Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PROGNOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,729 records · Page 96Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Tumor doubling time and prognosis in lung cancer patients: evaluation from chest films and clinical follow-up study. Japanese Lung Cancer Screening Research Group.

A study was made of the relation between tumor doubling time and prognosis in lung cancer patients. Tumor doubling time was calculated in 237 patients from two serial chest x-ray films. The mean doubling time was 166.3 days, with 221.6 days for adenocarcinoma, 115.2 days for squamous cell carcinoma, 67.5 days for large cell carcinoma, 86.3 days for small cell carcinoma and 225.2 days for others. The patients were divided into three groups in a log-normal distribution of tumor doubling times 109.6 and 252.4 days. The patients with a doubling time of less than 109.6 days were classified as 'rapid growing', those with a doubling time of more than 252.4 days as 'slow growing' and those with a doubling time in between as 'intermediate growing'. The five-year survival rates were 23.3% for 81 'rapid growing' patients, 36.7% for 81 'intermediate growing' patients and 43.3% for 75 'slow growing' patients, with statistically significant differences between groups 'rapid growing' and 'intermediate growing' of P < 0.05 and between groups 'rapid growing' and 'slow growing' of P < 0.01. The five-year survival curves for those who underwent curable resections were 42.4% for 36 rapid growing patients, 53.7% for 31 'intermediate growing' patients and 70.1% for 43 'slow growing' patients. The difference between rapidly growing and slowly growing tumors was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Patients with the more rapidly growing tumors showed a tendency to have a poorer prognosis. It was confirmed that the doubling time of a tumor is an independent factor in the prognosis of lung cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Prognosis in treatment of addiction in alcoholics].

It is assumed by the author that the pre-addiction personality as well as probable events which could directly precede excessive drinking (understood even as a main cause) are, in the practice of a therapist, less important than the fact that a person who abuses alcohol will sooner or later complicate his or her life and arising difficulties will motivate per se his or her further drinking. Thus, reaching for alcohol activates a progressive rhythm which, with passing time, becomes autonomic against an individual genesis of addiction, and a difficult situation which an addict does not want or is not able to solve or does not understand at all that it results from an excessive drinking, becomes a crucial point. Therefore, the prognosis in treatment of alcoholics depends mainly on the patient's awareness of casual interrelationship between his difficult situation and excessive drinking. Following the studies of a large group of examined and treated alcohol addicts, "rather positive" prognosis applied to only 10% out of 718 persons while 40% remained with definitely "negative" prognosis.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1994

[Mortality and prognosis of premature infants of very low birth weight (500-1,500 g) in relation to degree of maturity].

In a retrospective study we analysed the influence of intrauterine growth retardation on mortality and early prognosis of 136 liveborn singletons of very low birthweight (VLBW) born between 1986 to 1992 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University Hospital of Cologne. The main causes of premature delivery in the appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA)-group were premature rupture of membranes with an incidence of 73% and in the small-for-gestational-age (SGA)-group the pregnancy induced hypertension with an incidence of 44%. With a similar mean birth weight (1,009 g vs. 1,115 g) the SGA-prematures showed a three weeks higher mean gestational age (31.3 vs. 28.3 weeks). The mortality was 10% higher in the AGA-group than in the SGA-group (30% vs 20%); as regards the whole study group the mortality showed an inverse correlation to birthweight. In the age between 11 months and 6 years severe handicaps and developmental retardations were found more often within the previous AGA-prematures with an incidence of 23% (6/26) than within the previous SGA-prematures with an incidence of 11% (4/36); the incidence and severeness of later handicap were not dependent on birthweight. Accordingly to our results mortality and early prognosis of VLBW-prematures seem to be dependent on gestational age; whereas the mortality showed an inverse correlation to birthweight, the early prognosis did not.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Prognosis and life expectancy in primary biliary cirrhosis].

