ac.be/) is a web interface to the aMAZE relational database, which contains information on gene expression, catalysed chemical reactions, regulatory interactions, protein assembly, as well as metabolic and signal transduction pathways. It allows the user to browse the information in an intuitive way, which also reflects the underlying data model. Moreover links are provided to literature references, and whenever appropriate, to external databases.

Biochemical Phenomena↗
PubMed2001

CluSTr: a database of clusters of SWISS-PROT+TrEMBL proteins.

The CluSTr (Clusters of SWISS-PROT and TrEMBL proteins) database offers an automatic classification of SWISS-PROT and TrEMBL proteins into groups of related proteins. The clustering is based on analysis of all pairwise comparisons between protein sequences. Analysis has been carried out for different levels of protein similarity, yielding a hierarchical organisation of clusters. The database provides links to InterPro, which integrates information on protein families, domains and functional sites from PROSITE, PRINTS, Pfam and ProDom. Links to the InterPro graphical interface allow users to see at a glance whether proteins from the cluster share particular functional sites. CluSTr also provides cross-references to HSSP and PDB. The database is available for querying and browsing at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/clustr.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Developing the role of patients as teachers: literature review.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the roles and settings in which patients participate as teachers in medical education and the benefits to learners, their educational institutions, and participating patients. DESIGN: Review of publications from 1970 to October 2001 providing descriptions, evaluations, or research of programmes involving patients as teachers in medical education. DATA SOURCES: 1848 references were identified from various electronic databases. Applying inclusion criteria to abstracts generated 100 articles, from which 23 were selected after independent scrutiny. RESULTS: 13 articles discussed the role of patients in teaching physical examination skills, mostly musculoskeletal examination. Patients also taught pelvic and male genitorectal examination skills. Teaching roles varied, and 19 articles referred to patients' involvement as assessors. 18 articles described patients' training, with some patients being assessed. Reports of learners' experiences were all positive, many valuing the insights and confidence gained from practising skills on patients in a teaching role. Some learners preferred being taught by trained patients rather than doctors. Patients who were consulted enjoyed their teaching role. Several articles commented on the high quality of patients' teaching. Remuneration varied from payment of expenses to an hourly rate. Motivation for recruiting patients included the desire to reduce costs and the value attributed to the consumers' perspective. CONCLUSION: Involving patients as teachers has important educational benefits for learners. Patients offer unique qualities that can enhance the acquisition of skills and change attitudes towards patients.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Evidence-based practice: extending the search to find material for the systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Cochrane-style systematic reviews increasingly require the participation of librarians. Guidelines on the appropriate search strategy to use for systematic reviews have been proposed. However, research evidence supporting these recommendations is limited. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the effectiveness of various systematic search methods used to uncover randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for systematic reviews. Effectiveness is defined as the proportion of relevant material uncovered for the systematic review using extended systematic review search methods. The following extended systematic search methods are evaluated: searching subject-specific or specialized databases (including trial registries), hand searching, scanning reference lists, and communicating personally. METHODS: Two systematic review projects were prospectively monitored regarding the method used to identify items as well as the type of items retrieved. The proportion of RCTs identified by each systematic search method was calculated. RESULTS: The extended systematic search methods uncovered 29.2% of all items retrieved for the systematic reviews. The search of specialized databases was the most effective method, followed by scanning of reference lists, communicating personally, and hand searching. Although the number of items identified through hand searching was small, these unique items would otherwise have been missed. CONCLUSIONS: Extended systematic search methods are effective tools for uncovering material for the systematic review. The quality of the items uncovered has yet to be assessed and will be key in evaluating the value of the systematic search methods.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

MHCPEP--a database of MHC-binding peptides: update 1995.

MHCPEP is a curated database comprising over 6000 peptide sequences known to bind MHC molecules. Entries are compiled from published reports as well as from direct submissions of experimental data. Each entry contains peptide sequence, MHC specificity and when available, experimental method, observed activity, binding affinity, source protein, anchor positions, as well as publication references. The present format of the database allows text string matching searches but can easily be converted for use in conjunction with sequence analysis packages. The database can be accessed via Internet using Gopher, FTP or WWW.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

MHCPEP, a database of MHC-binding peptides: update 1996.

