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At least 1,711 records · Page 95Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Paroxysmal junctional reciprocal tachycardia and fetoplacental anasarca].

Foeto-placental anasarca was diagnosed at 34 weeks gestation in a patient with acute hydramnios. Foetal tachycardia at 300 bpm was recorded. This obstetrical problem led to the birth of a premature baby with generalised oedema, for which the only apparent cause was the tachycardia. This was identified as a paroxysmal junctional reciprocating tachycardia, initiating on atrial extrasystolic echos, terminating on R waves, with lengthening of the PR interval at the onset of tachycardia, without acceleration of the sinus rate and P'R = RP'. Paroxysmal junctional reciprocating tachycardia in utero was responsible for congestive cardiac failure and foeto-placental anasarca. The cardiac failure was treated by foetal delivery, artificial respiration and digoxin. The association of digoxin-disopyramide reduces the frequency of attacks of tachycardia and treatment may be stopped after one year's follow-up.

Edema↗
PubMed1986

[Intracranial pressure irregularities in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage].

The intracranial pressure (ICP) irregularities, i.e., pressure waves, were studied in dogs with experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Animals were lightly anesthetised, immobilised with panchronium bromide and respirated artificially. Subarachnoid infusion of hemolysed red blood cells was used to induce intracranial hypertension. Recordings of both systemic blood pressure (SBP) and ICP were undertaken continuously. After the infusion of hemolysed blood the ICP increased gradually and reached to 50 mmHg or more at the terminal stage. The pressure waves were classified into two types, i.e., the fast waves and the slow waves. The fast waves had a duration of 10-30 seconds, being accompanied by a marked increase of the SBP. The slow waves gradually increased their frequency and the duration, when the ICP increased more than 20 mmHg or more resembling plateau-like waves. Postmorten examination showed hemogenic meningitis at the base of the brain, especially the medulla oblongata. The results suggest that studies of the slow waves is of value for analyzing plateau waves.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Adult respiratory distress syndrome caused by acute systemic lupus erythematosus.

A 34-year-old man, previously diagnosed as having an idiopathic diffuse glomerulonephritis, developed an acute, fulminating pulmonary disease which fulfilled clinical, radiological and physiological criteria for ARDS. He also fulfilled criteria for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. High-dose corticosteroid therapy, artificial respiration and hemodialysis were instituted and were followed by marked clinical, radiological and physiological improvement, returning to normal 15 days after admission. We discuss here the role of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary vasculitis of lupus erythematosus and suggest a role of corticosteroid pulse therapy in treating ARDS of this etiology.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Role of the autoregulatory component in the vascular reaction of the brain to euphylline].

The method of hydrogen clearance used for the registration of cerebral blood flow in acute experiments on anesthetized white rats with artificial respiration has shown that aminophylline had a biphasic effect (dilatation-constriction) on cerebral vessels, particularly with stable blood pressure. Systemic hypotension provoked an increase in dilatation response. With blood pressure reduced, autoregulation levels lowered.

Aminophylline↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of complamine and nicospan on the cerebral blood flow and its regulation in changes in blood pressure].

Acute experiments on anesthetized cats under the conditions of artificial respiration were made to study the action of intravenous injection of complamine (75 mg/kg) and nicospan (0.5 ml/kg) on the cerebral blood flow (CBF), arterial blood pressure in venous vessels of the head (VP) and autoregulatory reactions (AR) of cerebral vessels at different levels of arterial blood pressure. The results of experiments indicate that both drugs provoke phasic (dilatation-constriction) responses of cerebral vessels, reduction of the CBF and a decrease in BP and VP. Unlike complamine, nicospan often caused at first a short-term increase in the CBF and VP followed by their lowering as compared with the initial values. Both the drugs brought about alterations in AR of cerebral vessels toward lower levels of BP.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Assay of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in canine myocardium: effect of coronary artery ligation on the cytosolic enzyme.

A procedure for the determination of the activation state of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMP-PK) in the cytosolic fraction of dog myocardium was derived from existing assays of this enzyme in tissues, a new element being the absence of added sodium chloride throughout the procedure. About 2/3 of the total cAMP-PK in normal dog ventricular myocardium was found to be present in the cytosolic (supernatant) fraction, the remaining 1/3 being particle-bound. The isoenzyme profile in the cytosolic fraction as determined by DEAE-cellulose chromatography revealed the presence of nearly equal amounts of the type I and type II isoenzymes. This distribution was also evident in experiments in which the RI and RII regulatory subunits were photoaffinity labeled with 8-azido- [32P] cAMP. Ligation of the left circumflex coronary artery in anesthetized open-chest dogs kept under artificial respiration caused increases in the cAMP-PK activity ratio (-cAMP/+cAMP) from a control value of 0.11 to 0.26 and 0.22, respectively, in the ischemic and in a nonischemic area of the left ventricle. This effect was clearly evident 2 min after ligation and was still observable in the ischemic area after 20 min. It was associated with increases in cAMP levels and in the activity ratio (-5' -AMP/+5' -AMP) of glycogen phosphorylase in the ventricular tissues. Pretreatment of the dogs with (+/-)-propranolol (2 mg/kg) abolished the cAMP and cAMP-PK responses, while the phosphorylase activity ratio remained elevated.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1977

[Rescue helicopter services for emergency treatment at the scene of the accident (author's transl)].

During the last three years 3639 emergencies were dealt with using the rescue helicopter "Christoph 4" in Hannover. Of these, 89.3% were primary flights to the scene of the accident to give qualified first aid by a medical team. The average distance to the scene of the accident was 20.8 km with an average flight time of 8.5 min. 2688 patients were treated by the helicopter crew. 89.8% of the patients had injuries of a severity of NACA (National Commitee for Aeronautics) 3 and more. Intubation and artificial respiration was carried out on 293 occasions. Shock treatment with blood substitute was given in 1593 cases. 30 resuscitations at the scene of the accident were successful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Extravascular albumin and water content of the lungs in traumatic-hemorrhagic shock].