The aim of the present study was to investigate prognosis and life expectancy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. We retrospectively analysed 59 patients from western Austria over 15 years (mean 6 years). The results of the present study were compared with the average life expectancy of the population of western Austria and with the results of the Mayo study published in 1989. The mean survival time in our study was 112.7 months, 25% were dead by 132 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a 95% probability to survive 1 year and a 84% probability to be alive at 5 years. Asymptomatic patients had a significantly better prognosis than symptomatic patients. In comparison with the Mayo study the patients in our study had a better prognosis and in comparison with the normal population a significantly worse life expectancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Analysis of therapeutic prognosis of primary open-angle glaucoma by the proportional hazards model and the life-table method].

We retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic prognosis of primary open-angle glaucoma by the life-table method and the proportional hazards model. One hundred and eight patients (202 eyes) were studied. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 125 months (40 +/- 25 months: mean +/- SD). The Kaplan-Meier life-table method indicated that therapeutic prognosis was significantly related to pretreatment intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual field defect, and that more intensive treatment was needed for higher IOP and more deteriorated visual field defect. Analysis by the proportional hazards model showed that pretreatment IOP and mean deviation (MD) measured by static perimetry were significant prognostic factors for non-surgical treatment and that the hazard ratios were 1.29-1.31 for a 5 mmHg rise in IOP and 1.44-1.83 for a 10 dB fall in MD. We concluded that the therapeutic prognosis of primary open-angle glaucoma is highly related to the level of IOP and the severity of visual field defect at the time of diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Prognosis of cancer of the duodenal papilla of Vater in relation to clinicopathological tumor extension.

Between 1981 and 1991, cancer of the duodenal papilla of Vater was surgically treated in 26 out of 28 cases (92%). Twenty-five patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy and one had a total pancreatectomy. There were no surgical or hospital deaths in these 26 patients. Their five-year cumulative survival rate was 52%. In the 26 patients, we submitted the surgically removed tissue specimens to histopathological examination and performed immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies against various gastrointestinal cancer antigens. We analyzed the results in relation to the prognosis. The histological stage of the cancer was found to correlate with the prognosis. Patients having cancer invading the pancreatic parenchyma had a particularly poor prognosis. Some exhibited perineural invasion. Patients with cancer invasion into the pancreatic parenchyma frequently showed a grade II positive response to immunohistochemical staining, with a staining pattern similar to that of pancreatic duct cell carcinoma. In patients in whom cancer invasion did not extend beyond the sphincter of Oddi, the five-year survival rate was 100%. Therefore, cancer of the papilla of Vater which has not invaded beyond the the sphincter of Oddi, may be regarded as early cancer of the papilla of Vater. These results indicate that surgical procedures for cancer of the papilla of Vater should be selected on the basis of an accurate preoperative evaluation of cancer invasion by various imaging techniques (chiefly endoscopic ultrasonography), and that the treatment of advanced cancer of the papilla of Vater requires not only extensive surgical resection but also a more effective multi-disciplinary treatment plan.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The value of quantitative DNA analysis in evaluating the prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer].

In this study we analyzed DNA ploidy as a potential prognostic parameter in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. In the case of papillary cancer the depth of tumor infiltration, a micro- or macroinvasive tumor growth, an invasion of vessels and the ploidy had an influence on prognosis. In the case of follicular cancer depth of tumor infiltration, the presence of distant metastasis, grading, uni- or multifocal tumor growth and the ploidie had an influence on prognosis. In the case of papillary cancer the multivariate analysis for the ploidy shows a strong and independent influence on the prognosis. Even when comparing with tumor stage, EORTC score and AGES score the ploidy allows an additional prognostic differentiation. In follicular carcinomas a multivariate analysis was not possible due to the strong associations of the prognostic parameters.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA ploidy in undifferentiated carcinomas of the human stomach-with special reference to its heterogeneity and the relation between its intratumor distribution pattern and prognosis.

The intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern in 74 undifferentiated carcinomas of the human stomach was analysed by flow cytometric measurements of DNA for stepsectioned specimens taken from throughout the entire tumor. 52 cases showed intratumor DNA ploidy heterogeneity (70.3%), and a conspicuous difference between intramural and transmural carcinomas was seen with regard to the intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern as well as prognosis. In the case of transmural carcinomas, the following findings were noted: prognosis was significantly worse, predominant aneuploidy was seen more frequently, the frequency of intratumor DNA ploidy heterogeneity as well as DNA content was significantly increased, and predominant diploidy exhibited a worse prognosis. These were all in contrast to the findings for intramural carcinomas.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Relationship between limitation of daily life and prognosis in patients with sequelae of tuberculosis treated with long-term oxygen therapy].

The sequelae of tuberculosis (TBC) sometimes causes severe restrictive lung disorders. In Japan, lung tuberculosis was pandemic up to the 1950s, with TBC being a major underlying disease of chronic respiratory failure and cor pulmonale. Until the end of 1991, we encountered 95 cases of Home Oxygen Therapy (HOT) in Ogaki area, 30 of which were patients with TBC. To clarify factors affecting the prognosis of these patients, we examined background factors, directing special attention to daily activities. In this study, 10 inactive patients (Group A) whose daily activity was limited to indoors and 10 control patients (Group B) whose age, vital capacity and arterial PO2 were equal to inactive patients, from the 30 TBC cases were used. A comparison was made of the prognoses. Among the patients, activity was closely related to dyspnea grade and arterial PCO2. Group A patients showed more marked dyspnea and lower arterial PCO2 than those of group B patients. Percentage home stay and cumulative survival rates of Group A patients (percentage home stay, 59.2 +/- 38.7% and 3 year survival, 26.3%) were significantly less than those of Group B patients (91.0 +/- 16.4% and 87.5%, p < 0.05, respectively). Among chronic pulmonary emphysema patients treated with HOT, no significant relation between activity and prognosis could be found, when factors of age, arterial PO2 and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec were excluded. There would thus appear to be a close relation between activity and prognosis in TBC patients specific for underlying disease.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

The current status of determining periodontal prognosis.

Determining the prognosis for patients and individual sites with inflammatory periodontal diseases is difficult using present methods. Traditional approaches for predicting when disease activity will occur have proved inadequate in some cases. New diagnostic tests and updated methods of traditional tests will eventually allow clinicians to improve their skills in determining prognosis; however, most of these tests are not yet proved or economically feasible. At present, if a patient is currently healthy and has no past history of attachment loss, their prognosis is favorable. The probability of periodontal breakdown occurring in these patients before the next regularly scheduled maintenance visit is slim. A history of attachment loss is the best predictor of future loss, but determining when more loss will occur is problematic. Clinical signs of inflammation, especially bleeding on probing and the presence of suppuration, also appear to predict breakdown, but to a lesser degree than previous attachment loss. It appears that the future holds much promise for improving our ability to make accurate prognoses, especially in cases of aggressive periodontal problems, but until these advances are well tested, traditional methods continue to be the standard.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognosis for penetrating keratoplasty in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome is characterized by the proliferation and spreading of an abnormal corneal endothelial membrane across the iridocorneal angle and iris surface, resulting in iridocorneal adhesions, glaucoma, pupillary distortion, varying degrees of iris atrophy, and occasionally corneal decomposition with edema. These changes may possibly affect the long-term prognosis of penetrating keratoplasty in an adverse fashion. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical course of 12 consecutive eyes (12 patients) which underwent penetrating keratoplasty for corneal edema associated with the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (mean postoperative follow up = 30 months). RESULTS: The grafts remained clear in 10 patients (83%) and the visual acuity was 20/40 or better in nine patients (75%). The endothelial cell losses averaged 13% at 6 months and 17% at 1 year after surgery. Simultaneous extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation at the time of keratoplasty posed no measurable compromise to the overall postoperative prognosis. Causes of poor visual acuity after surgery included glaucoma and graft failure (immune and nonimmune). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of penetrating keratoplasty in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome appears to be very favorable in the majority of eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Scar prognosis.

