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Myositis ossificans progressiva (MOP) is a rare hereditary connective tissue disorder. Skeletal abnormalities and progressive ectopic ossifications are features of this condition. Diagnosis is often delayed because of heterogenous picture of MOP. Treatment is unknown, so MOP leads to prolonged disability.
Sclerosing peritonitis already has been described as a serious complication of the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. But different other affections of the peritoneum such as chronic bacterial peritonitis and pancreatitis may result in sclerosing peritonitis, too. The symptom is characterised by thickened small bowel walls and peritoneal membranes as well as peritoneal calcifications which can be shown in computed tomography. We demonstrate two cases of peritoneal ossifications due to peritonitis and pancreatitis.
BACKGROUND: Different fracture fixation techniques and fracture environment influence bone formation in healing fractures. However, the influence on the development of biomechanical properties has not been clear described. We evaluated the influence of fracture fixation stability and fracture environment on mechanical properties in healing femoral fractures in rats. METHODS: Animals were treated surgically with external fixation: 1 group (27 rats) with 0-mm fracture gap size with bone ends touching, corresponding to an axial stiffness of 265 (SD 34) N/mm, and a second group (27 rats) with 2-mm fracture gap size corresponding to an axial stiffness of 30 (SD 2.1) N/mm. From each group, 6-7 animals were killed at 2, 4, 6 and 12 weeks. Torsional test revealed a delay in torsional stiffness in fractures in group 2 compared to group 1. In group 2, the torsional stiffness of the contralateral femora was found to be greater at 12 weeks than the torsional stiffness in group 1. INTERPRETATION: We found that during fracture healing, the development of torsional stiffness corresponds to the magnitude of endochondral ossification and late response of bone formation. A significantly increased torsional stiffness in the non-fractured leg of rats with delayed fracture healing was also found, possibly indicating a response to loading conditions or a systemic stimulation of bone mass.
The factors initiating the onset of desmal jaw formation are not known. The purpose of the present report was to examine the correlation between the appearance of ossification and nerve tissue in human fetal jaws. This was done through elaboration of similarities in occurrence of tissue types at four different sites of initial bone formation in the jaws. Radiological and histochemical methods applied to the jaws of 26 human embryos/fetuses revealed that nerve tissue appeared in the jaws before bone tissue. Early bone formation occurred in close relation to the mandibular nerve, the maxillary nerve, the palatine nerve, and the naso-palatine nerve. It is suggested that the foramina (mental foramen, infraorbital foramen, palatal foramen, and incisive foramen) are the areas of incipient bone formation, and that the sequence in bone formation corresponds to the sequence in the development of nerve fibers from the trigeminal ganglion.
By means of anthropometrical and craniometrical investigation of the section material 1530 foetuses and newborns, basic tests of physical development by the gestational age were investigated. High-grade of variability of the construction of the brain scull and vertebral column, and intensity of ossification of the bones system has been established. Two types of normal and deviated structure of brain sculls were registered: occlusive or stenotic and dyestetic or pseudo-hydrocephalic variations. According to the obtained results the peculiarity of individual deviation, and its significance to the process of birth was established.
We studied plain films, arthrograms, and clinical courses of patients with congenital dislocation of the hip to examine the relationship of ossific nucleus eccentricity (ONE) of the femoral head to the shape of the cartilaginous femoral head and the prognosis of these findings. No statistically significant correlation of ONE and cartilaginous femoral head shape was noted, nor was correlation noted for early femoral head shape and subsequent clinical course. Only the association of ONE in an older subgroup of patients with a complicated clinical course was statistically significant (p less than 0.05).
The autopodia of proximal limbs as well as the proximal growth plates of the tibia of newborn nu/nu including super nu/nu, nu/+ and +/+ mice were studied. No differences in the ossification of proximal limb autopodia (regarding the distribution of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase or glycosaminoglycans) were observed in mice of genotypes studied. On the other hand, a thinner proximal tibial growth plate characterizes one-month-old nu/nu mice, and also the architecture and alkaline phosphatase pattern were altered. The results suggest a postnatal secondary effect of the nu/nu genotype on skeletal development.
Report on the treatment of a female patient, now 18 years old, with a bilateral continuous cleft of the lip, jaw and palate, in whom genuine ossification occurred at the jaw clefts. The upper lateral incisors and both upper canines have aligned themselves regularly in this jaw. Until now natural bone formation in a cleft jaw has been considered impossible.
