Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CAT SCRATCH DISEASE”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,747 records · Page 97Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Recurrence of sporotrichosis in cats with zoonotic involvement.

The aim of this work is to describe the prevalence of the disease in the same cattery after three years, and to report a case of human sporotrichosis following a cat scratch. In May 1997, four felines presenting a cachexy state and ulcerous lesions on the head, nose and limbs were examined in a veterinary clinic in the town of Rio Grande (RS-Brazil). Exudate and crusts were collected for microbiological diagnosis. The cat's owner returned to the clinic reporting that another eleven felines presented similar lesions. She had ulcerous lesions on her hand and ascending lymphangitis. She was conducted to medical examination where exudate and crusts from the lesions were collected and after the culture Sporothrix schenckii was isolated. After three years the same person sought veterinary assistance for seven more cats with similar lesions to the five previously described. Microbiological tests resulted again in isolation of S. schenckii. Treatment with potassium iodine was effective for the cure of human sporotrichosis, whereas for the felines it showed toxic effect. Only one showed regression of the disease while all the others presented progression of the lesions or even death. The authors call attention to the possible persistence of S. schenckii in cat populations.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

[Septic shock caused by Pasteurella multocida in alcoholic patients. Probable contamination of leg ulcers by the saliva of the domestic cats].

BACKGROUND: Pasteurella multocida septicemic septic shock without scratches in chronic alcohol abusers are rare and paucibacillar. Chronic legs ulcers could be predisposing factors. Three severe cases of such diseases with early multiple organ failure without endocarditis despite 3, 5 and 3 positive blood cultures respectively are reported. CASE REPORTS: In all three cases, the source of septicemia was extensive skin legs ulcers contaminated by domestic cat saliva, probably. The underlying diseases were alcoholism, without cirrhosis (2 cases) and with cirrhosis (1 case). Aggravating factors were present (chronic renal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents) and they might have been responsible for pejorative outcome despite early appropriate empirical antibiotic regimens. DISCUSSION: Because P. multocida SSC could be fulminant in chronic alcohol abusers with or without cirrhosis, we propose for these patients reducing exposure to cats and hand-washing after exposure if wounds are present.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Multimarker immunohistochemical staining of calgranulins, chloroacetate esterase, and S100 for simultaneous demonstration of inflammatory cells on paraffin sections.

Mac387 monoclonal antibody (MAb) recognizes two calcium binding, myeloid-associated proteins, now termed calgranulins, expressed at high levels by neutrophils and monocytes. Calgranulins are related to migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and are lost in a few days from monocytes differentiated in vitro. This marker is therefore potentially useful to analyze macrophage heterogeneity and turnover in tissue sections. In this study, we developed an immunohistochemical multimarker technique, including calgranulin demonstration, suitable for analyzing different inflammatory cells on paraffin-embedded material. The technique was carried out in subsequent steps demonstrating (a) naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase (CAE); (b) S100 immunoreactivity using a rabbit antibody in peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) staining; and (c) Mac387 immunoreactivity using the alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique. CAE staining was introduced in this method to distinguish Mac387+/CAE- macrophages from Mac387+/CAE+ neutrophils, and Mac387-/CAE+ mast cells. S100 protein is strongly expressed within lymphoid tissues by dendritic accessory cells and was then applied to distinguish these cells from S100-macrophages. We have also verified the possibility of reducing the staining time for this time-consuming procedure by use of microwave irradiation. The technique was applied to a representative variety of normal and pathological samples to assess its usefulness for study of cell heterogeneity. Our results showed the multimarker technique to be highly informative in the study of inflammatory lesions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoid and cat-scratch granulomas, dermathopathic lymphadenopathy), and is of wide potential value as an aid to histopathological diagnosis of several diseases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Pasteurella multocida infections. Report of 34 cases and review of the literature.