Scar prognosis is a matter of great natural interest to patients. It is important to realize that the nature of the injury is the most important consideration in the final result. The orientation of the wound in relation to the normal lines of skin tension, its location and pattern, and peculiarities of the individual are all determining factors in the final appearance. Good surgical technique is quite well understood, if not always practiced. The final assessment must always await full maturation of the scar. When discussing either the prognosis or the evaluation of a scar, it must be remembered that the view of the patient is influenced by many subjective factors and will not always coincide with the objective evidence. A knowledge of the factors in scar prognosis is invaluable in establishing and maintaining the rapport and confidence of patients.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1995

[Prognosis of patients with triple vessel disease and old myocardial infarction: relationship to the number of total coronary occlusions].

Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and triple vessel coronary disease generally have poor prognoses. However, it is not known whether there are particular angiographic variables associated with the poor prognosis in MI patients with triple vessel disease. The angiographic variables for poor prognosis were investigated in 43 MI patients with triple vessel disease (32 men and 11 women, mean age 63 +/- 9 years) who were followed medically for a mean of 32 +/- 28 months. There were 13 cardiac deaths (30%) and 10 late-coronary artery bypass grafting (23%). Twenty patients were alive and well. The patients who died of cardiac causes had lower ejection fractions (42 +/- 18% vs 49 +/- 15%, p < 0.05), a higher prevalence of two vessel occlusion (77% vs 40%, p < 0.05), and a higher prevalence of coronary occlusion opposite the MI site (69% vs 25%, p < 0.01) when compared to survivors, although there were no significant differences in age, MI sites, or the prevalence of occlusion in the infarct-related artery. Multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazards model revealed that coronary occlusion opposite the MI site (hazards ratio 16.36) and an age of > or = 65 years (4.46) indicated a significantly high ratio. The hazard ratio of the ejection fraction and two vessel coronary occlusion were not significant. The poor prognosis of MI patients with triple vessel coronary disease may be related to impaired left ventricular function and to coronary occlusion opposite the MI site and greater age. This may have important clinical implications in the initial decision for interventional therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Etiology and prognosis of liver cirrhosis in elderly patients.

We compared the etiology and prognosis of liver cirrhosis in patients age 60 and older with that of patients under age 60 during the 1980s (1981-89, n = 207). Non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) was significantly more prevalent in the elderly (p < 0.05), and the mean age of NANB and alcoholic cirrhosis (Alc) were significantly older than those with hepatitis B virus (HBV) (p < 0.05). Evaluation using hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody also revealed significantly higher mean age of HCV (p < 0.05). Male patient was predominant in the younger patients than in the elderly patients. (M/F = 2.94 and 1.33, respectively) The estimated 5-year survival rate was 73.1% in the younger patients and 60.2% in the elderly patients (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that male sex, a lower serum albumin level, and the presence of the encephalopathy were significantly associated with poor prognosis in the elderly, while a lower serum cholinesterase level and a higher indocyanin green retention rate at 15 minutes (ICGR15) were significantly associated with poor prognosis in younger patients. However, causes of deaths were not significantly different between the younger patients and the elderly patients, the proportion of deaths unrelated to liver disease predominated in the elderly patients. Thus, the etiology and the prognostic factors of liver cirrhosis in elderly patients differ from those in younger patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

[Value of image cytometry to oncologic diagnosis and prognosis].

For almost 100 years, malignant diseases diagnoses have been made by subjective evaluation of morphologic criteria in stained cellular preparations or tissue sections. This diagnosis remains the basis and the first step of any oncological work. Cell quantification by image analysis has only gained scientific but not yet routine application. However it is useful in screening, diagnosis and prognosis of malignant tumors. SCREENING: DNA quantification allows the distinction between non specific abnormalities and atypias considered as pre-cancerous lesions in cervical neoplasia. DIAGNOSIS: althought not often used, image cytometry may be useful for the diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions as we demonstrated it in mammary tumors, studied after Feulgen staining of imprints. PROGNOSIS: grading of malignancy can be done using image cytometry. Numerous parameters have been found useful for the prognosis evaluation of various tumors. For breast tumors, these are: nuclear or nucleolar area, DNA content, proliferating rate, hormone receptors positive cell percentage.... Quantification of oncogene amplification or chromosomal aberrations are under evaluation. Thus, computerised microscopy is now a necessary tool for the pathologist.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1995

[Prognosis in iatrogenic gas embolism].