MHCPEP is a curated database comprising over 9000 peptide sequences known to bind MHC molecules. Entries are compiled from published reports as well as from direct submissions of experimental data. Each entry contains the peptide sequence, its MHC specificity and, when available, experimental method, observed activity, binding affinity, source protein, anchor positions and publication references. The present format of the database allows text string matching searches but can easily be converted for use in conjunction with sequence analysis packages. The database can be accessed via Internet using WWW, FTP or Gopher.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Cerec 3D veneers with R2005--veneers à la carte.

Before the introduction of version R1800, only CORRELATION was available to the Cerec user for veneer design, and recourse had to be taken to the earlier Cerec 3 program for constructive veneer production. The software R1800 now also makes a tooth database available for veneers and allows copying and free insertion of any acquired tooth forms. With the R2005 version, the editing possibilities for designing veneers were further optimized; copying, mirroring and insertion of crowns were also facilitated. The situation-related selection of the CORRELATION design method, DENTAL DATABASE, and REPLICATION are described and assessed by reference to clinical situations.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1998

MHCPEP, a database of MHC-binding peptides: update 1997.

MHCPEP (http://wehih.wehi.edu.au/mhcpep/) is a curated database comprising over 13 000 peptide sequences known to bind MHC molecules. Entries are compiled from published reports as well as from direct submissions of experimental data. Each entry contains the peptide sequence, its MHC specificity and where available, experimental method, observed activity, binding affinity, source protein and anchor positions, as well as publication references. The present format of the database allows text string matching searches but can easily be converted for use in conjunction with sequence analysis packages. The database can be accessed via Internet using WWW or FTP.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology.

In addition to maintaining the GenBank(R) nucleic acid sequence database, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides data analysis and retrieval resources for the data in GenBank and other biological data made available through NCBI's Web site. NCBI resources include Entrez, PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), LocusLink, the NCBITaxonomy Browser, BLAST, BLAST Link (BLink), Electronic PCR (e-PCR), Open Reading Frame (ORF) Finder, References Sequence (RefSeq), UniGene, HomoloGene, ProtEST, Database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (dbSNP), Human/Mouse Homology Map, Cancer Chromosome Aberration Project (CCAP), Entrez Genomes and related tools, the Map Viewer, Model Maker (MM), Evidence Viewer (EV), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) database, Retroviral Genotyping Tools, SAGEmap, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), the Molecular Modeling Database (MMDB), the Conserved Domain Database (CDD), and the Conserved Domain Architecture Retrieval Tool (CDART). Augmenting many of the Web applications are custom implementations of the BLAST program optimized to search specialized data sets. All of the resources can be accessed through the NCBI home page at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Generation of reference values for cardiac enzymes from hospital admission laboratory data.

An approach is described for using patient databases of a hospital information system as a source of reference values for cardiac enzymes. Of a total of 2029 emergency admission patients with serial cardiac enzyme data, 538 patients were considered "healthy" (having no damage in myocardium) because their discharge diagnoses suggested neither myocardial damage nor any other condition that could lead to elevated enzyme activities, and because their serially collected cardiac enzyme activities remained stable. Enzyme activities of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.28), and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 of these patients at admission to hospital were considered as suitable health related reference values. The upper (97.5%) reference limits of activities, measured at 37 degrees C according to Scandinavian recommendations, were as follows (age dependent limits given at 25 and at 75 years of age, U/l): creatine kinase men 268, 192; creatine kinase women 200 (no age effect); creatine kinase-MB 16, 24; lactate dehydrogenase 497, 603; lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 103, 140. For comparison, reference values were also produced conventionally from a group of 246 healthy subjects. Observed effects of age on enzyme activities were quite similar to those in the selected patient group. Calculated reference limits for isoenzymes creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 were also similar but reference limits for less cardiospecific total enzyme activities, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, were more variable between these two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Incidence of fractures among epilepsy patients: a population-based retrospective cohort study in the General Practice Research Database.