Pasteurella multocida, a small, gram-negative coccobacillus , is part of the normal oral flora of many animals, including the dog and cat. P. multocida is the etiologic agent in a variety of infectious disease syndromes. We have reported 34 cases of infection caused by P. multocida and have reviewed the English literature. P. multocida infections may be divided into three broad groups: 1. Infections resulting from animal bites and scratches : The most common infections caused by P. multocida are local wound infections following animal bites or scratches . Cats are the source of infection in 60 to 80% of cases and dogs in the great majority of the remainder. Local infections are characterized by the rapid appearance of erythema, warmth, tenderness, and frequently purulent drainage. The most common local complications are abscess formation and tenosynovitis. Serious local complications include septic arthritis proximal to bites or scratches , osteomyelitis resulting from direct inoculation or extension of cellulitis, and the combination of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis, most commonly involving a finger or hand after a cat bite. 2. Isolation of P. multocida from the respiratory tract: The isolation of P. multocida from the respiratory tract must be interpreted differently than its isolation from other systemic sites. Most commonly P. multocida found in the respiratory tract is a commensal organism in patients with underlying pulmonary disease, but serious respiratory tract infections including pneumonia, empyema, and lung abscesses may develop. Most patients with respiratory tract colonization or infection have a history of animal exposure. 3. Other systemic infections: P. multocida is recognized as a pathogen in a variety of systemic infections including bacteremia, meningitis, brain abscess, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and intra-abdominal abscess. P. multocida often acts as an opportunistic pathogen with a predilection for causing bacteremia in patients with liver dysfunction, septic arthritis in damaged joints, meningitis in the very young or elderly, and pulmonary colonization or invasion in patients with underlying respiratory tract abnormalities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Abscess↗
PubMed2006

Nocardia infections in cats: a retrospective multi-institutional study of 17 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To record 17 cases of nocardiosis in cats from eastern Australia and to compare this series with cases previously reported. DESIGN: Retrospective/prospective study. RESULTS: Nocardia spp infections were diagnosed in 17 cats over 14 years from the three eastern states of Australia. There were no isolates from dogs during this period, but one isolate from a koala and two from dairy cows. The majority of cats presented with spreading lesions of the subcutis and skin associated with draining sinus tract(s). Early cutaneous lesions consisted of circumscribed abscesses. Infections spread at a variable rate, generally by extension to adjacent tissues. Lesions were generally located in regions subjected to cat bite or scratch injuries, including limbs, body wall, inguinal panniculus and nasal bridge. In some other cases, lesions were situated on distal extremities. The clinical course was variable, from chronic, indolent, initially localised infections to acute fulminating disease. Of the 17 cats, 14 were domestic crossbreds and three were purebreds. There was a preponderance of male cats (12 castrated, 1 entire young adult, 1 entire kitten). Nine of 17 cats were 10 years or older. Interestingly, the majority of infections were attributable to N nova. Immediate and/or predisposing causes could be identified in all cases, and included: renal transplantation [one cat]; chronic corticosteroid administration [three cats]; catabolic state following chylothorax surgery [one cat]; fight injuries [seven cats]; FIV infections [three of seven cats tested]. Of the 17 cats, three were apparently cured. Four were thought to be cured, but infection recurred after several months. Three cats responded partially but were euthanased, while another was improving when it died of unrelated complications. Two died despite treatment and two were euthanased without an attempt at therapy. For two cats there were either insufficient records or the patient was lost to follow up. CONCLUSION: Nocardiosis is a rare, serious disease. Currently it is more common in cats than dogs. Nocardial panniculitis may be clinically indistinguishable from the syndrome caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria. Although the prognosis is guarded, patients with localised infections caused by N nova often respond to appropriate therapy. If definitive treatment is delayed because of misdiagnosis, the disease tends to become chronic, extensive and refractory. Insufficient duration of therapy leads to disease recurrence.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Pasteurelloses].

According to the genetic relationships among Gram-negative bacilli the genus Pasteurella is included with the genus Haemophilus and the genus Acinobacillus within the family Pasteurellacae. Pasteurella multocida, the type species, is responsible for the majority of human Pasteurella infections. P. multocida is a member of the normal flora in the upper respiratory tract of many mammals or birds. It causes sporadic or epidemic diseases among different animal species, particularly pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis in swine in intensive breeding stations. The most common human infection with P. multocida is a local cellulitis following dog or cat bites and scratches. Serious local complications are sometimes responsible for prolonged disability. The respiratory tract is the second human source of P. multocida isolates. The frequency of recovery of P. multocida from oropharynx of apparently healthy pig breeders suggests that respiratory pasteurellosis could be an occupational disease. The mechanisms of virulence of P. multocida are unclear. Several factors are involved: capsules preventing phagocytosis, a dermonecrotic toxin causing experimental atrophic rhinitis, hyaluronidase, neuraminidase and proteases. Penicillin is considered to be the drug of choice for Pasteurella infection. Tetracyclin is efficient for bites but has no bactericidal effect. Oxacillin, first-generation cephalosporins, macrolides and aminoglycosides have poor activities. In the case of beta-lactamase producing strains a bactericidal effect could be achieved with fluoroquinolones or third generation cephalosporins.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Physical, chemical and biological hazards in veterinary practice.

