Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “coding change”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,711 records · Page 95Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Returning to school after a spinal cord injury: perspectives from four adolescents.

A phenomenological approach was used to explore the experience of returning to school following a spinal cord injury. Four adolescents who sustained spinal cord injuries and returned to premorbid school environments were interviewed concerning their perceptions, feelings, and experiences of returning to school. The responses were coded into six themes: people, role change, self-image, coping strategies, accessibility, and feelings. The themes were discussed as to their relevance on returning to school following a spinal cord injury. The research participants' suggestions on ways to ease the transition from the rehabilitation environment to the school environment and implications of the study are included.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

RBRVS: how new physician fee schedules will work.

The Health Care Financing Administration's (HCFA's) new Medicare fee schedule for physicians will break physician services into three components: physician work, practice expenses, and malpractice expenses. HCFA intends the new fee schedule to reduce and more equitably distribute Medicare expenditures for physician services. For healthcare organizations, the new fee schedule may mean changes in revenue collections, revisions to coding and billing systems, and greater competition between physicians and outpatient hospital services.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1985

Medicare program; utilization and quality control peer review organization (PRO) reconsiderations and appeals--HCFA. Final rule.

These regulations implement that portion of the Peer Review Improvement Act of 1982 that provides for reconsiderations and appeals of Utilization and Quality Control Peer Review Organization (PRO) initial determinations. We are establishing procedures for a PRO to reconsider both its initial denial determinations regarding the medical necessity, reasonableness and appropriateness of health care services furnished or proposed to be furnished to a Medicare beneficiary in a health care institution and the application of the limitation of liability provision. We are also including in this final rule procedures for administrative appeals to the Department following a PRO reconsidered determination and judicial review following administrative appeals. In addition, these regulations establish procedures for review of a PRO change in the diagnostic and procedural coding information that results in assignment of a discharge to a different diagnosis related group (DRG). This pertains to the review of claims for services furnished in hospitals reimbursed by Medicare under the prospective payment system.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed2001

Interim final rules for nondiscrimination in health coverage in the group market. Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury; Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration, Department of Labor; Health Care Financing Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. Interim final rules with request for comments.

This document contains interim final rules governing the provisions prohibiting discrimination based on a health factor for group health plans and issuers of health insurance coverage offered in connection with a group health plan. The rules contained in this document implement changes made to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (Code), the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), and the Public Health Service Act (PHS Act) enacted as part of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA).

Employee Retirement Income Security Act↗
PubMed2002

Polymorphisms in glucosylceramide (glucocerebroside) synthase and the Gaucher disease phenotype.

BACKGROUND: Gaucher disease results from the accumulation of glucosylceramide (glucocerebroside) in tissues of affected persons. Patients sharing the same genotype present with widely varying degrees of lipid storage and of clinical manifestations. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether variation in the glucosylceramide synthase (UDPGlucose ceramide glucosyltransferase) gene, which encodes the enzyme that regulates the synthesis of glucocerebroside, could account for the variability and clinical manifestations. METHODS: Patients homozygous for the 1226G (N370S) mutation, the most common in the Ashkenazi Jewish population, were investigated. The exons and flanking sequences of the gene were sequenced using DNA derived from five very mild Gaucher disease patients and four patients with relatively severe Gaucher disease. RESULTS: One polymorphism was found in the coding region, but this did not change any amino acids. Seven other polymorphisms were found in introns and in the 5' untranslated region. Some of these were single nucleotide polymorphisms; others were insertions. The mutations appear to be in linkage equilibrium and none were found with a significantly higher frequency in either severe or mildly affected individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Mutations in the glucosylceramide synthase gene do not appear to account for the variability in expression of the common Jewish Gaucher disease mutation.

Gaucher Disease↗
PubMed2004

Cell cycle--molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives in oncology.

Regulation of cell division is an object of intensive studies for the needs of tumor biology and medicine. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases are the major regulatory complexes that control the transition from one phase of the cell cycle to the following one. It has been established that the activity of certain cyclins is impaired in some tumors due to mutation of the coding gene. Verification of the specific change in a particular cyclin is discussed as a reliable diagnostic marker in clinical oncology. Mutations in genes for inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases correspond with definite tumor types. Impairment of control mechanisms leads to independence of cell division from signal regulators, which lies at the basis of tumorigenesis. Malignant transformation could result from overexpression of positive regulators like cyclins or loss of negative regulators like the inhibitors of the cyclin-dependent kinases. These molecules are an object of the new chemo- and gene therapeutical antitumor strategies. The present review focuses on the main regulatory points in cell cycle phases and on the pharmacological agents that affect them. Novel antitumor strategies based on the influence on the molecular mechanisms regulating the cell cycle are discussed.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed2004

Final regulations for health coverage portability for group health plans and group health insurance issuers under HIPAA Titles I & IV. Final regulation.

