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PubMed1994

5-Fluorouracil causes alterations in the pharmacokinetic profile of tauromustine in NMRI mice.

The pharmacokinetic profiles of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and tauromustine (TCNU) were investigated in NMRI mice following their administration either alone or as part of simultaneous or sequential combinations. The profile of 5-FU remained unaltered irrespective of the sequence of administration. However, following simultaneous administration of 5-FU and TCNU or pretreatment with 5-FU, plasma levels of TCNU were decreased by a factor of 2.5-3 as compared with those seen when TCNU was given alone. These decreased plasma levels were explained by an increase in the TCNU volume of distribution, although this was not due to alterations in TCNU plasma protein binding. These sequence-dependent alterations in the pharmacokinetic profile of TCNU correlate with and may explain previously reported differences in the anti-tumour activity and toxicity profile of this combination.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: ultrastructural and immunocytochemical evidence for alterations of oxytocin- and vasopressin-containing neuronal profiles.

The hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei and the neurohypophysis of rats were investigated 8 weeks after streptozotocin (STZ)-induction of type 1 diabetes. Vasopressin (VP)- and oxytocin (OT)-containing neuronal profiles were examined using the pre-embedding peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique for electron microscopy. Ultrastructural alterations were observed in the somata, dendrites and axons of VP- and OT-labelled profiles. There was no evidence, however, for alterations in the synapses associated with VP- or OT-labelled somata, dendrites and axons. The results indicate that both VP- and OT-containing neuronal profiles are involved in the ultrastructural reorganisation of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial complex during diabetic conditions. Depletion of VP- and OT-containing axon profiles in the neurohypophysis may suggest increased release of both neurohypophysial hormones in STZ-induced diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Multiaxial empirically based assessment: parent, teacher, observational, cognitive, and personality correlates of child behavior profile types for 6- to 11-year-old boys.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether profile patterns derived from parents' ratings of clinically referred boys were significantly associated with differences in functioning identified via teachers' ratings, direct observations, cognitive tests, and personality measures. Subjects were 185 6- to 11-year-old boys who were referred to an outpatient psychiatric service or school psychologist and whose Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) profiles correlated significantly with types previously identified through cluster analysis. Comparisons of boys classified by six CBCL profile types and Internalizing versus Externalizing groupings of these types showed many differences that are not apt to be evident in linear correlations between the different sources of data. The findings provide a basis for research on differences between profile patterns with respect to etiology, course, prognosis, and responsiveness to interventions. They also indicate the potential importance of higher-order patterns of functioning that extend across multiple sources of data.

Child↗
PubMed1980

A typology of child behavior profile patterns: distribution and correlates for disturbed children aged 6--16.

This article reports the construction of a typology of behavior problem patterns, as scored on the Child Behavior Profile. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify reliable profile patterns that characterize clinically referred boys and girls aged 6-11 and 12-16. Procedures for classifying the profiles of individual children were developed and good agreement was obtained between classifications based on rating by mothers and a clinician. The distribution of profile patterns was determined for each age and sex group. Children classified by different patterns were found to differ significantly in age, race, school performance, and amount and quality of participation in activities and social relationships. Issues in the application of cluster analysis to behavioral data were analyzed and various options for the classification of individual cases were compared.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of the physiological stress profile: the interrupted time-series design.

Most research employing physiological stress profiling procedures has relied upon statistical analyses that are flawed in two ways: These analyses typically average the physiological levels observed across a series of observations during any one phase of the profile, thereby ignoring rate of change as a relevant parameter, and the problem of autocorrelation, or the natural correlation of time-series observations of the same physiologic activity, is unaddressed. We hope to introduce the biofeedback field to the technique of interrupted time-series analysis, which effectively deals with these two flaws. Interrupted time-series analysis additionally permits statistical conclusions based upon the stress profile of a single individual, thereby providing an objective basis for decisions concerning the effectiveness of training or the timing of changes in training for a single client. We describe the application of the technique to the analysis of a stress profile of a subject diagnosed as hypertensive.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Variation of the magnetic relaxation rate 1/T1 of water protons with magnetic field strength (NMRD profile) of untreated, non-calcified, human astrocytomas: correlation with histology and solids content.