OBJECTIVE: To identify major occupational hazards encountered by veterinarians and their staff in practice in Australia. PROCEDURE: A literature search of Medical (MEDLINE), Occupational Health and Safety (OSHRAM) and Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) electronic data bases plus continual monitoring utilising the Uncover alerting system using the key words, 'occupational injury', 'occupational disease' and 'safety' linked with use of the word 'veterinarians' has found relevant articles. Personal communication with people who have undertaken studies on occupational safety in veterinarians elicited further information. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Veterinarians often sustain animal-related injuries, the most common of which are dog and cat bites, cat scratches and being hit or crushed by large animals. The most costly to treat include strains and back injuries. Most veterinarians treat themselves. There is no single reporting system for injuries or disease in veterinarians and reported cases may greatly underestimate the total. There is a need to assess accurately the occupational hazards in veterinary practice, to determine the actual occurrence of injuries and to develop strategies to prevent them.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Rabies, a public health problem].

In West-Europe, rabies is mostly reported in foxes, and in less extend in different domestic animals including dogs, cats, cattle, sheep, goats and horses. The contamination to humans occurs through contact with rabid animals by bite, scratch and even contact with the wound. This paper reports upon the current situation of rabies disease in Belgium and the prophylactic means routinely applied and those actually under experiment. In 1988, 514 animals were found positive, among which 366 foxes (71%), 95 cattle (18%), 46 sheep (9%), 14 cats (3%) and 15 dogs (3%). Due to this epizootic situation, 1391 human vaccinations (845 curative- and 546 preventive vaccinations) were given. Recently, few cases have been encountered at the north side of the Sambre-Meuse. This streamline has hitherto been considered to offer an adequate natural barrier against the rabies disease spreading. Further discussed is the prophylactic oral vaccination in foxes using two vaccines types: the live attenuated rabies vaccine and the rabies virus glycoprotein gene- vaccinia virus recombinant vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cat-bite peritonitis: Pasteurella multocida peritonitis following feline contamination of peritoneal dialysis tubing.

We report a case of a 55-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease undergoing intermittent peritoneal dialysis who developed peritonitis secondary to an infection with Pasteurella multocida resulting from a cat bite or cat scratch penetrating her peritoneal dialysis tubing. This case points out the potential importance of household pets as a source of peritoneal contamination.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Sporotrichosis with widespread cutaneous lesions: report of 24 cases related to transmission by domestic cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Sporotrichosis most commonly presents as a localized lymphocutaneous infection following traumatic inoculation of soil, vegetables or organic substrates contaminated with the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. Cases of widespread cutaneous lesions are rare. There have been isolated reports of household outbreaks of sporotrichosis involving cats and humans. METHODS: We report 24 cases of culture-proven sporotrichosis presenting with widespread cutaneous lesions. RESULTS: These 24 cases are part of an epidemic currently occurring in Rio de Janeiro. All patients reported contact with cats with sporotrichosis and 17 reported a history of a scratch or bite. Clinical manifestations included fixed lesions at multiple anatomical sites, and fixed lesions associated with the lymphocutaneous, bilateral lymphocutaneous and mucosal forms of the disease. Two patients were alcoholics and one patient was diabetic, while the remaining patients did not present any immunosuppressing condition. All patients responded to treatment with itraconazole. CONCLUSIONS: The domestic cat has played an important role in the transmission of sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro and seems to have contributed to this unusual clinical manifestation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Disease and injury among veterinarians.

OBJECTIVE: To identify occupational causes of disease and injury in veterinarians and their staff. DESIGN: A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to all of the 160 registered veterinary practices in Western Australia. RESULTS: Injuries accounted for most workers' compensation claims over a 12-month period with 31% of respondents losing a total of 360 work days with a mean of 13.3 days whereas non-occupational diseases such as influenza accounted for 408 work days lost. Over a 10-year period, 71% of respondents had been injured. The major physical injuries were dog and cat bites, cat scratches, scalpel blade cuts and back injuries from lifting heavy animals. Exposure to chemicals such as flea rinses, formalin, glutaraldehyde, x-ray developers and gaseous anaesthetics were reported to cause headache, nausea and allergies. Thirty percent of respondents did not have extractor fans for scavenging waste anaesthetic gases. The study showed high use of radiography (94%) for diagnostic purposes with 24% of respondents believing radiation exposure is a major occupational health and safety issue. Stress, drug abuse, suicide and burglary were also reported. Despite a high awareness of zoonotic diseases, there were very few reports of these. CONCLUSION: Injuries and other occupational hazards reported together with work days lost demonstrate a need for improving the working environment of veterinarians and their staff and the development of comprehensive health and safety programs.

