Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Credentialing”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,747 records · Page 97Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The development of Canadian nursing: professionalization and proletarianization.

In this article, the development of nursing in Canada is described in terms of three major time periods: the emergence of lay nursing, including organization and registration, 1870-1930; the move to the hospital, 1930-1950; and unionization and the routinization of health care, 1950 to the present. This development is viewed in the light of the orienting concepts of professionalization, proletarianization, and medical dominance (and gender analysis). This historical trajectory of nursing shows an increasing occupational autonomy but continuing struggles over control of the labor process. Nursing is now using theory, organizational changes in health care, and credentialism to help make nursing "separate from but equal to" medicine and to gain control over the day-to-day work of the nurse. Nursing can thus be viewed as undergoing processes of both professionalization and proletarianization. As nursing seeks to control the labor process, its occupational conflicts are joined to the class struggle of white-collar workers in general. Analysis of nursing indicates the problems involved in sorting out the meaning of concepts that are relevant to occupational or class analysis but which focus on the same empirical phenomenon.

Canada↗
PubMed2000

An ethical code for AOD faculty: a proposed set of guidelines.

Ethical codes of conduct are accepted requirements for membership in state and national organizations that grant credentials to those who are employed as alcohol and other drug (AOD) counselors, prevention specialists, and clinical supervisors. It seems appropriate to explore the possibility of an ethical code directly linked to addiction faculty which will outline their unique educational responsibilities and standards. The authors suggest development and adoption of such an ethical code for college-level addiction studies faculty and this proposal is offered as a move toward that possibility.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2006

Distortion of some of the basic principles of public health practice in India.

India's political leadership has chosen personnel from the Indian Administrative Service cadre of generalist administrators and from the clinician-dominated cadre of the Central Health Services to run the country's health service system. The personnel's inadequate or distorted understanding of some of the basic principles of public health practice--such as developing an epidemiological approach to solving community health problems, choice of appropriate technology, and optimization of health service systems--has had a very deleterious effect on the health service system. These administrators have become vulnerable to manipulation by personnel from international agencies, who also have questionable public health credentials, to create space for imposition of their technocentric, ill-conceived, and ill-designed agenda. To rationalize adoption of such an obviously faulty agenda, they have to be ahistorical, apolitical, and atheoretical and indulge in misinformation, disinformation, and suppression and manipulation of information. This amounts to what Navarro has termed "intellectual fascism."

India↗
PubMed1975

The development of the nursing labor force in the United States: a basic analysis.

In this article, we draw together some basic material on the objectives character of the nursing labor force in the United States. First, we present a statistical and descriptive picture of the nursing labor force as it exists today. Then we analyze the historical development of that labor force up to about 1950, stressing its general integration into a hierarchical and concentrated health industry. Finally, we look at the development of the nursing labor force over the past 25 years in terms of factors such as sex, race, age educational credentials, labor force participation, place of work, and the hierarchical division of labor, discussing the general implications of the changes in these factors for worker organization in the health industry. Our main conclusion is that the nursing labor force is in a kiey position to lead a movement for the restructing of the health industry to serve the health needs of the American people rather than the profit and power requirements of the health employers. The primary, and difficult, task ahead is to build labor organization which will have the vision and unity to work this goal.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2007

Referring physicians' attitudes toward international interpretation of teleradiology images.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated referring physician attitudes toward the international interpretation of radiologic images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A five-question, scenario-based survey describing features of a hypothetic local radiology firm compared with those of its hypothetic overseas counterpart, international radiology, was sent by mail to 350 physicians from a broad range of medical and surgical specialties. One hundred nineteen physicians responded, for a response rate of 34%. Referring physicians were asked to indicate their preference for local versus international interpretation in each scenario using a 5-point Likert scale, with a score of -2 indicating a strong preference for international services, 0 indicating no preference, and 2 indicating a strong preference for local services. RESULTS: When all variables are held to be equal, referring physicians strongly prefer local services (mean score, 1.77; SD, 0.77). When international teleradiology provides either a 2-day faster turnaround time for reports or a 30 dollars lower out-of-pocket cost to the patient, referring physicians still prefer local services, although less than they did with all variables held equal (mean score, 0.42-0.44; SD, 1.30-1.40). When international teleradiology provides both a 2-day faster turnaround time and a 30 dollars lower out-of-pocket cost to the patient, referring physicians preferred international teleradiology, albeit only slightly (mean, -0.25; SD, 1.50). Finally, when the credentials of the international radiologists are perceived to be less than those of the local radiologists, even in the face of faster turnaround time and 30 dollars lower cost to the patient, referring physicians overall strongly prefer local services (mean, 1.51; SD, 0.86). CONCLUSION: Referring physicians prefer local interpretation of radiologic images to international interpretation when all things are equal. However, the timeliness of image interpretation and the cost to the patient are important factors in this decision.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2002