The magnetic relaxation rate 1/T1 of tissue water protons was measured over a wide range of magnetic field strengths (NMRD profile) for 92 fresh surgical specimens of astrocytomas to search for correlations of 1/T1 with tumor histology, as determined by light microscopy, and to assess the diagnostic potential of NMRD profiles for grading astrocytomas. A third goal was to elucidate the molecular determinants of 1/T1. Each specimen was histologically graded and inspected for evidence of mineral deposits (Ca, Fe); its dry weight was determined and expressed in % of original wet weight. To minimize variability not directly related to tumor grade, this initial report is limited to NMRD profiles of 47 non-calcified, non-hemorrhagic, untreated astrocytomas. For these, the mean value of 1/T1 at very low magnetic field strengths was found to increase with increasing grade of malignancy; no clear correlation could be demonstrated at high fields where most imaging is done. The spread of 1/T1 for different grades of malignancy is large, however, and the overlap significant, even at the lowest field, so that astrocytomas can not be graded by NMRD profiles alone. Average 1/T1 and average dry weight increase with grade of malignancy; but the variability of 1/T1 among specimens of the same dry weight is large, indicating that at least one other cellular parameter, not variable in normal tissue, influences 1/T1 strongly. We hypothesize that this parameter reflects changes at the molecular level in size distribution, mobility, or intermolecular interaction of cytoplasmic proteins. Which specific changes are induced by malignant transformation in astrocytomas remains to be investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

2,4,5-T effects on cardiac and serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) isozymes. I. Maternal enzyme activities and isozyme profiles.

Pregnant mice were exposed to 100 mg/kg 2,4,5-T, IG, on gestation days 6 through 17, and sacrificed on postpartum day 1 or 21. Toxicologic evaluation showed no changes in body weight, heart weight, heart to body weight ratio, or cardiac supernate protein between corn oil control and 2,4,5-T treated mice on days 1 or 21 postpartum (pp). There were no effects of 2,4,5-T treatment on the total LDH enzyme activity of cardiac supernate on day 1 or 21pp. Serum LDH total activity was depressed on day 1pp and comparable to control values on day 21pp. Cardiac CK total activity was elevated on day 1pp, but not on day 21pp. Serum CK total activity on day 1 was comparable to control values; however, on day 21, a significant decrease in activity was observed. Cardiac LDH and CK isozyme profiles were normal on days 1 and 21pp. The serum LDH isozyme profile was normal at both times. The serum CK isozyme profile on Day 1 was markedly altered by athe appearance of two aberrant isozyme bands while on day 21, there was a profile shift with an increase in the BB band and a compensatory decrease in the MM band. These changes in creatine kinase suggest metabolic or pathologic changes in the cardiac muscle.

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of the profile line in prognathic patients in the Saxony-Anhalt region of Germany.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the soft-tissue morphology and profile line of prognathic patients in the Saxony-Anhalt region of central Germany. To this effect, the profile photographs and lateral cephalograms taken at treatment start for 34 adults (17 female patients, mean age: 22.6 years; 17 male patients; mean age: 23.2 years), Class III subjects who had not undergone orthodontic treatment, were measured and, by means of statistical analysis, the findings were compared with those of an age-matched control group (17 female subjects, mean age: 21.4 years; 17 male subjects, mean age: 23.8 years). Patients with Class III anomalies had a significantly longer and thinner lower lip and a smaller lower subnasal angle than the control subjects. The lower face was markedly enlarged. Furthermore, the osseous profile line was significantly flatter and the soft-tissue convexity was considerably reduced compared with the control group. Hence the prognathic patients of central Germany manifested typical features of the prognathic profile line. To elucidate typical regional features, further comparative studies are required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Velocity profiles in the ascending aorta in pigs: axial development and influence of changes in left ventricular contraction pattern.

Earlier studies using hot-film anemometry in pigs have revealed skewed tangentially rotating velocity profiles in the ascending aorta during systole. The reason for this phenomenon has been postulated to be caused by the left ventricular contraction pattern. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the left ventricular contraction pattern on the velocity fields in the ascending aorta of pigs. We used a 10 MHz perivascular pulsed Doppler ultrasound system to measure point blood velocities at two axial locations over the entire cross sectional area in the ascending aorta of 90 kg pigs. The axial component of the velocity profiles was visualized dynamically by computerized 3-dimensional animation techniques. Changing left ventricular contraction patterns were accomplished by reversible occlusion of either the left anterior descending or right posterior descending coronary artery. The axial development of the systolic rotating and skewed velocity profiles in the ascending aorta was described. The appearance of the systolic velocity profiles were virtually unaffected by changes in left ventricular contraction pattern.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Computer simulation and interpretation of 45Ca efflux profile patterns.

