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At least 1,729 records · Page 96Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Heredo-ataxia and cochleo-vestibular disorders.

Cochleo-vestibular dysfunction of patients suffering from a heredo-ataxia, have been frequently described. A family and a single case are presented, which show the association of a heredo-ataxia, more specifically the Roussy-Lévy syndrome, progressive sensorineural loss, nystagmus and vestibular a- or hyporeflexia. A review of the literature is included and the standpoints concerning the nosological entities are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Posturography and vestibular compensation.

In unilateral vestibular hypofunction, compensation has to be achieved at the several levels of the balance function. The development of compensation at each level has not necessarily a parallel course. Accordingly, a thorough evaluation of the functional state of the patient, requires a separate assessment for each level. In clinical practice, compensation is evaluated by the testing of provoked vertigo (with eventual positional nystagmus) and by the rotation test results. To these data a measurement of the vestibulospinal level has to be added. Posturography provides this assessment and in this way the global functional state is completed. In many cases the complaints can be objectified and the elaboration of adequate rehabilitation exercises can be founded upon these posturographic data. The detailed analysis of the posturograpohic curves furnishes a diversification of the dysfunctional patterns at this balance level, with also emphasis upon the sensory interaction.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1982

Medical fitness examination of commercial pilots: new criteria for evaluation of vestibular tests.

In medical fitness examinations of commercial pilots, extensive vestibular investigations should be conducted. In particular, the pendular test, as a weak rotational stimulation method, can disclose central vestibular disorders. Thus, the central nystagmus tracing can be considered as a sign of irritation of vestibular centers, most frequently as a consequence of head trauma, a finding that may influence the decision in the enlistment of the pilot. In contrast, a small nystagmus amplitude tracing is observed in cases of insufficient blood supply, occurring mostly in elderly persons. Therefore, this finding helps to demonstrate and treat arteriosclerotic dizziness in elderly pilots. Cervical-nystagmus--elicited by neck-torsion while keeping the labyrinth fixed at rest--is an objective demonstration of a cervical-spine-syndrome. Aimed therapy, namely chiropractic manipulation, may help the pilot become fit to fly again. Further processing of the data from the vestibular investigations by means of a computer and plotting can provide the so-called cumulative eye position. This enables one to evaluate the compensation capacity which is a measure of the intensity of the vestibular response, important in the assessment of normal function of the vestibular system.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ischemia of the anterior vestibular artery (Lindsay-Hemenway syndrome). Review and comments].

INTRODUCTION: The Lindsay and Hemenway syndrome is produced by ischemia in the territory of the anterior vestibular artery and is characterized by an initial episode of acute vertigo followed by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and decreased or abolished caloric response. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of anterior vestibular artery syndrome in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. DESIGN: A 3-year retrospective study (January 1994 to December 1996). SETTING: Patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the Zamora and Salamanca (Spain) health districts seen in two outpatients clinics. STUDY SUBJECTS: Ninety-eight patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. RESULTS: Sixteen patients diagnosed as anterior vestibular artery syndrome were revised (16.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Although the literature is scarce, the incidence of Lindsay-Hemenway syndrome seems to be underestimated.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Breakdown of stria vascularis blood-labyrinth barrier in C3H/lpr autoimmune disease mice.

Sensorineural hearing loss related to autoimmune disease is a well-recognized condition, although the exact pathophysiologic mechanisms remain unclear. One current theory postulates immune complex-induced interference with blood-labyrinth barrier integrity in the stria vascularis. The C3H/lpr autoimmune mouse was chosen to study the permeability of capillaries in the stria vascularis because this mouse model has demonstrated abnormalities of the stria vascularis and shifts in the auditory brain stem response threshold during active disease. C3H/lpr mice with active disease were compared with younger mice without disease, as well as age-matched C3H/HeJ control mice. The mice were injected with the tracer ferritin and examined by transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the integrity of the capillary tight junctions in the stria vascularis. Four of five mice with active disease were noted to have extensive leakage of ferritin into the perivascular tissues. Neither the young, disease-free autoimmune mice nor the nonautoimmune control mice demonstrated vessel leakage. Thickening of the basement membrane was also noted in the diseased animals. The results imply that active disease leads to a breakdown in the blood-endolymph barrier, which could underlie the hearing loss accompanying autoimmune and other immune diseases.

Age Factors↗