Placement of vena cava filters: factors affecting technical success and immediate complications.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate factors affecting technical success and the immediate complications of placement of vena cava filters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of 148 consecutive patients who underwent filter placement between December 1995 and February 1999 were retrospectively reviewed for cavography, technical success, complications, and operator specialty. RESULTS: The records of 143 filter placements in 142 patients were complete (one patient underwent two placements). One hundred twenty filter placements were preceded by cavography, and 23 were not. Three misplacements (2.5%) were preceded by cavography and 10 (43%) were not (p<0.0001). One hundred fourteen filter placements were performed by radiologists and 29 by surgeons. Cavography was performed before 98% of placements by radiologists but in only 28% of placements by surgeons (p<0.0001). Filter misplacement occurred in 12 placements (41%) by surgeons and in only one (0.9%) by radiologists (p<0.0001). Major complications occurred in three placements (10%) by surgeons and in none of the placements by radiologists (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Vena cava filters were placed with greater technical success and fewer complications when preceded by cavography. Radiologists placed filters with greater technical success and fewer complications than surgeons, which may be the result of radiologists generally having more training and more familiarity with imaging-guided procedures and adhering more to cavography protocol. A credentialing requirement for physician operators and evaluation using quality improvement standards may be advisable.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Outcome and complications associated with treatment of pemphigus foliaceus in dogs: 43 cases (1994-2000).

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors affecting prognosis, outcome, and complications associated with pemphigus foliaceus in dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 43 dogs with pemphigus foliaceus. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed for signalment, age at diagnosis, duration to diagnosis, body area affected, initial immunosuppressive regimens and concurrent use of antimicrobials and sucralfate or histamine receptor 2 blocking agent, adverse effects of treatment, duration of treatment, number of visits for follow-up care, cause of death, and credentials of the veterinarians responsible for continued care. RESULTS: The case fatality rate was 60.5%. Factors significantly correlated with survival time included concurrent use of antimicrobials during initiation of immunosuppressive treatment and a lower number of adverse effects to treatment. Treatment times lasting more than 10 months from diagnosis correlated significantly with survival. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Treatment with or prophylactic use of antimicrobials may be warranted during initial immunosuppressive treatment. The inverse correlation between survival time and number of adverse treatment effects was not unexpected because it was reflective of the owners' decision to euthanatize their dogs and of corticosteroid-related secondary diseases. Survival beyond the tenth month of treatment predicted long-term survival, which suggests that dogs require careful management during the early months of treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Characteristics of APA Division 40 Fellows and ABPP Diplomates in clinical neuropsychology.

Diplomate and Fellow status in clinical neuropsychology reflect professional competency and a record of significant contributions to the field. This present study provides a snapshot of the pathways to these distinctions and focuses on the educational history and demographic description of ABPP Diplomates and APA Division 40 Fellows. Identification of degree-granting institutions of these psychologists provides distal outcome data for training programs. Both credentials were identified as midcareer markers, as attainment of either required over 12 years of postdoctoral experiences. The pool of Fellows is significantly older than the Diplomates, but these data are confounded as 53 individuals hold both a diploma and Fellow status. Women were underrepresented in both groups. In regard to degree specialty, clinical psychology was the most prevalent degree program represented; however, the groups appear to be permeable to psychologists who received formal training in other subspecialties.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Competency revalidation study: a description of advanced clinical practice in sports physical therapy.