Stimulations or inhibitions by various agents of 45Ca efflux from prelabeled cells or tissues display distinct and reproducible profile patterns when the results are plotted against time as fractional efflux ratios (FER). FER is the fractional efflux of 45Ca from stimulated cells divided by the fractional efflux from a control unstimulated group. These profile patterns fall into three categories: peak patterns, exponential patterns, and mixed patterns. Each category can be positive (stimulation) or negative (inhibition). The interpretation of these profiles is difficult because 45Ca efflux depends on three variables: the rate of calcium transport out of the cell, the specific activity of the cell compartment from which the calcium originates, and the concentration of free calcium in this compartment. A computer model based on data obtained by kinetic analyses of 45Ca desaturation curves and consisting of two distinct intracellular pools was designed to follow the concentration of the traced substance (40Ca), the tracer (45Ca), and the specific activity of each compartment before, during, and after the stimulation or the inhibition of calcium fluxes at various pool boundaries. The computer model can reproduce all the FER profiles obtained experimentally and bring information which may be helpful to the interpretation of this type of data. Some predictions of the model were tested experimentally, and the results support the views that a peak pattern may reflect a sustained change in calcium transport across the plasma membrane, that an exponential pattern arises from calcium mobilization from an internal subcellular pool, and that a mixed pattern may be caused by a simultaneous change in calcium fluxes at both compartment boundaries.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Trauma symptoms and PTSD-like profiles in perpetrators of intimate abuse.

The presence of chronic trauma symptoms and similarity to a specific profile for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were assessed in a group 132 wife assaultive men and 44 demographically matched controls. Men who committed intimate abuse experienced more chronic trauma symptoms than nonabusive controls. A composite profile on the MCMI-II for wife assaulters demonstrated peaks on 82C (negative/avoidant/borderline), as have two independent studies of the profile of men diagnosed with PTSD. However, the assaultive population had higher scores on the antisocial personality scale and lower scores on anxiety and dysthymia. This PTSD-like profile on the MCMI-II was associated significantly with more frequent anger and emotional abuse of the subject's partner. The trauma origin for these men may have been parental treatment: experiencing frequent trauma symptoms as an adult was significantly related to negative recollections of parental treatment, specifically parental coldness/rejection and physical abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A new procedure for profile prognosis in the surgical displacement of the maxilla and the mandible].

One of the most important goals of combined orthodontic-surgical treatment is the harmonization of the soft tissue profile. For a reliable prognosis of the soft tissue profile after surgical intervention, the soft tissue response to hard tissue displacements should be analysed in regard to horizontal and vertical effects. The material consists of the pre- and postsurgical cephalograms of 40 patients who underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy, 54 patients with displacement of the mandible by means of a sagittal split (Obwegeser/DalPont), and 42 patients with combined upper and lower repositioning. In contrast with recent investigations, the analysis of the soft tissue response was not based on the conventional landmarks. Instead of this, changes of the entire soft tissue profile were analysed in relation with the underlying outline of the hard tissue. The processed material resulted in numerical data which permit the elaboration of a profile prognosis with distinction of horizontal and vertical effects also taking the error assessment into account.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2004

A UML profile for framework modeling.

The current standard Unified Modeling Language(UML) could not model framework flexibility and extendability adequately due to lack of appropriate constructs to distinguish framework hot-spots from kernel elements. A new UML profile that may customize UML for framework modeling was presented using the extension mechanisms of UML, providing a group of UML extensions to meet the needs of framework modeling. In this profile, the extended class diagrams and sequence diagrams were defined to straightforwardly identify the hot-spots and describe their instantiation restrictions. A transformation model based on design patterns was also put forward, such that the profile based framework design diagrams could be automatically mapped to the corresponding implementation diagrams. It was proved that the presented profile makes framework modeling more straightforwardly and therefore easier to understand and instantiate.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship of body composition and cardiovascular fitness to lipoprotein lipid profiles in master athletes and sedentary men.

A number of studies demonstrate that highly conditioned older athletes are leaner than their sedentary counterparts, and have lipoprotein profiles similar to that of young individuals. It is not clear whether the high maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) or lean body habitus is the major determinant of the favorable lipoprotein lipid profiles present in older athletes. The objective of this study was to determine whether body composition or VO2max was the major determinant of lipoprotein lipid profiles among 61 master (age 63 +/- 6 years, mean +/- SD) athletes (VO2max > 40 mL/kg/min), 39 age-matched lean (% body fat < 25%), and 51 obese (% body fat > 25%) sedentary men. Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were 25% higher in that athletes than in the lean sedentary men, and 42% higher than in the obese sedentary men. Triglyceride (TG) concentrations were 24% lower in the master athletes than in the lean sedentary men, and 51% lower than in the obese sedentary group. Plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were 9% lower in the athletes than in the other groups of sedentary individuals. In stepwise multiple regression analysis the percent body fat was the major independent predictor of HDL-C and TG levels accounting for 29% and 41% of the variation in these levels, respectively. The VO2max accounted for an additional 6% of the variance in HDL-C levels and 2% of the variance in TG levels. These cross-sectional results suggest that the favorable lipoprotein profile of master athletes is largely due to their lean body habitus, with a small independent contribution from their higher levels of cardiovascular fitness. Thus, regular vigorous aerobic exercise and maintenance of low body fat may prevent the commonly observed age-associated deterioration in lipoprotein concentrations.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1999

Continually measured fungal profiles in sick building syndrome.