Prognosis of iatrogenic air embolism is various according to previous studies. The purpose of this study was to determine the risks factors associated with the prognosis of iatrogenic air embolism. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 113 patients treated with HBO therapy in our hyperbaric center from 1979 to 1993. Initial symptomatology consisted in neurological disorders (71% of cases), respiratory disorders (43% of cases) and hemodynamic disorders (33% of cases). When neurological disorders were observed, HBO therapy included immediate compression to 6 atm abs for 10 to 15 mn with air followed by decompression to 2 atm abs where the patients received 100% oxygen during 1 hour. When no neurological disorders was observed, HBO therapy consisted in an oxygenation for 1 h, 2 atm abs, FiO2 = 1. Overall outcome was: recovery: 69 per cent of cases, sequelae: 26 per cent of cases, death: 5 per cent of cases. Prognosis was very different according to etiologies and existence of neurological disorders. Venous emboli had a better improvement than arterial emboli. In conclusion, patterns of air embolism can be divided clinically into two major categories, cerebral and pulmonary air embolism, which should be individualised in clinical studies. The studies must also individualised etiologies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma].

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most frequent carcinomas of the human gastrointestinal tract. despite considerable progress in diagnosis, its prognosis has remained unchanged during the last years. Up to now, there is no possibility to screen patients for pancreatic carcinomas, and the symptoms of the disease are uncharacteristic and often misleading. Surgical treatment, with resection of the tumor is the only chance for cure, but for experienced pancreatic surgeons, an advanced tumor stage at the time of operation is a common finding. Large studies reveal the poor prognosis of the disease. Only 20-30% of all patients suffering from pancreatic cancer can be operated with curative intention. In 80-85% of all cases, the tumor has spread into peripancreatic lymph nodes. Thus, mean 5-years survival rates of 3 to 5% are commonly reported, and the median survival time after establishment of diagnosis is 4-6 months. Improvements in surgical technique and postoperative patient's care have led to an impressive decrease in the formerly considerable morbidity and mortality after pancreatic resection. If the tumor can be resected at an early stage and the regional lymph nodes are not involved, median 5-years survival rates of 20-40% are commonly reported. Further approaches include more radical surgical procedures with dissection of the entire peripancreatic region and resection of the upper abdominal blood vessels. Whether this new technique or a combination of operation, radiation and chemotherapy will improve the prognosis of the disease remains unclear. Large clinical trials are necessary to prove these assumptions.

Epidermal Growth Factor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The course and prognosis of septic shock in patients with hemoblastoses and aplastic anemia in a state of agranulocytosis].

The course and prognosis of septic shock developing during agranulocytosis were retrospectively studied in 59 hematological patients (52 ones with hemoblastosis and 7 with aplastic anemia). Out of 59 patients with septic shock hospitalized at department for anesthesiology and reanimation, in 5 shock was arrested and they were transferred to other departments of the hospital. All patients with failure of more than three organ systems, with SAPS score of 21 at admission, and a history of splenectomy died in the anesthesiology and reanimation department. The diagnosis of the underlying disease, resistance to chemotherapy administered, disease stage, persistent agranulocytosis, and artificial ventilation of the lungs which had to be resorted to did not influence the prognosis of septic shock. Even after effective antishock therapy all patients with aplastic anemia died, as did the patients with resistance to chemotherapy administered for the underlying disease and those without signs of granulocytopoiesis recovery. Hence, the prognosis is unfavorable for patients with septic shock in a state of agranulocytosis, if their SAPS score on admission is higher than 21, if they develop polyorgan failure with involvement of more than three organ systems, have a history of splenectomy, their hemoblastosis is resistant to chemotherapy, and there are no prospects for granulocytopoiesis recovery.

Acute Disease↗