Neurourological studies were performed on 39 patients with cervical myelopathy due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Micturitional history revealed that 30 patients (77%) had voiding symptoms: obstructive in 8, irritative in 11, and both obstructive and irritative symptoms in 11. Ten patients had urge incontinence and 4 had urinary retention. Urodynamic studies revealed that 7 of 19 had abnormal uroflowmetrogram, 16 of 35 had residual urine, 18 of 39 had detrusor hyperreflexia, and 10 of 39 had detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. There were no statistical differences in lower extremity neurological signs in patients with incontinence, and patients with residual urine or urinary retention.
Dual-photon absorptiometry (DPA) is now widely used to determine bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and hips. Because the resulting images are often not of sufficient resolution to identify many bone or soft tissue abnormalities that may influence results, clinical and radiographic correlation is necessary. Presented are two cases in which results of DPA of the hips were elevated because of the presence of heterotopic ossification.
Restriction of motion of the joints due to peri-articular ossifications constitute a major problem in the rehabilitation of patients with transverse spinal cord lesion. The therapeutic possibilities as well as the preventive measurements are described and illustrated with a few case reports.
Authors examined in animal experiments the ossification of decalcinated cortical bone. A more rapid rebuilding of the demineralised bone than that of the not decalcinated one, seems to them as proven. An acceleration of the process is tried by dosing anabolic steroids and calcium.
The establishment of the Hungarian cranio-facial surgical team is reported on and the activity sphere of this special field is described. The consequences of early ossification of the cranial sutures as well as the therapeutical possibilities are dealt with. Brief review is given on the development of cranio-facial surgery. The age, diagnosis and interventions performed with the patients in 1987 are summarized in a table.
Epidermoid tumors of the spinal canal are rare. We report two patients with intraspinal lesions and radiographically evident calcification. One proved to have an epidermoid tumor. Although the tissue diagnosis in the second was not definitive, it suggested an epidermoid tumor as well. Radiographically visible ossification or calcification has not been reported before in intraspinal epidermoids.
The usefulness of the degrees of apophyseal ossification of the iliac crest and bone age as an index of bone maturation was compared in patients with scoliosis. Comparisons of Risser sign, bone age, and chronological age in 85 patients with idiopathic scoliosis showed a close correlation between Risser sign and bone age (R = 0.75, p less than 0.001). Scoliosis progressed after the appearance of type IV Risser sign in more patients than after the appearance of type V sign or a bone age of 16 years. There was no difference between the progress rate of scoliosis after the appearance of type V Risser sign and that after the bone age of 16 years. Risser V is defined by different signs according to the investigators. Some use the time of complete apophyseal fusion of the iliac crest, but others use the beginning of fusion. Therefore, bone age is thought to be a more useful index of bone maturation for a prospect of progress in scoliosis.
A method is described which enables visualisation of the blood supply in developing avian long bones, followed by the preparation of undecalcified histological sections from the same material. The circulatory system was perfused with a solution of fixative, dye and barium sulphate. The skeletal tissue was cleared in plastic resin before embedding and tissue blocks were cut into 1 mm slabs. The vascular canals were then examined with a dissecting microscope. Slabs were re-embedded in resin and 5 microns sections cut for routine undecalcified histological staining. Focal areas of delayed endochondral ossification were demonstrated in slabs prepared from the proximal ends of femora of White Leghorns. These lesions are considered a less severe form of the dyschondroplastic condition occurring in broilers.
Dynamic interferential current ossification system (DICOS) is a new non-invasive method to accelerate bone growth and repair successfully applied in Europe. As all evaluation methods of clinical bone repair models are too subjective and statistically unreliable, we base our statement on well defined animal experiments with standardized artificial fractures on sheep. Histological, chemical, radiological and electron-microscopic evaluations showed that the higher the interferential current density, the higher: The mineralization of the new bone; The extracellular alkaline phosphatase and The earlier the weight bearing. The electrical field was cross-calculated with computer-aided programs. 4000 Hz alternating current, using the interferential principle; Pleasant current sensation Non-invasive transcutaneous application; Electrode application at any distance from the fracture, even outside the cast; The application is not contraindicated with metal implants being used; No chemical burning under the electrodes; Post-traumatic oedema resorption; Pain relief for patients in cases where analgetics are contraindicated; Acceleration of reinnervation and improvement of microcirculation.
The present studies indicate that in the growth of cartilage canals the cartilage is removed by chondroclasts which stem from the primitive connective tissue cells of the perichondrium. Besides fusing to form multinucleated chondroclasts, these cells also provide the osteoblasts which establish the secondary centre of ossification. The growing tips of the blood vessels within the canals are also fashioned from these primitive connective tissue cells as they invade the microhaemorrhages at the ends of the canals. This is an identical procedure to that found in the vascular invasion of the primary growth plate. The cartilage canals are clearly useful sites in which to study the development of osteoclasts and chondroclasts from more primitive (osteoprogenitor) cells.