The first board-certified sports clinical specialists (SCSs) obtained their specialty credentials in 1986. A history of the development process is provided. The Sports Specialty Council and American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties are responsible for maintaining currency in the examination. Therefore, a review of current practice standards was conducted in 1992. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the methodology and results of the survey. Complete details are found in the document entitled "Description of Advanced Clinical Practice: Sports Physical Therapy" (DACP), which is available through the Sports Physical Therapy Section. A random sample of 2,000 members of the Sports Physical Therapy Section and all clinical specialists certified at the time (N = 49) were surveyed. A total of 507 members (25.3%) and 49 SCSs (100%) returned the questionnaire. The domain of knowledge required by the SCS was divided into nine different areas, with multiple competency statements in each area. Respondents rated each competency statement on three scales: importance, entry-level preparation, and frequency of use. A panel of content area experts then reviewed the results to develop the final competencies and examination blueprint. These competency statements will form the basis of the SCS examination and be implemented in 1995. Competency and examination revision is a constantly evolving process, and this document should serve as a guide for further revisions.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Diagnostic imaging and differential diagnosis in 2 case reports.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective resident's case reports. BACKGROUND: In today's healthcare setting, it is important for physical therapists to recognize when diagnostic imaging is necessary--as well as know how to interpret the results of these tests--to assist in the clinical decision-making process. Two cases are presented that illustrate how a physical therapist, credentialed to request and review diagnostic imaging, effectively and efficiently utilized multiple forms of diagnostic imaging to assist in his differential diagnosis and clinical decision making. DIAGNOSIS: The first case report describes the differential diagnostic process for a 33-year-old active duty military paratrooper who had sustained trauma to his neck. His history was consistent with a C6 radiculopathy, which was confirmed by a neurological screening examination. Radiographs requested by the physical therapist revealed an anterolithesis of C5 on C6, with a possible fracture. An orthopedic surgeon was consulted and further diagnostic testing via magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large disc herniation at C5-6, with spinal cord compression, as well as a C5 vertebral body fracture with nearly perched facets at C5 on C6. The patient was subsequently referred to a neurosurgeon and underwent an emergency C5-6 fusion that afternoon. The second case report describes the differential diagnosis of a 20-year-old active-duty soldier referred for rehabilitation with a diagnosis of a distal fibula stress fracture. Previous treatment by the referring provider included 3 months of rest and anti-inflammatory medications. Physical examination of the patient revealed a marked decrease in ankle inversion with a firm end feel. This was not consistent with the diagnosis established by the referring provider. Subsequent radiographs requested by the physical therapist and a computed tomography scan requested by a podiatrist revealed synostosis of the middle facet of the talocalcaneal joint with an apparent fracture line. The patient subsequently underwent a subtalar arthrodesis. DISCUSSION: In these cases the physical therapist requested imaging needed for appropriate management, despite the patient having previously seen a primary care provider. In both examples, the physical therapist successfully identified abnormalities prior to a radiologist or other physician reviewing the results. This avoided delay in definitive management of the patients' problems. It is imperative that physical therapists understand when diagnostic imaging is necessary to assist in the differential diagnosis of patients. Likewise, it is important for physical therapists to be competent in interpreting the results of these tests. When not in a direct access physical therapy environment, a physical therapist should understand when diagnostic imaging tests are indicated. This facilitates working with the entire health care team to acquire necessary tests in an appropriate timeframe.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic surgery training: application of an in vitro trainer and in vivo swine model.

The development of endoscopic surgical procedures is changing general surgery, with many operations such as cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and hernia repair being performed using laparoscopic surgical techniques. Training and credentialing of surgeons are key issues for the safe and ethical introduction of these new procedures. This article reviews techniques employed at our institution for laparoscopic surgical training and certification including didactic instruction, an in-vitro model for learning instrumentation and hand-eye coordination, and in-vivo training using the porcine animal model.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The counselor in drug user treatment.

The counselor--the key staff member at therapeutic communities, outpatient drug-free treatment, and methadone maintenance--provides a wide range of services to clients. Crucial issues with respect to parity and other relationships between professional and ex-user counselors, counselor mobility, credentialing, role modeling, division of labor among counselors with different backgrounds, training, relations with alcoholism counselors, and changes linked to multiple drug use and funding shifts are discussed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1993

Observations on the recent history of drug user counseling.

The drug user counselor role is explored in terms of its changing nature over the course of the past 25 years. Initially, the drug user counselor could be characterized as a professional based on his or her experience, or as an ex-addict paraprofessional in the language of that time. Working very largely with a heroin-using clientele, the counselor was the advisor and role model who could not be conned and, thereby, the essential counterpart to the mental health professionals who were entering the drug misuse field. Over time, these latter professionals based on education have become increasingly evident and the "professionals of experience" have become less so in accord with changes in the demography, drug-using characteristics, and psychological functioning of drug user clients. Nonetheless, studies that support the particular efficacy of counselors of education for all but drug user clients with significant psychopathology are lacking. Moreover, aspects of therapeutic interaction that are more largely engaged in by "professionals of experience" are threatened by the diminution in that group's numbers and the credentialing out of nontraditional job functions. Over the past few years, awareness of the significance of the contributions of "professionals of experience" has been reawakened by the threat of AIDS and the recognition of counselors' contributions to outreach and AIDS prevention counseling.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2004

"They gave their care, but we gave loving care": defining and defending the boundaries of skill and craft in the nursing service of a Manitoba mental hospital during the great depression.

The School of Nursing at the Brandon Hospital for Mental Diseases was established in 1921 to equip the hospital with a corps of nurses equal to those found in urban general hospitals. While the school replicated the form of the general hospital training school, its credential was rejected by the national association of graduate nurses. Without the possibility of registration the mental nurses of the 1920s evolved a culture of resistance to the strictures of the training school, one which included affiliation with a trade union. Although still shut-out by the general nursing community, the nurses of the 1930s, arriving with a different sense of their occupational and social mobility, were more disposed to embrace the professional ideology of the training school. By invoking their superior ability to care and their learned capacity to function in the unpredictable environment of the mental hospital, they constructed mental nursing as a skilled craft based on proprietary knowledge, different from the work of both the general hospital nurse and the untrained ward attendant.