Animal Technicians↗
PubMed1987

DF-2 bacteremia following cat bites. Report of two cases.

DF-2 is a recently described gram-negative bacillus known to be part of the normal flora of dogs. A variety of serious infections (bacteremia, endocarditis, meningitis, cellulitis) caused by DF-2 have occurred following dog bites. Asplenic patients appear to be especially susceptible to DF-2 infection. Two cases of DF-2 bacteremia occurring after domestic cat bites are reported. Sepsis and meningitis developed in an asplenic patient, and an immunocompetent patient presented with primary cellulitis. Both patients responded promptly to parenteral antibiotic therapy. DF-2 must now be considered along with Pasteurella multocida in the differential of cellulitis or sepsis following bites or scratches from domestic cats.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Infections associated with Bartonella species in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

Two members of the genus Bartonella, Bartonella quintana (formerly Rochalimaea quintana) and Bartonella henselae (formerly Rochalimaea henselae), have recently been recognized as agents of severe or fatal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The development of infection with B. henselae in HIV-infected individuals has been associated with traumatic contact with cats (scratches or bites), and domestic cats have been identified as a major reservoir for this organism. Specific information regarding the transmission of B. henselae to humans is not yet available, but common-sense precautions that minimize exposure to cat-associated organisms are appropriate. Preliminary accounts suggest that B. quintana infections are more common than B. henselae infections among HIV-infected individuals in San Francisco. The source of infection with B. quintana and the mechanism of its transmission remain unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Tularemia from a cat bite: case report and review of feline-associated tularemia.

We report the case of a 63-year-old man who developed ulceroglandular tularemia complicated by pneumonia following a cat bite. A review of the literature revealed 51 cases of cat-related tularemia reported since 1928. Details of 15 cases (including the present case) were available and analyzed. If, following feline contact, patients develop pneumonia or if patients with skin and soft-tissue infection fail to respond to therapy with penicillin, physicians should be alerted to the possibility of tularemia. A greater awareness of this complication following a cat bite or cat scratch is important for recognizing this uncommon infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Bartonellosis.

The role of Bartonella species as pathogens in dogs and cats is being defined. Diagnosis and treatment of Bartonella infections of dogs and cats remain challenging. As new information regarding Bartonella infections of companion animals becomes available, the understanding of the pathogenesis of these infections will improve. Most Bartonella species infecting dogs and cats are zoonotic, with B henselae the most important zoonotic species. B henselae bacteremia is common in domestic cats, and cats transmit B henselae to people. Transmission of Bartonella infections among cats and dogs is believed to occur primarily by way of arthropod vectors. Control of arthropod vectors and avoiding interactions with pets that result in scratches or bites are the most effective means to prevent transmission between animals and people.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Human bubonic plague transmitted by a domestic cat scratch.

Bubonic plague was transmitted to a 10-year-old girl in Oregon by a scratch wound inflicted by a domestic cat. The cat probably was infected by contact with infected wild rodents or their fleas. Yersinia pestis was identified in Diamanus montanus fleas collected from an abandoned burrow near the patient's home. Domestic cats may infect humans with Y pestis by inoculation from a scratch.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Three cases of Pasteurella multocida infection in the respiratory tract].

Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is well recognized as "normal flora" in the upper respiratory tract of cats, dogs and other animals. Recently, various infections due to P. multocida in human have been noted as pulmonary infections in the patients with chronic pulmonary diseases as well as skin abscesses or septicemia after an animal bite or scratch. We report here three cases of respiratory tract infections caused by P. multocida. The first two patients had acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis caused by P. multocida and the other patients with pulmonary emphysema developed pneumonia. These three patients improved by antibiotic therapy. In Japan, P. multocida respiratory tract infection is rare, but it may become more common in the future. Therefore, it seems to be important to take this pathogen into consideration in the management of chronic lung disease.

Adult↗