This document contains final regulations governing portability requirements for group health plans and issuers of health insurance coverage offered in connection with a group health plan. The rules contained in this document implement changes made to the Internal Revenue Code, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, and the Public Health Service Act enacted as part of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996.

Eligibility Determination↗
PubMed2005

Slaughter of animals for human consumption.

This paper briefly describes the formation of the OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) Ad hoc Group on Humane Slaughter of Animals, summarises its initial discussions and provides details of its recommendations. These recommendations were approved (with some amendments) at the 73rd General Session of the OIE International Committee and have been included in the 14th edition of the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code (2005). The recommendations include some changes to current definitions of certain terminology, and guidelines pertaining to the commercial slaughter of animals for human consumption, designed to minimise avoidable pain and suffering at every stage of the pre-slaughter and slaughter processes. The main issues addressed by the Ad hoc Group were: general principles for slaughter, as related to personnel, animal behaviour, and the removal of distractions which can cause animals to stop or turn back; moving and handling animals following their arrival at the slaughterhouse; lairage design and construction; care of animals in lairages; and animal welfare issues associated with acceptable handling, restraining, stunning and slaughter methods applicable to various relevant species. The group acknowledged the significance of religious requirements as well as the cultural and ethnic factors associated with slaughter, and appropriate proposals were included in their final report. Important but less frequently occurring issues such as the management of foetuses during the slaughter of pregnant animals were also included in this work. Finally, the report of the Ad hoc Group also specified methods, procedures and practices that are unacceptable on animal welfare grounds.

Abattoirs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Deferred compensation: what physicians need to know about IRC 409A.

The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 added Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 409A, which makes changes to nonqualified deferred compensation plans. Physician practice groups can take steps to avoid the risk of penalty from noncompliance. Precision and caution in addressing deferred compensation arrangements are especially important now since the IRS has targeted non-qualified deferred compensation plans as the number-one executive compensation compliance issue in its ongoing audit initiative.

Group Practice↗
PubMed1991

HIV infection: military occupational sequelae.

The military experience of 573 soldiers found to be HIV seropositive and their 2,262 matched seronegative controls were compared to determine if differences exist. Examination of personnel records for study members showed an expected difference in assignment changes, with seropositives being moved significantly more often to other units in compliance with a regulation prohibiting their presence in special operations units and units located overseas. Otherwise, there was no statistically significant difference at the 0.05 level when comparing changes in education, military occupational specialty code, promotion, or demotion. Seropositive individuals were less likely to marry, but no more likely to divorce. Seropositives were more likely to be separated from active service and barred from reenlistment for medical reasons.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed1991

Shared governance: a Canadian experience.

Control over practice, nursing shortages and better utilization of personnel are serious problems facing nurses in hospitals today. Shared governance models are one way to enhance professionalism, thus making the practice of nursing appealing. Effects of moving toward a shared governance model are described with examples derived from a rural hospital in British Columbia. Practical recommendations are given which support nursing leaders who dare to risk deep structural change.

British Columbia↗
PubMed1990

Changing patterns of asthma mortality. Identifying target populations at high risk.

Studies have suggested increases in hospitalization for asthma and in asthma mortality during the early 1980s. Using US Vital Records, we examined asthma mortality from 1968 through 1987 to describe the rates of change among children and young adults (aged 5 to 34 years) with time and in small geographic areas. During the 1970s, US asthma mortality declined by 7.8% per annum (+/- 1.0%), declining faster among women and nonwhites. During the 1980s, mortality increased by 6.2% per annum (+/- 1.2%), increasing faster among those aged 5 to 14 years than among those aged 15 to 34 years. Small-area geographic analysis revealed four areas with persistently high asthma mortality. Neither changes in International Classification of Diseases coding nor improved recognition of asthma, as demonstrated by trends in autopsy rates or rates of in-hospital deaths, seems to explain the increasing mortality of the 1980s.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Genomic and antigenic analysis of strains of influenza A virus (H1N1) isolated in 1982-1983: approaches to the choice of the optimal vaccine strain].