Buildings with indoor air quality (IAQ) complaints frequently have high airborne concentrations of Penicillium species, while buildings with few IAQ complaints have an indoor air (IDA) fungal ecology similar to outdoor air (ODA), where Cladosporium species is usually the dominant microorganism. These studies compared fungal air profiles, measured continually over 6 h in a documented sick building, in IDA in a room experiencing IAQ problems with fungal profiles measured concurrently in ODA. The dominant species collected at both sites were Penicillium species, Cladosporium species, and Alternaria species. In the IDA, Penicillium species were always the dominant organisms, ranging from 150 to 567 cfu/m3 (89.8-100% of the total fungi). In the ODA, Cladosporium species were dominant in four samples (40.0-70.6%), while Penicillium species were dominant (52.7-79.6%) in two. These data demonstrate that, even though ODA fungal profiles are changing continuously, IDA fungal profiles in "sick" buildings tend to remain unchanged.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed2001

Effects of sedentary work on physical fitness and serum cholesterol profile in middle-aged male workers.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate independent and interactive health effects of physical activity at work (PAW) and physical activity at habitual exercise (PAHE). METHODS: A cross-sectional study on 1,117 male workers aged 29 to 46 years with a mean of 37.0 years. Using a self-administered questionnaire, the subjects were classified into 'High'/'Low' (n = 338/779) on PAW, and into 'Yes'/'No' (n = 353/764) on PAHE. As outcome indices, physical fitness expressed as maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated, and serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDLC) and TC/HDLC ratio were determined. Age, body mass index (kg/m2), alcohol-drinking and smoking were used as confounding factors. RESULTS: The 'High' PAW group had a significantly higher level of VO2max than the 'Low' PAW group (+ 1.0 ml/kg min; 34.4 vs. 33.4 ml/ kg min in adjusted means). The 'High' PAW group also had a better profile of serum cholesterol than the 'Low' PAW group, but it was not significant. The 'Yes' PAHE group had significantly higher levels of VO2max (+ 2.0 ml/kg min; 34.9 vs. 32.9 ml/kg min) and serum HDLC (+0.09 mmol/l; 1.48 vs. 1.39 mmol/l), and a significantly lower TC/HDLC ratio (-0.29; 3.90 vs. 4.19) than the 'No' PAHE group. Among PAW PAHE subgroups, the 'High-Yes' group (n = 110), most physically active, had the best profile of VO2max and serum cholesterol, and the 'Low-No' group (n = 536), least physically active, had the worst one. Interactive effects of PAW and PAHE were not found either on VO2max or on serum cholesterol profile. All the results were not influenced by statistical adjustments for the four confounding factors used here. CONCLUSIONS: Both sedentary work and lack of habitual exercise are very common in Japanese workers. Sedentary work, independently from lack of habitual exercise, may increase the risk of diseases related to physical inactivity by affecting physical fitness and serum cholesterol profile.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Quantitative evaluation of the voice range profile in patients with voice disorder.

In 1953, Calvet first displayed the fundamental frequency (pitch) and sound pressure level (intensity) of a voice on a two-dimensional plane and created a voice range profile. This profile has been used to evaluate clinically various vocal disorders, although such evaluations to date have been subjective without quantitative assessment. In the present study, a quantitative system was developed to evaluate the voice range profile utilizing a personal computer. The area of the voice range profile was defined as the voice volume. This volume was analyzed in 137 males and 175 females who were treated for various dysphonias at Kyushu University between 1984 and 1990. Ten normal subjects served as controls. The voice volume in cases with voice disorders significantly decreased irrespective of the disease and sex. Furthermore, cases having better improvement after treatment showed a tendency for the voice volume to increase. These findings illustrated the voice volume as a useful clinical test for evaluating voice control in cases with vocal disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Computerized visualization of quality of life data of individual cancer patients--the QoL-Profiler.

OBJECTIVE: Quality of life (QoL) is increasingly considered as an important endpoint in clinical studies but difficult to use in clinical practice. For daily clinical practice, we developed a computer program that is able to calculate and draw QoL profiles for individual cancer patients. METHODS: The computer program was developed in several steps during the course of studies with different patient populations (prospective cohort study, randomised surgical trial, breast cancer patients, all tumour patients of a clinic) and using different software packages. RESULTS: The current version is based on Microsoft ACCESS and combines QoL data and medical data. Automated QoL profile output comprises 10 scores that are of clinical relevance. Scores range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best), with 50 considered as the threshold for intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Practitioners found QoL-profiles comprehensible and clinically useful. QoL profiles are the crucial link between the QoL concept and QoL enhancing treatment decisions.

Aged↗