Canada↗
PubMed2006

A status report of veterinary education in Ethiopia: perceived needs, past history, recent changes, and current and future concerns.

Ethiopia, which owns the most important livestock resources in Africa, opened its first faculty of veterinary medicine in 1979. In 2003, in response to a government mandate to increase the number of veterinarians, four new veterinary faculties were founded, but these facilities still have very limited resources. Currently, quality standards and controls for veterinary studies are not established in Ethiopia, and the country does not have any type of veterinary council or oversight body to establish such standards or the essential evaluation and credentialing procedures. The veterinary degree, as currently obtained in Ethiopia, is not internationally recognized. A second specific concern for veterinary education in Ethiopia is that it is not well adapted to the special needs of the country. Clearly, quality control of veterinary education needs to be established, and teaching methods and materials need to be adapted to the special needs of the country. So far, the veterinary faculty in Ethiopia has been more interested in partnerships with universities from developed countries than in partnerships and cooperation with other African universities. In 2002, after six years of cooperation with a German university, the Veterinary Faculty at Addis Ababa started its own post-graduate program, with some key contributions from foreign instructors and some foreign funding. While this has been a service to Ethiopian veterinary medicine, the cooperation of the Ethiopian veterinary schools with African universities must also be strengthened. Overall, the good efforts to date in Ethiopian veterinary medicine have only barely scratched the surface of its critical needs. In order to meet Ethiopia's needs for both a reliable and high-quality veterinary education and a trustworthy animal disease surveillance mechanism, it is important that veterinary education in Ethiopia be improved.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2026

Survey on the current status of novel cancer drug therapies for gynecological cancers in Japan: a nationwide survey by the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG).

OBJECTIVE: To characterize real-world implementation of novel therapies in gynecological oncology in Japan and identify actionable gaps through a nationwide survey. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed to Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology-affiliated institutions. The items covered institution characteristics; use of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), kinase inhibitors, and antibody-based agents; local adverse event (AE) manuals; availability of expert panels and immune-related adverse event (irAE) teams; and perceptions of educational sufficiency. RESULTS: Valid responses were obtained from 245 institutions, spanning universities, cancer centers, and general hospitals. Most institutions reported the routine use of PARP inhibitors, ICIs, kinase inhibitors, and antibody drugs. However, only 40.4% of institutions had an in-hospital irAE management team, 57.1% had an AE/irAE manual, and 31.0% and 12.2% considered prior educational opportunities sufficient for physicians and nurses/other medical staff, respectively. High-volume institutions and academic centers were significantly more likely to have medical oncology support, expert-panel access, irAE teams, manuals, and higher self-rated evidence-based management capacity. The majority favored e-learning and society-led case conferences, and 76.3% supported the development of drug therapy subspecialties in gynecologic oncology. CONCLUSION: Innovative drug modalities are widely implemented across Japanese gynecological oncology services. However, critical gaps persist in multidisciplinary irAE management, standardized manuals, and practical education. Coordinated society-led programs to expand irAE teams, streamline companion diagnostics, disseminate ready-to-use algorithms, and provide credential-targeted training may enhance safety, equity, and evidence-concordant care nationwide.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hospitals and the educational institution: an innovative partnership for nursing specialty education.

Rapid technological and economic change require that educational institutions respond efficiently and effectively to the needs of the health care industry. Nurses demand education that is accessible, affordable, and relevant, and demand recognition for educational achievement in terms of credentials and financial rewards. This article describes a partnership between British Columbia Institute of Technology (which is driven by and responds to industry) and The School of Health Science (which prepares nurses for specialty practice). The partnership permits a proactive relationship that utilizes the best qualities of both the health care and educational institutions. Although this alliance has been used extensively to prepare nurses for specialty areas, this partnership model could be implemented by a variety of institutions to meet educational needs in many health care professions.

British Columbia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing on-line for continuing education credit.

BACKGROUND: The Internet was evaluated as a source of continuing education credit for RNs. METHOD: Using the search engines Alta Vista, Excite, Magellan, and Infoseek, 600 World Wide Web sites were reviewed for on-line programs that would lead to the receipt of a continuing education (CE) certificate of completion for a varying number of CE hours. RESULTS: Five sites provided CE programs online and one site used e-mail to deliver the program to personal computers. All sites offered certificates and were approved to offer continuing nursing education credit through a state board of nursing or through the agency sponsoring the Internet site. The CE hours were also approved by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate the Internet is a source of CE units (hours) for nurses that may be used to satisfy requirements of state boards of nursing. The sites are easily accessible and eliminate travel and great expenses. The Internet is a rich source of current health-related information not approved for CE units but pertinent to health care professionals.

Certification↗