Features of the genome and antigenic specificity of hemagglutinin of some influenza A (H1N1) virus strains circulating in the epidemic period of 1982-1983 were studied comparatively. Analysis of the genome of the isolates under study in comparison with that of the reference A/England/333/80 strain and with each other has established changes not only in the genes coding for hemagglutinin and neuraminidase but also most of the genes coding for unglycolysed proteins. The antigenic specificity of hemagglutinin of the isolates under study examined with rat antisera and monoclonal antibodies was found to be quite dissimilar. Hemagglutinin of the A/Dunedin/27/83 strain induced antibodies capable of reacting predominantly with the homologous strain whereas antibodies to hemagglutinin of the A/Leningrad/16/16/82 and A/Chile/1/83 strains had a wide spectrum of antigenic specificity and neutralized well the hemagglutinin of different variants of influenza virus of H1N1 serotype circulating at that time. Among the 1982-1983 isolates studied, the A/Leningrad/16/16/82 strain was selected which, by its hemagglutinin properties, is optimal for preparation of inactivated vaccine, as was confirmed by the study of an experimental batch of such vaccine in volunteers.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Nucleotide sequence of the B1-hordein gene of barley Hordeum vulgare L].

The gene encoding B1 hordein of Hordeum vulgare (cv. Donetsky 4) was cloned and entirely sequenced. It contains no introns and codes for of 293 amino acids long polypeptide with molecular weight 33418. Our clone differs from the previously sequenced B1 hordein genes in some positions within the coding region (there are 4 nucleotide changes and a 12 bp deletion, as compared with the pB11 cDNA clone, and 5 nucleotide changes, as compared with the pBHP184 genomic clone). These changes result in polymorphism of amino acid sequences at 5 positions. 5'-flanking region contains putative regulatory and promoter sequences and differs from that of the pBHP184 clone in 3 positions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Psychotrauma associated with ambulatory and inpatient surgery in infants. A prospective study].

The presumed advantages of day-case surgery are often based on the argument that this kind of surgery induces less psychic harm in children than inpatient care. However, medical psychologists in particular increasingly prefer short-term hospitalization with rooming-in or daily visits by the mother. Neither opponents nor supporters of day-case surgery could produce valid findings from controlled and methodically valid studies of this subject. MATERIAL AND METHODS. A controlled, prospective study of the psychogenic effects of non-acute surgery under general anesthesia in children between 2 and 6 years of age was performed. The childrens' psychologic alterations were measured 6 and 12 weeks after the operation using a structured interview of the mother. Twenty-four children were treated by day-case surgery, 28 as inpatients. All children belonged to ASA groups I and II. The interviewer was "blind" to the indication, kind of surgery and duration of hospitalization. The mothers' answers concerning the postoperative behavior of their children were coded in terms of frequency of changes (seldom, unchanged, more frequent) or intensity (vigorous, unchanged, slight) in comparison to the time before operation. The data were compared to the anxiety of the children and mothers before premedication. The childrens' anxiety was measured using the scoring system of Büttner and Breitkopf; the mothers' anxiety was measured using a modified scoring system according to Groeger and Grosse-Aldenhövel. RESULTS. 1. There were no significant differences between the day-case and the stationary groups, in either preoperative anxiety assessments or postoperative psychological findings. 2. In comparison with the total number of possible psychologic effects, the number that really occurred was very small; only in 6 of 81 items did more than one-third of the mothers report any changes. 3. Most items were reported as minimal changes. Therefore, all items had to be analyzed using the method of analysis of factors (mean components, varimax rotation, Scree-test). Within 44.7% of extracted variance there were 2 factors involving behavior. Items applying to factor 1 included disturbed sleep and increased attachment of the child to the parents, indicating "emotional confusion" or "troublesome behavior." Factor 2 indicated a more flexible manner of playing and increased ability to concentrate.4+

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1985

Survival rate as an index in evaluating cancer control.

A WHO/IARC Expert Committee on Cancer Statistics (1979) reported that it is of increasing importance to make comparisons of survival experience between countries. Unfortunately, there may be insufficient uniformity between different regions with regard to the criteria or classifications used and to registry policy and methods. The study of time trends in survival is complicated by changes in the degree of case reporting to registries, by the increasing number of cancer patients found by screening programmes, and by changes over time in definitions or coding rules of cancer site, stage, histology and even diagnosis. Such problems are inevitable in the medical field, which is evolving continually. Analysis of such data has, however, made important contributions in the field. Survival rates present problems and limitations; however, the overall results from population-based cancer registries are more representative of the general pattern of survival from cancer than those from hospitals (WHO/IARC Expert Committee on Cancer Statistics, 1979). Interesting though a hospital patient series may be, it should be kept in mind that the real efficacy of a cancer control programme can be judged only from population figures.

Adult↗