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Results for “Program Efficiency”

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At least 1,747 records · Page 97Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Agreement between patient self-reports and medical records for Pap smear histories.

As part of a larger cervical cancer study, we tried to verify the Pap smear histories for 125 black women with cervical cancer. For 105 of the patients, we identified all possible providers for the five-year period before the calendar year of diagnosis. Agreement between the medical records and the patient reports was poor to fair (kappa = 0.34) for whether the patient had a Pap smear in the three-year period before diagnosis. Patients tended to report far more Pap smears than medical records confirmed. Important determinants of agreement were the number of Pap smears reported during the five-year period and the age of the patient. The older the patient and the more Pap smears reported, the larger the discrepancy between the medical record and her self-report. The medical records did not contain enough data for us to complete an investigation of the possible reasons for this disagreement. Our results suggest these implications: (1) clinicians should strongly consider performing Pap smears if they doubt a patient's screening history, and (2) Pap smear registries are required for reliable and efficient evaluations of cervical cancer control programs because neither the patient report nor medical records are adequate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the influence of chemical factors of petroleum organic synthesis enterprises on the health status of their workers].

Recent studies conducted by a number of authors have given a good idea of the toxic effects of petroleum and its products on man. The combined effects of chemical and physical factors are known to potentiate their toxic effects and to cause an increase in morbidity among the workers of oil-refining plants. The paper substantiates the basic health indices to reduce the risk of industrial influences of the chemical components of emissions from an oil-producing plant on its workers' health. The workers were examined in accordance with the developed algorithm of hygienic evaluation under the influence of a combination of chemical factors, which makes it possible to define health indicators to optimize monitoring and to evaluate the efficiency of therapeutic-and-prophylactic programs. The results of the study suggest that in the workers, the elevated blood level of organic compounds exerting a polytropic toxic effect on the vital organs and systems is a risk factor for diseases and requires a systemic monitoring. Thus, program-specific planning of therapeutic and prophylactic measures implemented at an oil-producing plant should be accomplished by taking into account the optimum complex of diagnostic studies to evaluate the workers' health status.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1997

[Quantitative analysis of phoxim and cypermethrin using wide bore capillary column gas chromatography].

A compound pesticide, 20% P-C emulsion, consisting of 18.5% phoxim and 1.5% cypermethrin pesticides and other accessory agents is especially effective in controlling and killing boll worms. For its quality control some difficulties were encountered. In this paper we propose a simple and practical method for GC analysis of the product by use of a short wide bore capillary column (HP-1, 5m x 0.53mm x 2.65microm), high carrier gas flow rate and high-speed temperature programming etc.. Content analysis of efficient composition of "20% P-C emulsion" was completed under the chromatographic conditions using methyl parathion as an internal standard. Coefficient of variation of phoxim and cypermethrin were 0.67% and 1.0% respectively.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1992

TQM shifts hospital-vendor focus to total value, productivity.

The movement toward total quality management (TQM) is not only overturning the old ways of doing things within hospitals, it's transforming working relationships with vendors as well. A number of institutions are trying innovative approaches to purchasing, including vendor certification programs.

Commerce↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of ground ambulance, rotor-wing, and fixed-wing aircraft services.

It is hoped that this article has offered insightful suggestions and criteria in choosing the most appropriate method to transport patients. Ground ambulances, rotor-wing, and fixed-wing aircraft each have advantages and disadvantages in particular circumstances. The advantages and disadvantages of any mode of transport must be considered to best meet the needs of the patient. In the twentieth century alone, great strides have been made in the field of emergency stabilization and transport. An efficient, well-trained ground ambulance program remains the backbone of prehospital and interhospital transport systems. Helicopters and fixed-wing transports must be integrated into the EMS system. One advantage of the helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft is rapid travel times when time is critical. As Hicks et al said, "early resuscitation and timely transfer of selected patients are critical factors in reducing morbidity and mortality." The future holds many possibilities for enhanced patient transport. Hospitals may be able to use tilt-rotor, vertical landing, fixed-wing aircraft to combine the advantages of helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft. After all, our primary goal is to get the right patient, with the right personnel, to the right place in the right amount of time.

Aircraft↗
PubMed2006

Degradation of malathion by Pseudomonas during activated sludge treatment system using principal component analysis (PCA).

