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At least 1,729 records · Page 96Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Studies on development of evaluation method for wood-based floors. Part 1. Evaluating the attenuational capacity of human locomotor system due to the acceleration at several parts of the human body].

Experiments were conducted to compare the impact on several parts of the body caused by the striking of the heel during human gait. In these experiments, five kinds of wood flooring that have differing levels of light weight-impact sound insulating efficiency were used. The obtained results were as follows: 1) The generated acceleration of calcaneus varied with the difference of flooring. According to the regression analysis, the open polygonal relationship between bound back coefficient of floor and acceleration of calcaneus was determined. 2) The impact force given to the calcaneus propagated from the heel to the forehead after most of the force being absorbed at the ankle and the knee. We found direct correlation between the subjective feeling of floor pliabilty and the force to the leg. Therefore, it was suggested that the measurement of the force to the ankle and the knee was important in evaluating the efficiency of floors.

Acceleration↗
PubMed2001

The combination formulation of clindamycin 1% plus benzoyl peroxide 5% versus 3 different formulations of topical clindamycin alone in the reduction of Propionibacterium acnes. An in vivo comparative study.

BACKGROUND: Isolates of Propionibacterium acnes resistant to one or more anti-acne antibiotics (most commonly erythromycin) are being increasingly reported, and the emergence of resistant strains can be associated with therapeutic failure of topical treatment. OBJECTIVE: Comparison of the in vivo effectiveness of the combination of clindamycin 1% plus benzoyl peroxide 5% in a gel formulation to that of each of 3 clindamycin 1% preparations (gel, lotion, and solution) with respect to reduction in counts of P. acnes cultured from the foreheads of healthy volunteers. METHODS: The effects of treatment with the 4 study drugs were compared in an open-label study. Cultures were collected before, after 1 week and after 2 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Treatment with the combination formulation resulted in a 99.8% (> 2 logs) reduction in total propionibacterial numbers after 1 week of therapy compared with 30 to 62% (< 1 log) decreases for the different formulations of topical clindamycin alone. By the end of week 2, the combination had decreased P. acnes counts by more than 99.9% (> 3 logs) relative to reductions of from 88 to 95% (< or > 1 log) for the single agent formulations. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of the present study, the combination of clindamycin 1% plus benzoyl peroxide 5% gel produced more rapid and highly significant reductions in P. acnes compared with formulations containing clindamycin alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Atypical fibroxanthoma with osteoclast-like giant cells.

Atypical fibroxanthoma has a wide spectrum of histological appearances. A variant recently described is atypical fibroxanthoma with osteoclast-like giant cells. One case of this rare tumour is described. The tumour arose on the forehead of an 87-year-old woman in the form of a subepidermal nodule. The lesion was incompletely excised and recurred 6 months later without showing any characteristics of aggression. Six months after the second operation the patient was well and showed no signs of tumour recurrence. Immunohistological findings showed a "fibrohistiocytic" profile and were similar to those observed in other lesions rich in osteoclast-like giant cells. Flow cytometry revealed the diploid nature of the primary and the recurrent tumour. Atypical fibroxanthoma with osteoclast-like giant cells is a new variant of atypical fibroxanthoma that must be recognized by pathologists, since it can be confused with other benign and malignant tumours with a high proportion of multinucleate osteoclast-like giant cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Tactile sensitivity to two types of stimulation: continuous and discrete shifting of a point stimulus.

Tactile sensitivity to shifts of a point stimulus was determined at the forehead for spatially filled (continuous) and spatially separated (discrete) stimulation. The minimal limen was between 12 and 30 mm/sec. for continuous stimulation and at a 200-msec. interstimulus interval for discrete stimulation. The continuous thresholds were always lower than the discrete thresholds at the examined time rates. Furthermore, the continuous thresholds were slightly higher for oblique directions than for both vertical and horizontal directions, while the discrete thresholds were quite low for both vertical and horizontal directions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Bilaterally recorded auditory brainstem responses to monaural stimulation. Latency and amplitude differences in normal subjects.

Ipsilaterally and contralaterally (forehead-mastoid) recorded ABRs to monaurally administered clicks at 90 dB nHL were compared in 16 young normal-hearing female subjects (32 ears). The comparisons were made with regard to latencies and amplitudes of waves I, III and V, and the results concern group statistics. Wave I was recordable in the contralateral derivation in less than 50% of the cases. The amplitudes of waves I and III were significantly smaller, and the latency of wave III significantly shorter (by an average of 0.15 ms) in the contralaterally recorded ABR. There was a tendency for wave V to diminish and to lag in the contralateral recording; however, there were no statistically significant differences in wave V amplitude and latency between the two sides. Nor was there found to be any significant variability differences concerning wave III and wave V latencies between the two derivations. The dominance of the wave V peak-to-peak amplitude was established in both recordings. Two concluding computations showed that there were no differences between right and left ear stimulation, and no differences between recordings performed with the ground electrode applied to the nasion or to the sternum.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Temperature and the two-point threshold.

