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PubMed1963

INHIBITION OF YEASTS BY A MARINE BACTERIUM.

Buck, John D. (University of Miami, Miami, Fla.), Donald G. Ahearn, Frank J. Roth, Jr., and Samuel P. Meyers. Inhibition of yeasts by a marine bacterium. J. Bacteriol. 85:1132-1135. 1963.-Although investigations have shown the widespread occurrence of yeasts in the marine environment, notably members of the genus Rhodotorula, studies of a marine amphipod community revealed few, if any, pink yeasts. A gram-negative bacterium (designated AEB, a member of the genus Pseudomonas) isolated from the amphipod habitat showed marked selective ability to inhibit yeasts of both terrestrial and marine origin. Activity was demonstrated with both live cultures of the bacterium and untreated cell-free filtrates. Variously extracted and treated filtrates of the isolate have shown divergent patterns and spectra of inhibition of species of the genus Rhodotorula and of other genera.

Animals↗
PubMed1964

MOTILE MARINE BACTERIA. I. TECHNIQUES, ECOLOGY, AND GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS.

Leifson, Einar (Loyola University, Chicago, Ill.), B. J. Cosenza, R. Murchelano, and R. C. Cleverdon. Motile marine bacteria. I. Techniques, ecology, and general characteristics. J. Bacteriol. 87:652-666. 1964.-Aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from the waters of the Long Island Sound, Narragansett Bay, Atlantic Ocean, and from the intestine of a variety of marine animals found along the shore of the Long Island Sound. A total of about 600 cultures of motile bacteria were studied morphologically and physiologically, with special emphasis on flagellar characteristics. The great majority of the bacteria isolated from the water were polar flagellate, nonfermentative, nonpigmented, and gramnegative. Most of these were straight, capsulated rods, but a considerable number were curved like vibrios. Yellow-pigmented isolates were often nonmotile, and the motile forms were most frequently subpolar flagellate. Several rosette-forming bacteria, including Caulobacter species, were isolated. Two typical spirilla and one flagellated coccus were found. Peritrichous flagellate bacteria, both gram-positive and gram-negative, were rare except in bottom mud. The normal intestinal flora of marine animals, such as fish and shellfish, consisted of polar flagellate, fermentative, non-pigmented, gram-negative, straight rods. Curved forms, like vibrios, were less common. Polar multitrichous flagellate forms were not uncommon and included all the luminescent types isolated. A considerable proportion of the polar monotrichous flagellate rods swarmed over the surface of agar media. When grown on solid media, all of these showed mixed polar and lateral flagellation; in liquid media, mainly polar flagellation was found. The ecology and general taxonomy of marine bacteria are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1964

METSCHNIKOWIA KAMIENSKII, SP. N., A YEAST ASSOCIATED WITH BRINE SHRIMP.

Spencer, J. F. T. (University of California, Davis), H. J. Phaff, and N. R. Gardner. Metschnikowia kamienskii sp. n., a yeast associated with brine shrimp. J. Bacteriol. 88:758-762. 1964.-A description is given of Metschnikowia kamienskii sp. n., four strains of which were isolated from brine shrimp (Artemia salina) collected from a saline lake near Watrous, Saskatchewan, Canada. In addition, we obtained from N. van Uden a fifth strain which was originally isolated by L. J. Wickerham from sporocysts of the trematode Diplostomum flexicaudum parasitizing the hepatopancreas of a lymnaeid snail found in Lake Douglas, Michigan, in which material the yeast was first observed by Kathleen Hussey of Columbia University. All strains were identical and formed long club-shaped asci, containing a single needle-shaped spore, pointed at both ends. M. kamienskii differs in several of its physiological properties and by the size of its asci from the two previously isolated members of the genus, M. krissii and M. zobellii. A key differentiating the three species is given.

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