PURPOSE: To compare the incidence of various fractures in a cohort of patients with epilepsy with a reference cohort of patients not having epilepsy. METHODS: Patients were included in the epilepsy cohort if they had at least one diagnosis of epilepsy in their medical history and had sufficient evidence of "active" epilepsy (use of antiepileptic drugs, diagnoses) after the practice was included in the General Practice Research Database (GPRD). Two reference patients were sampled for each patient with epilepsy from the same practice. Primary outcome was the occurrence of any fracture during follow-up. Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate incidence density ratios (IDRs). RESULTS: The study population comprised 40,485 and 80,970 patients in the epilepsy and reference cohorts, respectively. The median duration of follow-up was approximately 3 years. The overall incidence rate in the epilepsy cohort was 241.9 per 10,000 person-years. This rate was about twice as high as that in reference cohort: age- and sex-adjusted IDR, 1.89 (95% CI, 1.81-1.98). When comparing IDRs among the different groups of fractures, the highest relative-risk estimate was found for hip and femur fractures (adjusted IDR, 2.79; 95% CI, 2.41-3.24). IDRs were consistently elevated across age and sex groups and across fracture subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: The overall risk of fractures was nearly twice as high among patients with epilepsy compared with the general population. The relative fracture risk was highest for hip and femur. Further study is necessary to elucidate whether this elevated risk is due to the disease, the use of antiepileptic drugs, or both.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Invasive meningococcal disease in Austria 2002: assessment of completeness of notification by comparison of two independent data sources.

AIM OF THE STUDY: The notified incidence of meningococcal disease in European countries varies from <1 case per 100,000 inhabitants to approximately 7 cases per 100,000. Assessing the true burden of disease is important for setting priorities in health services and for estimating the benefit of interventions such as vaccination. Completeness and timeliness of reporting is also essential for the early recognition of outbreaks. The objective of this study was to assess the completeness of surveillance data on invasive meningococcal disease in Austria at the National Reference Center for Meningococci for the year 2002. METHODS: The data stored at the reference center was compared with an independent database containing the main diagnosis documented in the obligatory hospital discharge dataset of all Austrian hospitals (coded in ICD-10 since 2001). All mismatches were reviewed in order to exclude possible errors and identify true cases of meningococcal disease that had not been reported to the reference center. The number of cases not recorded by either data source was estimated using the capture-recapture method. RESULTS: The first comparison of the two data sources identified 50 cases not registered at the national reference center. Screening of the ICD codes from these 50 patients through the hospitals reduced the number of under-reported cases to 10, of which 6 showed symptoms compatible with meningococcal disease, although microbiological confirmation was missing. Re-evaluation of the case histories of these 6 patients by a clinical expert for meningococcal disease identified them as probable cases. The main reason for correction of the diagnosis in 27 cases was an obvious coding error: these patients had been treated in hospitals for illnesses not related to meningococcal disease. In 72 cases, the two databases were in agreement. Eleven cases of meningococcal disease were notified solely to the national reference center. Addition of the newly recognized cases of invasive meningococcal disease increased the total number of cases from 83 (incidence, 1.03/100,000) to 93 (incidence, 1.16/100,000). Estimation of the "true" number of cases of meningococcal disease, using the capture-recapture method, gave a final total of 95 cases (95% CI, 93-98) and an incidence of 1.18/100,000. The completeness (sensitivity) of the original notification at the national reference center was therefore 87.4% (83 of 95 cases). CONCLUSION: All probable cases of meningococcal disease, even those (still) lacking microbiological confirmation, should be reported to the public health authorities as soon as possible, in order to ensure the necessary prompt prophylactic action (e.g., chemoprophylaxis).

Austria↗
PubMed2005

Dental procedures can be undertaken without alteration of oral anticoagulant regimen.