Studies dating back to 1834 have shown that the temperature of objects contacting the skin can substantially intensify their apparent pressure on the skin. Later research demonstrated qualitatively that object temperature can also sharpen the spatial acuity of the skin as revealed by gap perception (two-point and two-edge thresholds). Pressure intensification and sharpening probably relate intimately. The present experiments sought to provide several more accurate and parametric extensions of thermal sharpening: (1) sharpening can improve tactile spatial acuity by as much as 60%, but the degree of sharpening is graded as a function of deviation of stimulator temperature from normal (neutral) skin temperature; (2) thermal sharpening seems to characterize the body surface since it takes place freely in forearm, forehead, and palm; local differences do, however, become apparent; (3) large thermal sharpening can even occur when one tip of the stimulator is warm, the other cold; and (4) thermal sharpening is easily captured by experiment and is basically the same in magnitude whether assessed by modern forced-choice procedure (controlled criterion) or by the more traditional procedures (uncontrolled criterion) used for more than a century before the advent of signal detection theory. Various arguments are put forth here and elsewhere to suggest that both thermal intensification of pressure sensation and thermal sharpening of gap perception result from direct thermal stimulation of mechanoreceptors and/or polymodal nociceptor networks; neither phenomenon yeilds readily to a "cognitive" interpretation.

Attention↗
PubMed2000

Addition of an anesthetic agent to enhance the predictability of the effects of botulinum toxin type A injections: a randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the paralyzing effect of botulinum toxin type A reconstituted in a solution of lidocaine with epinephrine is as effective as that of the same toxin reconstituted in saline and to determine whether the addition of lidocaine with epinephrine enhances the predictability of outcomes of botulinum toxin injections. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This double-blind, within-subject, randomized controlled study was conducted in 10 volunteer subjects. Lidocaine was added to botulinum toxin type A to achieve an immediate paralyzing effect on the injected muscle, and epinephrine was added to minimize diffusion of the injected toxin to adjacent muscles. This combination of agents was injected to temporarily paralyze the frontalis, corrugator supercilii, and procerus muscles on 1 side of the forehead of the 10 volunteers. The contralateral side was injected with the same dosage of the toxin, reconstituted in an equal volume of saline, to serve as control. Photographic and video documentation of the drugs' effects was obtained before injection and at 5 to 10 minutes, 1 week, and 3 months after the injections. RESULTS: Immediate paralysis ensued on the experimental side (botulinum toxin type A + lidocaine + epinephrine) in all 10 volunteers. As assessed by 3 blinded evaluators, the extent of immediate paralysis resulting from the anesthetic agent was predictive of the extent of delayed paralysis resulting from the botulinum toxin. The botulinum toxin-induced paralysis wore off symmetrically in all subjects. CONCLUSION: The injection of botulinum toxin reconstituted in lidocaine with epinephrine provided the physician immediate feedback on the extent of paralysis to be expected from the chemodenervating action of the botulinum toxin. This may enhance the safety and predictability of botulinum toxin injections in many applications.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1982

Non-invasive method of measuring bilirubin levels in newborn infants.

We present the results of an initial trial of a transcutaneous bilirubinometer under Australian conditions. The method is non-invasive and we obtained an acceptable degree of precision. The meter readings were influences by the site where reading was taken, and by phototherapy. Shading the recording site from phototherapy lights did not improve precision. We constructed regression lines for translation of meter recordings from forehead and abdomen to serum bilirubin levels.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Paralysis of occipitofrontalis in a borderline case of leprosy.

A patient with neuritic leprosy developed borderline skin lesions. Later, another skin lesion developed on the left side of the forehead with clinical involvement of the supraorbital branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Simultaneously, paralysis of the occipitofrontalis and mild paresis of orbicularis oculi occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Pott's puffy tumor].

A 26-year-old man developed a fluctuating swelling of the forehead after twice being treated with antibiotics because of persistent sinusitis complaints. This swelling, a subperiostal abcess diagnosed as 'Pott's puffy tumor', is a complication of a frontal sinusitis, and may lead to serious neurological sequelae. The patient recovered after surgical drainage, ethmoidectomy and intravenous antibiotic treatment; no ablation of affected bone was necessary.

Abscess↗
PubMed1999

[Pyoderma gangrenosum with an atypical location and a rapid response to cyclosporin A].

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an unusual neutrophilic dermatosis associated to different rheumatologic, haematologic and inflammatory bowel diseases which generally responds to the therapy of the underlying disease. We report a case of pyoderma in a 44-years-old woman with paucisymptomatic, distal, ulcerative colitis which appeared simultaneously in her forehead and hands. We think it of general interest because of its localization, its importance, the failure of response to steroids and the need of cyclosporine A for regression.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

[Site specific difference of PCB concentration in the skin derived sebum and collection of excreted sebum with commercial sebum-remover sheet].

