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Obliteration of pulp canal space after concussion and subluxation: endodontic considerations.

Concussion and subluxation injuries to permanent teeth lead to obliteration of the pulp canal space in 3% to 11% of cases, depending on the severity of the injury and the developmental stage of the tooth. Obliteration of the pulp canal space may make root canal treatment necessary because of the development of apical periodontitis or for cosmetic reasons. If carefully executed, root canal treatment in teeth with an obliterated pulp canal space is highly successful and may act as a basis for internal bleaching.

Adolescent↗

Odontodysplasia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗

Prevalence of pulp stones in Jordanian adults.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of pulp stones in a sample of Jordanian dental patients. The article also presents frequency distributions of this condition among different types of teeth. STUDY DESIGN: Data were collected through radiographic examinations of a random sample of periapical and bitewing films of 4573 teeth from 814 dental records from the Faculty of Dentistry's filing system. RESULTS: Pulp stones were identified in 22% of the teeth examined. First and second molars were the teeth most commonly affected. Pulp stone incidence was not significantly different among different age and gender groups.

Adolescent↗

Comparison of the calcium content of different tissues present in the human mandible.

Qualitative and semi-quantitative comparisons of calcium content in the developing human mandible were performed by means of microradiographic and histophotometric analysis. Differences in calcium content between enamel, calcified cartilage, chondroid tissue and dentin are significant at the 1% level. Chondroid tissue and woven bone are almost similarly mineralized tissues.

Bone Development↗

A Thai mother and son with distal symphalangism, hypoplastic carpal bones, microdontia, dental pulp stones, and narrowing of the zygomatic arch: a new distal symphalangism syndrome?

A Thai mother and son with distal symphalangism and other associated abnormalities are reported. Distal and middle phalanges of fingers and toes 2-5 were either aplastic/hypoplastic or fused between the corresponding digits. The second fingers and fourth fingernails were most severely affected in both patients. The mother's hands were less severely affected; the middle and distal phalanges of her hands were malformed and fused. Besides the absence of fusion lines, the shape of the fused middle and distal phalanges was quite different from that of other types of fusion, i.e., fused bones in both patients did not maintain the normal configuration of bone, referring to as "middle-distal phalangeal complex". Distal symphalangism was observed in toes 2-5 of the mother and in toe 3 of the son. Both patients had additional clinical manifestations such as narrowing of the zygomatic arch, dental pulp stone, microdontia of a mandibular permanent central incisor, cone-shaped epiphyses of middle phalanges of fingers, and absence of scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid, and pisiform bones. Mutation analysis of NOG and ROR2, the genes responsible for proximal symphalangism and brachydactyly type B, respectively, was negative.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

Amelogenin protein exhibits a modular design: implications for form and function.

The most abundant protein of forming enamel is amelogenin, a protein capable of self-assembly to form nanospheres. Naturally occurring mutations in the human amelogenin gene are responsible for at least some of the disease entities known collectively as amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), although it is clear that the AI phenotype may be caused by alteration to other genes responsible for the biogenesis of the enamel extracellular matrix. Mutations that create changes in the functional domains of the amelogenin protein do adversely affect enamel biomineralization. Protein engineering of amelogenin that phenocopies several of the known AI mutations exhibits defects in self-assembly. Amino acid alterations that occur within a domain of amelogenin appear to cause "mineral defects," that is to say hypocalcification of the enamel, whereas mutations that occur elsewhere in another domain of the amelogenin molecule result in "hypoplastic defects," a decrease in thickness of the enamel. However, not all patients with AI phenotypes segregate precisely into these arbitrary designations. Nonetheless, correlating the domain of the amelogenin protein that contains a specific mutation with the type of enamel structural alteration suggests a modular design for amelogenin that is corroborated by protein engineering using recombinant DNA techniques and transgenic animal studies.

Amelogenin↗

Forensic dentistry and the human dentition in individual age estimations.

The forensic dentist can estimate the age of an individual by observing the developing dentition. Systematic observations can provide accurate age estimations depending of the criteria used and the experience and training of the dentist. Anatomical, histological, and radiographic examinations of the teeth are of great value. Admittedly, some of the aforementioned methods are complicated and require prolonged time periods to perform. Alternative methods of age estimation may be required when rapid results are demanded by the police or other agencies. It is, however, the obligation of the forensic dentist to provide the precise age data. Therefore, all available resource materials must carefully evaluated, including the possible factors that may cause variations. Only after data is carefully evaluated can the error in age estimations be reduced.

Age Determination by Teeth↗