Popular descriptive multivariate statistical method currently employed is the principal component analyses (PCA) method. PCA is used to develop linear combinations that successively maximize the total variance of a sample where there is no known group structure. This study aimed at demonstrating the performance evaluation of pilot activated sludge treatment system by inoculating a strain of Pseudomonas capable of degrading malathion which was isolated by enrichment technique. An intensive analytical program was followed for evaluating the efficiency of biosimulator by maintaining the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration at 4.0 mg/L. Analyses by high performance liquid chromatographic technique revealed that 90% of malathion removal was achieved within 29 h of treatment whereas COD got reduced considerably during the treatment process and mean removal efficiency was found to be 78%. The mean pH values increased gradually during the treatment process ranging from 7.36-8.54. Similarly the mean ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) values were found to be fluctuating between 19.425-28.488 mg/L, mean nitrite-nitrogen (NO3-N) ranging between 1.301-2.940 mg/L and mean nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) ranging between 0.0071-0.0711 mg/L. The study revealed that inoculation of bacterial culture under laboratory conditions could be used in bioremediation of environmental pollution caused by xenobiotics. The PCA analyses showed that pH, COD, organic load and total malathion concentration were highly correlated and emerged as the variables controlling the first component, whereas dissolved oxygen, NO3-N and NH3-N governed the second component. The third component repeated the trend exhibited by the first two components.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed2006

Miniatured blood glucose measurement module interfaced with cellular phone.

Chronic diabetes requires systematic disease management that considers the patients' personal characteristics such as age and sex. The bureaucratic complexity of the Korean medical system lowers the efficiency of diabetes management. The present study developed a miniature blood glucose meter interfaced through the serial port of a cellular phone. The measured glucose level is displayed and efficiently managed by the customized GUI program run on the mobile platform. The present results demonstrate a new medical application example of mobile telecommunication technology.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1992

Using patient-instructors to teach and evaluate interviewing skills.

The teaching and evaluation of clinical interviewing skills is a continuing challenge for medicine and dentistry. The use of patient-instructors who provide consistency in presenting scenarios has recently been pioneered in dental education. This program focused primarily on teaching and used patient-instructors to give individual feedback from the patient's perspective to students after each of five scenarios. Feedback was constructive and behaviorally oriented so that it could be applied immediately to succeeding scenarios. Rating instruments assessed both process and content skills. Results indicated that students improved significantly in interpersonal interviewing skills as they progressed through the exercise. Content skills improved only slightly. Student and faculty reaction was positive. The program is an effective and time efficient means of teaching history taking and interviewing skills as well as an effective evaluation tool.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1991

Influence of aberrant observations on high-resolution linkage analysis outcomes.

Because of the availability of efficient, user-friendly computer analysis programs, the construction of multilocus human genetic maps has become commonplace. At the level of resolution at which most of these maps have been developed, the methods have proved to be robust. This may not be true in the construction of high-resolution linkage maps (3-cM interlocus resolution or less). High-resolution meiotic maps, by definition, have a low probability of recombination occurring in an interval. As such, even low frequencies of errors in typing (1.5% or less) may influence mapping outcomes. To investigate the influence of aberrant observations on high-resolution maps, a Monte Carlo simulation analysis of multipoint linkage data was performed. Introduction of error was observed to reduce power to discriminate orders, dramatically inflate map length, and provide significant support for incorrect over correct orders. These results appear to be due to the misclassification of nonrecombinant gametes as multiple recombinants. Chi 2-Like goodness-of-fit analysis appears to be quite sensitive to the appearance of misclassified gametes, providing a simple test for aberrant data sets. Multiple pairwise likelihood analysis appears to be less sensitive than does multipoint analysis and may serve as a check for map validity.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

[Modified use of training of socially insecure children from socio-culturally deprived social classes. A single case related study with children of a day care group].

In this paper a combination of individual- and group-training with unassertive children is described with strongly deprived children from a daily pedagogical institute. Instead of systematic parent's consulting other supportive elements like consulting with educators and teachers, intensive in-vivo-practices, weekly letters with homework etc. were used. Single case design and evaluating on the basis of a A-B-A-C design and a follow-up after eight weeks with three social disadvantaged children at the age of nine to eleven years were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Goal-attainment-scaling was used for each of the five to seven behavioral outcome measures in the individual- and group-training by video. The administration of this program proved to be effective and efficient. The improvements were above the expectations of the training's aims and were stable over a follow-up period.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1988

[Quality assessment in neonatology].

After discussing some general factors influencing the result of medical care at all (socio-economic conditions, biological factors), the difficulties of neonatal quality control compared with the assessment of quality in obstetric care are pointed out (greater variability of the data, evaluation of long-term effects). In addition to the obstetric system of data collection a similar evaluation of neonatal data is recommended to be introduced and definitions for general use are given. The recommendations are based on own investigations of the predictive value of some data gained within the perinatal period (history, physical examination, laboratory tests etc.). The high expenditures of personnel and equipment, at present, don't allow a nationwide introduction of such records. But in future perinatal centers should collect their data in an unique way according to this recommendations for comparing the efficiency of perinatal care in voluntary programs of quality control. The experiences collected by those analyses will be of great value concerning planning the design of a nationwide data recording system in perinatal medicine.

Cause of Death↗