The PCB concentrations in the sebum of Yusho patients showed a site specific difference. It was higher in the sebum derived from the chest (1128.0 +/- 374.1 ng/g), the upper arm (1460.0 +/- 350.7 ng/g) and the femur (1456.0 +/- 488.5 ng/g) than from the forehead (758.0 +/- 233.7 ng/g) and the upper back skin (638.0 +/- 165.3 ng/g). To remove PCB in the sebum, a sebum-remover sheet was applied on the femur of two patients. During the four times of application, the mean amounts of removed sebun was 10.5 mg and 28.3 mg respectively. These results are unsatisfactory for practical treatment of Yusho patient. However, this approach seems to be safe and convenient and modification to collect large scale of sebum from the skin is required.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Ductal sebaceoma (sebomatricoma).

We present a case of an unusual tumour arising in the forehead of a 52-year-old female. The tumour, diagnosed as sebaceoma (or sebomatricoma), showed predominantly differentiation towards ductal protion of the sebaceous gland. It was marked in tissue sections as areas of "poroid" cells and the tumour required differentiation from poroma. Focal areas of necrosis en masse in the present tumour contributed further difficulties in to the differential diagnosis. As single multivacuolar sebocytes were found and no cuticular cells could be identified, the tumour was diagnosed as ductal sebaceoma (sebomatricoma). The aspects of morphological distinction between sebomatricomas and poromas are presented with its clinical implications.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2000

[Effective dose and dose to the crystalline lens during angiographic procedures].

Interventional radiology presents the highest dose levels for the staff and for the patient. For a total of 34 angiographic examinations the doses at the forehead and at the neck of a radiologist have been measured. The effective dose and the dose to the eye lens have been estimated over a period of one year. Doses to the lens of the eye close to the limit of 150 mSv proposed by the ICRP have been observed. There is an imminent need for the radiologist to wear also lead glasses to avoid formation of cataracts at long term.

Angiography↗
PubMed1997

An algorithm for management of residual posttraumatic calvarial defects in adults.

For the discussion of options in late reconstruction of residual posttraumatic calvarial defects in adults, the calvaria is divided into three reconstructive zones. Zone 1 comprises the frontal sinus region and the contour of the supraorbital brow; Zone 2 comprises the smooth, cosmetically visible prehairline forehead; Zone 3 comprises the posthairline area and the calvaria. The particular reconstructive requirements (autogenous bone versus alloplastic material) of each zone are described and illustrated with clinical cases. The merits of bone from various donor sites and those of alloplastic material are discussed. The authors present an algorithm of reconstructive choices for residual posttraumatic calvarial defects in adults based on the nature of the defect and the aesthetic reconstructive zone.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The OxiMax System. Nellcor's new platform for pulse oximetry.

The new OxiMax Pulse Oximetry System includes the Nellcor N-595 Pulse Oximeter and a new line of OxiMax sensor. The main feature of this platform is the digital memory chip inserted within each OxiMax sensor that contains all the calibration and operating characteristics for that individual sensor. It allows an information exchange between the sensor and the monitor improving monitoring performance during difficult acquisition periods. We reviewed several studies showing that the more centrally placed forehead sensor can offer significant advantage over finger sensor when monitoring patient with low pulse perfusion, especially in situation where rapid detection of hypoxemia is critical.

Calibration↗
PubMed2002

Advantages and disadvantages of endoscopically assisted front-lift.

Reduced surgical risk, a diminution of visible scars, rapid recovery, long-termed results and reduced costs are at present the most important demands on development in aesthetic plastic surgery. Endoscopically assisted front-lift meets perfectly the need of reduced invasiveness. It is technically simple and associated with a minimum of complications. It brings minimal scars beyond the hairline with a favourable effect after eliminating the drop of the brows, and wrinkles on the forehead. The duration of the effect in the aging face depends, however, similarly as other methods, on the characteristics of the skin, changes in other parts and the individual disposition. A marked disadvantage is the high initial, cost of special equipment. Their recovery ensues from the reduced time of surgery, reduced consumption of material, lower number of complications and more rapid return to normal life.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The definition of the face.

There is no generally agreed definition of the human and subhuman face. For primatologists the definition forwarded by PERKNOPF (1957) is most agreeable: all structures of the head which can be seen from en face belong to the human face. The face is a combination of structures heterogeneous in both anatomy and function (forehead, eyes, mouth, pelage, etc.). They are different in qualities (e.g., color of the skin or the hair) and quantities as well (length of the jaw or the hairs of the mane). Despite the heterogeneity in form and function, the face as a whole appears as a unit, because in facial expressions there is always more than one structure involved. Blage, etc.). They are different in qualities (e.g., color of the skin or the hair) and quantities as well (length of the jaw or the hairs of the mane). Despite the heterogeneity in form and function, the face as a whole appears as a unit, because in facial expressions there is always more than one structure involved. Blage, etc.). They are different in qualities (e.g., color of the skin or the hair) and quantities as well (length of the jaw or the hairs of the mane). Despite the heterogeneity in form and function, the face as a whole appears as a unit, because in facial expressions there is always more than one structure involved. Because of the frontally oriented eyes and the stereoscopic vision, the facial structures are situated on the head so that they can be seen from in front. This is the reason why primate display mainly face to face. The concepts of the internal and external face are justified only in terms of topographical anatomy.

Adipose Tissue↗