An automatic urine test for patients on home treatment with isoniazid and thiacetazone.
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A new bifunctional chelating agent, p-carboxyethylphenylglyoxal-di(N-methylthiosemicarbazone) (CE-DTS), containing a di(N-methylthiosemicarbazone) as the technetium coordinating site and an aralkyl carboxylate site for the protein conjugation was synthesized. Coupling to human serum albumin (HSA), selected as a model protein was carried out by the phosphorylazide method using diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA). The conjugation level of CE-DTS to HSA played a critical role in its biological evaluation. A 99mTc-CE-DTS-HSA with high in vivo stability was obtained when CE-DTS was coupled to HSA at 1:1 molar ratio. This compound showed similar in vivo stability to 131I labeled HSA in mice and rabbits.
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In a phase I study, 24 patients with refractory leukemia received Triapine, a novel ribonucleotide reductase (RR) inhibitor, as a continuous intravenous infusion over 96 h beginning on days 1 and 15 or days 1 and 8. On the days 1 and 15 regimen, the starting dose was 120 mg/m(2) per day, and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 160 mg/m(2) per day. Three of eight patients receiving 160 mg/m(2) per day in the first course, and one patient escalated to this dose in a second course, developed hepatic dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). For the days 1 and 8 regimen, the first 96 h infusion was administered at a fixed dose of 140 mg/m(2) per day. The dose of the second infusion beginning on day 8 was escalated from 120 to 160 mg/m(2) per day without observing DLT. No objective responses occurred. Over 70% of patients had a >50% reduction in white blood cell counts. The steady-state levels of Triapine were between 0.6 and 1 microM. As expected from the in vitro studies, at these plasma concentrations there was a decline in dATP and dGTP pools and a decrease in DNA synthetic capacity of the circulating leukemia cells. Based on these clinical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic data, Triapine warrants further study in patients with hematologic malignancies.
The cytotoxic properties of a bis(thiosemicarbazonato) cadmium complex are studied. Preincubation of Ehrlich cells with the complex prevents growth of the ascites tumor in mice. Although the complex inhibits tumor growth without undue initial toxocity, longer-term side effects limit the use of the compound. The complex inhibits incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA and the respiration of tumor cells. It is shown in the principal correlation that the complex is more inhibitory of the above biochemical processes than cadmium ion at equal cellular concentrations of the metal. In addition the cellular reactions of the cadmium, zinc, and copper bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complexes are compared. It is shown that subtle chemical differences in their chelate structures appear to be responsible for their marked differences in cellular reactivity.
The reaction of 2-acetylpyridine 4N-dimethylthiosemicarbazone (HL) with GaCl(3) in absolute ethanol in 1:1 molar ratio yielded the complex [GaL(2)][GaCl(4)]. The crystal structure of the gallium(III) complex has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. Infrared, electronic, ESI mass and (1)H, (13)C, (15)N and (71)Ga NMR spectra, as well as the thermal behaviour are reported. The cytotoxicity assay in several human cancer cell lines (SW480, SK-BR-3 and 41M) suggests that the gallium(III) complex might be endowed with promising antitumour properties. In vitro cytotoxic activity exceeds that of all other tested gallium(III) complexes and is slightly higher than that of HL.
The crystal structure of the potential antitumor complex bis(2-acetyppyridine 3-hexamethyleneiminylthiosemicarbazonato)palladium(II) has been solved. The palladium(II) atom is in a square planar environment surrounded by two cis nitrogen atoms and two cis sulfur atoms. The ligands are not equivalent, one being tridentate with (N,N,S) donation, the other being monodentate using only the sulfur atom to coordinate to the metal. The tridentate ligand shows a Z, E, Z configuration while the monodentate ligand shows an E, E, Z. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds stabilize the structure, while the crystal packing is determined by Pd-C, Pd-pi, C-H-pi and pi-pi interactions.
The preparation of N-, S- and O-donor ligand adducts with CuX+ (HX = 6-methyl-2-formylpyridinethiosemicarbazone (6HL); 2-formylpyridine-2'-methylthiosemicarbazone (2'L); 2-formylpyridine-4'-methylthiosemicarbazone (4'HL) is described. The N-donors, 2,2'-bipyridyl (bipy), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (dmap) give the complexes [Cu(6L)(bipy)]PF6, [Cu(6L)(bipy)]Cl.5H2O, [Cu(4'L)(bipy)]PF6, [Cu(6L)(dmap)2]PF6.2.5 H2O and [Cu(4'L)(dmap)2]PF6.H2O which have been characterized by physical and spectroscopic techniques. Pentafluorothiophenolate (pftp) gives S-donor complexes [CuX(pftp)] (X = 6L and 4'L) and thiolato co-ordination is proposed on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Paratritylphenolate (ptp) and HPO4(2-) give O-donor complexes [Cu(6L)(ptp)], [Cu(4'L)(ptp)], [¿Cu(6L)¿2HPO4].4H2O, and [¿Cu(4'L)¿2HPO4].5H2O which have been characterized by physical and spectroscopic techniques, as have the precursor complexes [Cu(6L)(CH3COO)].H2O, [Cu(4'L)(CH3COO)], Cu(6HL)(CF3COO)](CF3COO).0.5H2O, [Cu(4'HL)(CF3COO)](CF3COO), [Cu(2'L)Cl2) and [Cu(2'L)(NO3)2]. Protonation constants for the ligands and some of their complexes have been determined. 2-Formylpyridinethiosemicarbazone (HL) complexes of silver, gold, zinc, mercury, cadmium and lead are also discussed. Cytotoxicity against the human tumor cell line HCT-8 and antiviral data for selected compounds are presented.