Fifteen mongrel dogs are subjected to a standardized traumatic hemorrhagic shock. Plasma albumin, measured by J-125-albumin distribution, decreases to 58% of its original level after trauma and hemorrhage. Lung albumin content increases to 53% of the blood level. Lung water content is studied in vivo using the double indicator technique, post mortem by gravimetric methods. None of these methods shows an augmentation of lung water. The massive albumin loss occurs, particularly in the lungs, due to capillary leakage. The constant pulmonary water content can possibly be explained by early artificial respiration and by the fact that in contrast to clinical situations no infusion therapy was performed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[A retrospective study of the impressions and psychic reactions experienced by patients in a traumatological intensive care unit (author's transl)].

30 persons who had been treated for an average of 22 days on a traumatological intensive care unit were asked to comment on their impressions and experiences. 80% of the patients had been in need of artificial respiration; but this had not unduly distressed them and they remembered it only vaguely. The major worry in 30% of the cases was awareness of their condition and the fear of permanent physical and mental disablement. 25% had greatly suffered from thirst. There was no mention that finding themselves in an intensive care ward, being dependent on a respirator or monitoring equipment or being disorientated had caused distress. None of them had seriously contemplated the possibility of his own death. The frequent visits by relatives were regarded as great comfort and help towards achieving mental equilibrium. All these critically ill persons were highly impressed by the constant and dedicated medical and nursing care they had received.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1979

[The therapeutic use of streptokinase in the treatment of shock lung (author's transl)].

After protracted haemorrhagic or traumatic shock, the danger of severe respiratory insufficiency is often very imminent. This serious complication is frequently acutely progressive. Even the early use of adaequate artificial respiration cannot always prevent the developement of shock lung. The significance of the different pathogenic factors is still not definitely clear. The main changes that are most imminent during shock are the organisation and carnification of cells and plasma proteins within the lung parenchyma due to increased extravasation. On the basis of pathophysiological considerations however, it seems reasonalbe to interrupt these reactions through early use of monophasic proteo- and fibrinolysis. The indication for and prognosis of a monophasic streptokinase activated fibrinolytic and proteolytic therapy was first examined in 18 patients with a clinically manifest shock lung. In 11 patients the severe initial pulmonary changes could be reversed within 48-60 hours after the beginning of treatment. The normalization of lung function was confirmed clinically and by means of x-ray and blood gas analysis. In 7 patients in which acute renal failure had occurred the progression of pulmonary failure could not be interrupted. The present study demonstrates for the first time the possibilities of fibrinolytic treatment of the shock lung. The risk of haemorrhagic complications especially in the immediate postoperative or post traumatic phase could be limited by a high dose streptokinase therapy. Under these condition the formation of excessive amounts of free plasmin in the circulation was prevented and the so-called endogenous lysis was primarily achieved.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of adrenoblockaders on vascular reactions in sinocarotid baroreflexes].

Blood pressure in the common carotid artery, the tone of the cerebral and femoral vessels were recorded by resistography in acute experiments on nonanesthetized cats (local anesthetics, listenon) with artificial respiration. The increased pressure in isolated carotid sinuses was accompanied by a decrease in arterial pressure and in the tone of the cerebral and femoral vessels. In both cases the reaction of the cerebral vessels was less pronounced as compared to that shown by the femoral vessels. The blocking of alpha-adrenoreceptors with phentolamine reduced or abolished completely the reactions noted. After beta-adrenergic blockade with obsidan these reactions persisted. The role of carotid baroceptors in the regulation of cerebral circulation under orthostatic collapse is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Experimental concussion. Ultrastructural and biochemical correlates.

Ultrastructural and biochemical alterations were studied in the brainstem reticular formation of animals in which transient coma had been induced by controlled blows to the head. After a period of 7-10 days, animals that did not show obvious injury were artificially respired and sacrificed by perfusion with buffered formalin and glutaraldehyde. Histochemistry and light microscopy revealed chromatolysis of 10-15% of the neurons of pertinent segments of the nucleus giganto cellularis. There was much PAS-positive, diastase-sensitive material in the associated neuropil. Electron miscroscopy of the region confirmed the polysaccharide accumulation in dendrites, presynaptic boutons and preterminal axons. Similar material was found in some astrocytes. A longitudinal microchemical investigation with suitable controls of glycogen concentration in the brainstem demonstrated peak values at 5-7 days after concussion. No significant change in phosphorylase activity was demonstrated. The significance of glycogen accumulation in postconcussive injury and possible mechanisms for its accumulation in relation to changes in electrolyte balance and alterations in Kreb's cycle intermediates are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Congenital cardiac malformation in infants and children.

There were 51 deaths following cardiac operation in children under one year of age. Nearly all these children were operated upon without using a cardiopulmonary bypass. The commonest cause of death was intra- or postoperative cardiac arrest usually occurring in patients with complex cardiac anomalies. The second most commonest cause was repiratory deficiency. In children between the ages of 2 and 14 years (91 deaths in 1859 patients, i.e. a mortality of 4.64%), the commonest cause of death was cardio-vascular insufficiency usually caused by the operation. In patients with tetralogy of Fallot (147 deaths amongst 709 patients) one must distinguish between right sided and left sided cardiac insufficiency. Here the next commonest cause of death was bronchopneumonia with septicaemia usually as a result of long term artificial respiration. Other causes of death such as haemorrhages and embolic phenomena are much less important. In order to lower the mortality, better postoperative treatment in an intensive therapy unit especially for children undergoing cardiac operations is suggested.

Adolescent↗