DATA SOURCES: Medline provided the primary data source with references from identified articles being reviewed for additional studies. The Cochrane Collaboration database was also searched and a search performed of cited references. STUDY SELECTION: Clinical studies, in English, examining perioperative management of patients receiving long-term oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy were selected. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data were extracted regarding management strategy, thrombo-embolic events and bleeding complications, and type of surgical or invasive procedure. Event rates were reported as number of patients experiencing the event divided by number of patients at risk. Binomial and Poisson distributions were used to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: A total of 31 reports were identified and concluded to be of generally poor quality. For studies reporting thrombo-embolic events, 29 events occurred in 1868 patients (1.6%; 95% CI, 1.0-2.1) of which seven were strokes (0.4%; 95% CI, 0.0-0.7). Major bleeding while receiving OAC was reported to be rare for dental procedures (occurring in four out of 2014 individuals), arthrocentesis (in none out of 32), cataract surgery (none out of 203), and upper endoscopy or colonoscopy with or without biopsy (no occurrences in 111 patients). For the other invasive and surgical procedures reviewed, OAC needs to be withheld and a suitable personalised perioperative management strategy instigated. A guideline, based on the limited evidence available, for the perioperative management of anticoagulation for procedures requiring discontinuation of OAC is presented. CONCLUSIONS: Certain surgical or invasive procedures can be undertaken in patients who are taking OAC therapy without alteration of their regimen. For procedures requiring discontinuation of OAC, personalised management strategies are required. More rigorous studies are needed to better inform this debate.

Comment↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Current Contents on Diskette and Reference Update.

Both Current Contents on Diskette and Reference Update provide an excellent mechanism for keeping abreast of the biomedical literature with a personal computer. Both systems are compatible with the two major database management programs for manipulating reprint files. Reference Update exports directly to Reference Manager (a choice on the main menu). Exporting to a file can also be done with one of four formats: Table of Contents, MEDLINE, Full, and One Line. To export Reference Update records into Pro-Cite, for example, the records must first be downloaded into MEDLINE format. Current Contents on Diskette also exports in four different formats: MEDLINE, Comma Delimited, Screen Image, and DIALOG. MEDLINE corresponds to Reference Manager format, and Comma Delimited corresponds to Pro-Cite format. Both products include reprint request systems that can be used directly from the programs. The two products share many features and differ primarily in terms of journal coverage. Current Contents on Diskette provides document delivery by means of the Genuine Article service, and Reference Update offers a synonym feature. Both programs are attractive alternatives to manual or on-line searching of the biomedical literature.

Information Systems↗
PubMed2001

The frequency of inherited disorders database: prevalence of Huntington disease.

A database of the frequency of human inherited disorders is being established for use in a clinical context, in medical research, for epidemiological studies, and in the planning of genetic services. Each entry includes the disease name categorized by organ system, an Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) number, the mode of inheritance, the population origin, a prevalence and/or incidence rate and a literature reference. The Frequency of Inherited Disorders Database (FIDD) currently contains 1,580 entries relating to 280 different Mendelian disorders. FIDD will be prospectively maintained and can be accessed at http://www.uwcm.ac.uk/uwcm/mg/fidd/. A more refined and systematic literature search that will serve to expand the size, scope and scale of the database is currently in progress. The coverage of neurological and neuromuscular disorders is however considered to be nearly complete. In this first description of FIDD, Huntington disease was used to illustrate the structure and scope of the database as well as its potential scientific utility. A total of 100 published articles on the prevalence of Huntington disease were appraised. Prevalence and incidence rates varied between different ethnic groups and between different countries. Possible reasons for this variation are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Construction of a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis protein database for the Nicotiana tabacum cv. Bright Yellow-2 cell suspension culture.

Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS), we have started the proteome analysis of the cell line Nicotiana tabacum cv. Bright Yellow-2 (tobacco BY-2). The BY-2 cell suspension culture is widely used as a model system to study the growth and development of plant cells. We present a protocol describing the sample preparation and 2-DE, enabling us to separate and display more than 1000 proteins from this cell culture. A reference gel was generated, using immobilized pH gradient isoelectric focusing in a linear gradient from pH 3 to 10 and 12% Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Although the tobacco genome is not sequenced yet, a range of protein spots from this reference map was identified by means of a semi-automated liquid chromatography-ESI-quadrupole time of flight-tandem MS (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS-MS) setup and cross-species matching. These data were integrated in a database, which can be accessed at http://tby2-www.uia.ac.be/tby2/. On the on-line reference map, the identified protein spots are hyperlinked to individual protein entries. Each protein entry contains all identification information, as well as links to relevant entries in other on-line databases. Comprehensive search functions are implemented. Especially for an unsequenced but widespread model organism like tobacco BY-2, such a reference database is a convenient source for protein information that brings protein identification within reach without the need for extensive MS. This publicly accessible database provides a solid basis for tobacco BY-2 proteomics in the future.

Databases as Topic↗