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At least 1,729 records · Page 96Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[The evaluation of the quality of so-called "clinical protocols" in primary care developed in the Autonomous Community of Murcia. The Group for the Evaluation and Improvement of Clinical Protocols].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of the design (structural) of the clinical protocols worked out in the Murcia region. DESIGN: Descriptive evaluation. Retrospective, over 8 years. SETTING: Primary health care. PARTICIPANTS: The professionals from the 31 health centres in the Murcia Region with activities covered by protocols. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The 519 documents written between January 1985 and January 1994, of which 470 were obtained and classified, were the object of the study. 11 criteria for the design quality of the protocols were worked out, based on the bibliography and a previous experiment. The inter-observer reliability of these criteria were assessed and two of them were rejected. Then the quality of the protocols design was evaluated through rates of compliance with the 9 standard and previously validated explicit criteria. 55.1% (259) of the documents fitted the accepted definition of protocol. 42.3% (199) had a recording system. 20.2% (95) had foreseen their evaluation. 41.7% (196) had some algorithm. 38.1% (179) had an anamnesis and/or examination page. 88.9% (418) were under 20 pages. Only 11.9% (56) had an index. 57.7% (271) had no formal defects of hand-writing or legibility. Only 14.7% (69) had a bibliography. Only three of the nine criteria were satisfied in over 50% of cases; three more, in under 30%. Overall, the clinical protocols had 2488 defects, with an average per protocol of 5.29. CONCLUSIONS: The formal quality of the primary care clinical protocols worked out in the Autonomous Community of Murcia is very low. Corrective measures to improve this situation should be taken.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1999

The Baltimore Alliance for the Prevention and Control of Hypertension and Diabetes: a model for developing a colorectal cancer community outreach program.

Many diseases that account for the majority of morbidity and mortality in African Americans are also associated with racial disparity. Such diseases include cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and violent injuries. Epidemiologic associations find the excess burden for these diseases to be rooted in biological, psychosocial, and socioeconomic factors. Community-based efforts often function in isolation, attempting to have impact on diseases that affect local residents; unfortunately, such programs cannot be comprehensive in their approach. Foreseeable gaps allow morbidity and mortality to continue to exist. The Baltimore Alliance for the Prevention and Control of Hypertension and Diabetes (the Alliance), based at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, provides an infrastructure where successful community-based programs that target hypertension and diabetes join together in collaborative effort. The Alliance creates an association that supports community-based efforts, helping improve the efficiency and efficacy of such programs. Such associations can help close gaps, enabling programs to have a more comprehensive impact on communities.

Black or African American↗
PubMed2005

Geoparasites in rural Dakahlia Governorate, a preliminary based study for development of the community-based intervention programs.

A prospective study was carried out to detect the rural prevalence and intensity of geoparasites in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. A total of 1070 soil samples were collected; 571 (53.4%) were infected with one or more parasites. Only 24% of samples were infected with one parasite, 16.4% and 13% with two, and more than two parasites respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. The geoparasites in a descending order of their prevalence were: E. histolytica cysts (9.2%), Toxocara eggs (9.1%), Giardia cysts (7.9%), Cryptosporidium oocysts (6.1%), Trichostrongylus eggs and larvae (5.6%), Isospora oocysts (4.3%), Acanathamoeba cysts (4.1%), Naegleria cysts (3.6%), Dust mites (2.7%), H. diminuta eggs (2.7%), Strongyloides free living adults, rhabditiform and filariform larvae (2.3%), H. nana eggs (1.7%), S. mansoni eggs (1.2%), Ascaris eggs (0.6%), Ancylostoma larvae (0.5%), Taenia eggs (0.4%), Trichocephalus eggs (0.4%) and F. gigantica eggs (0.2%). The prevalence of parasitic infections was significantly higher (P<0.001) in fields (63.4%) than streets (47.7%) and indoor-yards samples (35.3%). The intensity of infections was significantly higher (P< 0.001) in streets than fields and indoor-yards (18.1, 9.7 & 1 parasite/10 gm of soil respectively).

Animals↗